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Simultaneous determination of lincomycin, spiramycin, tylosin and tiamulin in animal feed using liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry after a microbial assay Cover

Simultaneous determination of lincomycin, spiramycin, tylosin and tiamulin in animal feed using liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry after a microbial assay

Open Access
|Dec 2025

Abstract

Introduction

To monitor the occurrence of antibiotics in feed, a two-step control strategy is often adopted of screening by microbiological inhibition followed by confirmation by chromatographic techniques. This study is devoted to the development of a reliable method for simultaneous determination of lincomycin, spiramycin, tylosin and tiamulin in animal feed using liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry after a microbial assay.

Material and Methods

The analytes were extracted from feed using a methanol:water mixture, and solid-phase extraction was employed for the isolation of the antibiotics. The determination of the presence of lincomycin, spiramycin, tylosin and tiamulin was carried out using high-performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry.

Results

The method was validated according to EU requirements. The decision limit and detection capability were 0.213–0.318 and 0.259–0.535 mg kg−1, respectively, and the limits of detection and quantification were 0.029–0.151 and 0.069–0.223 mg kg−1, respectively, depending on the analyte. Recoveries were satisfactory (86.6–105.1%), repeatability ranged from 2.6 to 18.3% and reproducibility from 6.2 to 11.7%.

Conclusion

The proposed method is reliable and applicable to identify four antibiotics for feed-safety control.

Language: English
Submitted on: Sep 26, 2025
|
Accepted on: Dec 12, 2025
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Published on: Dec 23, 2025
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 4 issues per year

© 2025 Monika Przeniosło-Siwczyńska, Aleksandra Grelik, Maja Chyłek-Purchała, published by National Veterinary Research Institute in Pulawy
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

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