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On the Effectiveness of Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016: Empirical Evidence From India Cover

On the Effectiveness of Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016: Empirical Evidence From India

By:
A Abhirami and  T Rahul  
Open Access
|Dec 2022

Figures & Tables

Figure 1

Trend in Corporate Insolvency Resolution Process.
Trend in Corporate Insolvency Resolution Process.

Figure 2

Distribution of stakeholder initiated CIRPs.
Distribution of stakeholder initiated CIRPs.

Figure 3

Recovery rates of different resolution mechanisms.
Recovery rates of different resolution mechanisms.

Figure 4

Resolution timelines for outstanding CIRPs.
Resolution timelines for outstanding CIRPs.

Figure 5

Gross NPAs to gross advances ratio, credit growth, and GDP growth.
Gross NPAs to gross advances ratio, credit growth, and GDP growth.

Figure 6

Trajectory of gross NPAs.
Trajectory of gross NPAs.

Figure 7

Trend in NPA slippages.
Trend in NPA slippages.

Figure 8

Performance of India in Resolving Insolvency as per the World Bank's Ease of Doing Business Rankings.
Performance of India in Resolving Insolvency as per the World Bank's Ease of Doing Business Rankings.

Figure 9

India's ranking in the World Bank's Ease of Doing Business Index.
India's ranking in the World Bank's Ease of Doing Business Index.

Gross NPAs as a percentage of gross advances in the Indian banking system_

As on 31 MarchGross NPA (in Rs. Billion)Gross NPAs to Gross Advances Ratio (in %)

Scheduled commercial banksPublic sector banksPrivate sector banksForeign banksSmall finance banks
2010846.982.52.33.04.4-
2011979.732.42.32.52.6-
20121,429.032.93.22.12.8-
20131,940.533.23.61.83.0-
20142,633.623.84.41.83.9-
20153,233.354.35.02.13.2-
20166,119.477.59.32.84.2-
20177,917.919.311.74.14.0-
201810,396.7911.214.64.63.82.5
20199,364.749.111.65.33.01.8
20208,998.038.210.35.52.31.9
20218,377.717.39.14.92.45.4

Status of 12 large accounts (amounts in Rs_ Billion)_

S. No.Name of CDClaims of FCs dealt under resolutionRealisation by claimants as a % of liquidation valueSuccessful resolution applicant

Amount admittedAmount realisedRealisation as % of claims
Completed
1Electrosteel Steels Limited131.7553.240.38183.45Vedanta Ltd.
2Bhushan Steel Limited560.22355.7163.5252.88Bamnipal Steel Ltd.
3Monnet Ispat & Energy Limited110.1528.9226.26123.35Consortium of JSW and AION Investments Pvt. Ltd.
4Essar Steel India Limited494.73410.1882.91266.65Arcelor Mittal India Pvt. Ltd.
5Alok Industries Limited295.2350.5217.11115.39Reliance Industries Ltd, JM Financial Asset Reconstruction Company Ltd., JMFARC- March 2018 Trust
6Jyoti Structures Limited73.6536.9150.12387.44Group of HNIs led by Mr Sharad Sanghi
7Bhushan Power & Steel Limited471.58193.541.03209.12JSW Limited
8Amtek Auto Limited126.4126.1520.68169.65Deccan Value Investors L.P. and DVI PE (Mauritius) Ltd.
Under Process
9Era Infra Engineering Limited Under CIRP
10Jaypee Infratech Limited Under CIRP
11Lanco Infratech Limited Under Liquidation
12ABG Shipyard Limited Under Liquidation

Status of CIRPs since its inception (as of 31 December 2021)_

Status of CIRPsNo. of CIRPs
Admitted4,946
Closed on Appeal / Review / Settled714
Closed by withdrawal under section562
12A
Closed by resolution457
Closed by liquidation1,514
Ongoing CIRP1,699
Timeline of ongoing CIRPs
> 270 days1,241
> 180 days ≤ 270 days114
> 90 days ≤ 180 days161
≤ 90 days183

NPAs of SCBs recovered through various channels (amounts in Rs_ Billion)_

YearRecovery ChannelLok AdalatsDRTsSARFAESI ActIBCTotal
2016–17No. of cases referred21,52,89528,90280,0763722,61,873
Amount involved1,057.87670.891,131.00-2,859.76
Amount recovered38.03163.9377.58-279.54
3 as percentage of 23.624.46.9-9.8
2017–18No. of cases referred33,17,89729,34591,33070434,39,276
Amount involved457.281,330.95818.7999.292,706.31
Amount recovered18.1172.35263.8049.26403.52
3 as percentage of 24.05.432.249.614.9
2018–19No. of cases referred40,87,55551,6792,35,4371,15243,75,823
Amount involved534.842,684.132,586.421,454.577,259.96
Amount recovered27.50105.52389.05664.401,186.47
3 as percentage of 25.13.915.045.716.3
2019–20No. of cases referred59,86,79033,1391,05,5231,98661,27,438
Amount involved678.012,050.321,965.822,249.356,943.50
Amount recovered42.1199.86342.831,041.171,525.97
3 as percentage of 26.24.917.446.322.0
2020–21No. of cases referred19,49,24928,18257,33153720,35,299
Amount involved280.842,253.61675.101,351.394,560.94
Amount recovered11.1981.13276.86273.11642.28
3 as percentage of 24.03.641.020.214.1
Language: English
Page range: 20 - 34
Published on: Dec 31, 2022
Published by: Polish Economic Security Foundation. Institute for Legal and Economic Dialogue and Analysis
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 1 times per year

© 2022 A Abhirami, T Rahul, published by Polish Economic Security Foundation. Institute for Legal and Economic Dialogue and Analysis
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.