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Effects of lipopolysaccharide administration on thymus damage, antioxidant capacity and immune function in weaned piglets Cover

Effects of lipopolysaccharide administration on thymus damage, antioxidant capacity and immune function in weaned piglets

Journal of Veterinary Research
Volume 69 (2025): Issue 1 (March 2025)
By:
Open Access
|Mar 2025

Figures & Tables

Fig. 1.

The nitric oxide (NO) secretion in the thymus of weaned piglets. CON – control group; LPS – lipopolysaccharide group; * – significant increase (P-value < 0.05); ** – highly significant increase (P-value < 0.01)
The nitric oxide (NO) secretion in the thymus of weaned piglets. CON – control group; LPS – lipopolysaccharide group; * – significant increase (P-value < 0.05); ** – highly significant increase (P-value < 0.01)

Fig. 2.

The mRNA expression of thymic toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) pathway, related inflammatory factors and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). IL – interleukin; MyD88 – myeloid differentiation factor 88; NFκB – nuclear factor kappa B; TNF-α – tumour necrosis factor α; CON – control group; LPS – lipopolysaccharide group; * – significant increase (P-value < 0.05); ** – highly significant increase (P-value < 0.01); # – significant decrease (P-value < 0.05); ## – highly significant decrease (P-value < 0.01)
The mRNA expression of thymic toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) pathway, related inflammatory factors and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). IL – interleukin; MyD88 – myeloid differentiation factor 88; NFκB – nuclear factor kappa B; TNF-α – tumour necrosis factor α; CON – control group; LPS – lipopolysaccharide group; * – significant increase (P-value < 0.05); ** – highly significant increase (P-value < 0.01); # – significant decrease (P-value < 0.05); ## – highly significant decrease (P-value < 0.01)

Fig. 3.

The mRNA expression of thymic JAK-STAT pathway and Keap1/Nrf2 pathway. A – janus kinase 1 (JAK1); B – kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1); C –signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3); D – nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). * – significant increase (P-value < 0.05); ** – highly significant increase (P-value < 0.01); # – significant decrease (P-value < 0.05); ## – highly significant decrease (P-value < 0.01)
The mRNA expression of thymic JAK-STAT pathway and Keap1/Nrf2 pathway. A – janus kinase 1 (JAK1); B – kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1); C –signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3); D – nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). * – significant increase (P-value < 0.05); ** – highly significant increase (P-value < 0.01); # – significant decrease (P-value < 0.05); ## – highly significant decrease (P-value < 0.01)

The antioxidant parameters in the thymus of weaned piglets

GroupDay 1Day 5Day 9Day 13
T-AOC (mmol/g protein)CON0.1462 ± 0.006400.1077 ± 0.023640.0755 ± 0.013910.1027 ± 0.00941
LPS0.1527 ± 0.019740.1189 ± 0.004090.0787 ± 0.005030.0960 ± 0.00266
CAT (U/mg protein)CON1.3091 ± 0.120101.0701 ± 0.095881.1309 ± 0.045720.5535 ± 0.08402
LPS2.2744 ± 0.16687**1.3503 ± 0.14927*1.0992 ± 0.160260.6420 ± 0.09374
SOD (U/mg protein)CON15.4502 ± 1.3757514.0568 ± 0.182579.0334 ± 0.311159.7733 ± 0.53686
LPS14.4014 ± 1.0247314.3906 ± 0.492769.8023 ± 0.31115*9.3018 ± 0.20602
GSH-Px (U/mg protein)CON15.5310 ± 1.4550813.7160 ± 0.4249813.5570 ± 0.6030716.8665 ± 1.07325
LPS22.0999 ± 1.2071*18.0544 ± 1.9736*17.5424 ± 2.1281*21.4042 ± 1.58232**
MDA (nmol/mg protein)CON0.3856 ± 0.023540.3444 ± 0.117680.2435 ± 0.083530.2268 ± 0.00967
LPS0.3634 ± 0.042990.3772 ± 0.079520.1684 ± 0.40000.2365 ± 0.04973

Primers used in RT-qPCR analysis

GenePrimer sequence (5′-3′)Product size (base pairs)GenBank accession No.
GAPDHF: CCTGGAGAAACCTGCAAAATAR: AACCTGGTCCTCAGTGTAGCC100NM_001206359.1
TLR4F: GACGAAGACTGGGTGAGGAATGAACR: CCTGGATGATGTTAGCAGCGATGG124NM_001113039.2
MyD88F: CGTCTGGTCCATTGCTAGAACTCR: TTCTGATGGGCACCTGGAGAGAG141NM_001099923.1
NF-κBF: CTGAGGCTATAACTCGCTTGGTGACR: CATGTCCGCAATGGAGGAGAAGTC131NM_001114281.1
TNF-αF: TCTATTTTGGGATCATTGCCCR: CCAGCCCCTCATTCTCTTTCT127NM_214022.1
IL-2F: ACTTTCCAGGATGCTCACR: ACTTCCTCCAGAGGTTTG102DQ852342.1
IL-6F: ATAAGGGAAATGTCGAGGCTGTGCR: GGGTGGTGGCTTTGTCTGGATTC93NM_001252429.1
IL-10F: GCATCCACTTCCCAACCAR: GCAACAAGTCGCCCATCT108NM_214041.1
JAK1F: GACCGTCACCTGCTTTGAGAR: ACGAAGCTGATGTTGTCCGT104AB00601
STAT3F: AGCCTCTCCGCAGAGTTCAAR: GCCCCCGTTCCCACAT60NM_001044580.1
iNOSF: CAGCGGGATGACTTTCCAAR: TTGCAAGCAAGATCCCCTTT60NM_001143690.1
Keap1F: ACGACGTGGAGACAGAAACGTR: GCTTCGCCGATGCTTCA56NM_001114671.1
Nrf2F: GCCCCTGGAAGCGTTAAACR: GGACTGTATCCCCAGAAGGTTGT67XM_003133500.5
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2025-0018 | Journal eISSN: 2450-8608
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Language: English
Page range: 111 - 119
Submitted on: Sep 6, 2024
Accepted on: Mar 10, 2025
Published on: Mar 25, 2025
Published by: National Veterinary Research Institute in Pulawy
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 4 times per year
Keywords:
lipopolysaccharide,
piglet,
thymus,
inflammation,
antioxidant capacity
Related subjects:
Life sciences,
Molecular biology,
Microbiology and virology,
Life sciences, other,
Medicine,
Veterinary medicine

© 2025 Lingna Bai, Yijie Jiang, Xi Li, Wanting Yu, Wenlu Zhu, Guotong Zhao, Tingyu Yang, Yunxiao Zhou, Jinyan Li, Yong Li, published by National Veterinary Research Institute in Pulawy
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

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