Figure 1
Polygons of different land use. Photo: A.Sosnowska
Figure 2
Location of research areas (based on google maps)
Figure 3
Schematic location of soil pits
Table 3
Soil properties (own elaboration, average result from 3 soil pits). Source: own elaboration
| Land use type | Horizon | OCC (%) | pH | Carbonates (%) | Vs (%) | Vh (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ApEt | 0.99 | 5.30 | 64.7 | 35.3 | ||
| Arable land | Bt | 4.32 | 80.7 | 19.3 | ||
| C | 4.29 | 86.4 | 13.6 | |||
| ApEt | 0.80 | 4.28 | 65.2 | 34.8 | ||
| Abandoned land | Bt | 4.32 | 83.3 | 16.7 | ||
| (5 years) | Cca | 7.08 | 6.50 | 100.0 | 0.0 | |
| Abandoned land | ApEt | 1.3 | 4.22 | 56.8 | 43.2 | |
| Bt | 4.44 | 86.3 | 13.7 | |||
| (20 years) | Cca | 6.48 | 5.60 | 94.3 | 5.7 | |
| Ah | 2.18 | 3.42 | 22.8 | 77.2 | ||
| Et | 3.57 | 38.0 | 62.0 | |||
| Forest | Bt | 4.11 | 66.0 | 34.0 | ||
| Cca | 7.16 | 6.20 | 100.0 | 0.0 |
Table 1
Plant species examined on researched polygons, with frequency (1–5)
| Land use type | Plant species |
|---|---|
| Calamagrostis epigejos (L.) Roth – 5, | |
| Abandoned land | Solidago gigantea Aiton – 3, |
| (5 years) | Solidago canadensis L. – 3, |
| Betula pendula Roth – 1. | |
| Calamagrostis epigejos (L.) Roth – 4, | |
| Betula pendula Roth – 3, | |
| Solidago gigantea Aiton – 2, | |
| Solidago canadensis L. – 2, | |
| Abandoned land | Tanacetum vulgare L. – 2, |
| (20 years) | Achillea millefolium L. – 2, |
| Alnus incana (L.) Moench – 1, | |
| Helichrysum arenarium (L.) Moench – 1, | |
| Laserpitium prutenicum L. – 1. | |
| Fagus sylvatica L. – 5, | |
| Asarum europaeum L. – 4, | |
| Galium odoratum (L.) Scop. – 4, | |
| Anemone nemorosa L. – 3, | |
| Lysimachia nemorum L. – 3, | |
| Forest | Ranunculus lanuginosus L. – 2, |
| Veronica montana L. – 2, | |
| Carex digitala L. – 2, | |
| Larix decidua Mill – 1, | |
| Betula pendula Roth – 1. |
Table 2
Particle-size distribution of examined soils. Source: own elaboration
| Land use type | Soil pit | Soil horizon | Depth (cm) | Sand 2.00-0.05 mm (%) | Silt 0.05-0.002 mm (%) | Clay <0.002 mm |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ApEt | 0–60 | 71 | 27 | |||
| no. 1 | Bt | 60–135 | 59 | 40 | ||
| C | 135–177 | 73 | 26 | |||
| ApEt | 0–25 | 67 | 33 | |||
| Arable land | no. 2 | Bt | 25–73 | 71 | 28 | |
| C | 73–157 | 67 | 31 | |||
| ApEt | 0–36 | 74 | 25 | |||
| no. 3 | Bt | 36–114 | 70 | 30 | ||
| Cca | 114–170 | 84 | 16 | |||
| Ol | 1–0 | - | - | |||
| ApEt | 0–25 | 70 | 29 | |||
| no. 1 | Bt | 25–63 | 77 | 33 | ||
| BtCca | 63–115 | 77 | 33 | |||
| Cca | 115–182 | 79 | 20 | |||
| Ol | 1–0 | - | - | |||
| Abandoned land | ApEt | 0–23 | 68 | 32 | ||
| (5 years) | no. 2 | Bt | 23–75 | 78 | 22 | |
| Cca | 75–154 | 75 | 24 | |||
| Ol | 1–0 | - | - | |||
| ApEt | 0–23 | 69 | 31 | |||
| no. 3 | Bt | 23–67 | 65 | 34 | ||
| BtC | 67–122 | 77 | 23 | |||
| Cca | 122–154 | 67 | 32 | |||
| Ol | 1–0 | - | - | |||
| ApEt | 0–15 | 76 | 24 | |||
| no. 1 | Bt | 15–100 | 71 | 29 | ||
| Cca | 100–143 | 75 | 24 | |||
| Ol | 2–0 | - | - | |||
| ApEt | 0–20 | 63 | 37 | |||
| Abandoned land | no. 2 | Bt | 20–48 | 61 | 39 | |
| (20 years) | BtCca | 48–84 | 72 | 28 | ||
| Cca | 84–156 | 64 | 36 | |||
| Ol | 1–0 | - | ||||
| Ah | 0–5 | 70 | 30 | |||
| no. 3 | Et | 5–28 | 64 | 36 | ||
| Bt | 28–90 | 65 | 34 | |||
| Cca | 90–132 | 80 | 20 | |||
| Ol | 2–0 | - | - | |||
| Ah | 0–7 | 69 | 29 | |||
| no. 1 | Et | 7–25 | 64 | 35 | ||
| Bt | 25–85 | 60 | 40 | |||
| BtCca | 85–126 | 67 | 33 | |||
| Cca | 126–164 | 72 | 24 | |||
| Ol | 3–0 | - | - | |||
| Ah | 0–8 | 72 | 26 | |||
| Forest | no. 2 | Et | 8–35 | 70 | 30 | |
| Bt | 35–131 | 68 | 30 | |||
| Cca | 131–177 | 80 | 19 | |||
| Ol | 2–0 | - | - | |||
| Ah | 0–7 | 76 | 25 | |||
| no. 3 | Et | 7–29 | 71 | 29 | ||
| Bt | 29–109 | 72 | 28 | |||
| Cca | 109–151 | 75 | 24 |
Figure 4
Saturation of soil sorption complex (average from 3 soil pits). Source own elaboration
Figure 5
Humus horizons organic carbon content (average result from 3 soil pits). Source: own elaboration