Fig. 1.
Oxidative stress biomarkers estimated based on the levels of 2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS, A), aldehyde derivatives (B) and ketone derivatives (C) of oxidatively modified proteins, and total antioxidant capacity (D) in the liver tissue of rainbow trout orally immunised with Y. ruckeri vaccine and challenged with Y. ruckeri. Data are presented as means ± standard deviation (n = 10); * – significant differences (P-value < 0.05) between the untreated control group and the unvaccinated group challenged with Y. ruckeri; ** – significant differences (P-value < 0.05) between the vaccinated group subjected to the Y. ruckeri challenge and the vaccinated and unchallenged group; ## – significant differences (P-value < 0.05) between the vaccinated group subjected to the Y. ruckeri challenge and the unvaccinated group challenged with Y. ruckeri
Table 1.
Activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD, U·mg-1 protein), catalase (CAT, nmol·min-1·mg-1 protein), glutathione reductase (GR, nmol·min-1·mg-1 protein) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx, nmol·min-1·mg-1 protein) antioxidant enzymes in the liver tissue of rainbow trout orally vaccinated against Yersinia ruckeri and challenged with this bacterium
| Parameter | Untreated control group | Vaccinated unchallenged group | Unvaccinated group challenged with Yersinia ruckeri | Vaccinated group challenged with Yersinia ruckeri |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SOD, U·mg-1 protein | 643.90 ± 99.08* | 627.65 ± 38.09 | 921.76 ± 139.25* ## | 656.44 ± 49.11## |
| CAT, nmol·min-1·mg-1 protein | 12.92 ± 0.67* # | 9.93 ± 0.59# ** | 22.08 ± 1.88* ## | 11.52 ± 0.98** ## |
| GR, nmol·min-1·mg-1 protein | 15.19 ± 1.84* # | 25.13 ± 2.17# | 11.27 ± 3.70* ## | 24.19 ± 2.12## |
| GPx, nmol·min-1·mg-1 protein | 238.89 ± 23.26 | 250.61 ± 43.82** | 186.96 ± 46.39## | 357.86 ± 70.71** ## |
1* – significant differences (P-value < 0.05) between the untreated control group and the unvaccinated group challenged with Y. ruckeri;
1** – significant differences (P-value < 0.05) between the vaccinated group subjected to the Y. ruckeri challenge and the vaccinated and unchallenged group;
Table 2.
Activity of alanine aminotransferase (ALT, nmol·min-1·mg-1 protein) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST, nmol·min-1·mg-1 protein), AST/ALT ratio, lactate dehydrogenase activity (LDH, nmol·min-1·mg-1 protein), lactate and pyruvate levels (nmol·mg-1 protein) and the L/P ratio in the liver tissue of rainbow trout orally immunised against Yersinia ruckeri and challenged with this bacterium
| Parameter | Group | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Untreated control group | Vaccinated unchallenged group | Unvaccinated group challenged with Yersinia ruckeri | Vaccinated group challenged with Yersinia ruckeri | |
| ALT, nmol·min-1·mg-1 protein | 4.46 ± 0.48* | 4.25 ± 0.72 | 5.67 ± 0.65* ## | 4.21 ± 0.68## |
| AST, nmol·min-1·mg-1 protein | 3.36 ± 0.23* | 3.48 ± 0.34 | 4.12 ± 0.33* ## | 3.26 ± 0.33## |
| AST/ALT ratio | 0.75 ± 0.06 | 0.83 ± 0.11 | 0.76 ± 0.10 | 0.78 ± 0.09 |
| LDH, nmol·min-1·mg-1 protein | 22.61 ± 0.81 | 21.87 ± 0.21 | 22.09 ± 0.42 | 22.20 ± 0.33 |
| Lactate, nmol·mg-1 protein | 63.50 ± 17.12* | 74.61 ± 19.64 | 102.97 ± 18.09* ## | 64.94 ± 11.78## |
| Pyruvate, nmol·mg-1 protein | 29.56 ± 6.13* | 37.01 ± 5.96 | 45.37 ± 11.38* ## | 33.31 ± 5.50## |
| L/P ratio | 2.22 ± 0.70 | 2.07 ± 0.64 | 2.39 ± 0.91 | 1.99 ± 0.49 |
Fig. 2.
Activity of the alanyl aminopeptidase (nmol·h-1·mg-1 protein), leucyl aminopeptidase (nmol·h-1·mg-1 protein), acid phosphatase (AcP, nmol·h-1·mg-1 protein), and β-N-acetylglucosaminidase (nmol·h-1·mg-1 protein) in the liver tissue of rainbow trout orally immunised against Y. ruckeri and challenged with this bacterium. Data are presented as means ± standard deviation (n = 10); * – significant differences (P-value < 0.05) between the untreated control group and the unvaccinated group challenged with Y. ruckeri; ** – significant differences (P-value < 0.05) between the vaccinated group subjected to the Y. ruckeri challenge and the vaccinated and unchallenged group; # – significant differences (P-value < 0.05) between the untreated control group and the vaccinated and unchallenged group; ## – significant differences (P-value < 0.05) between the vaccinated group subjected to the Y. ruckeri challenge and the unvaccinated group challenged with Y. ruckeri