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Assessing tropism and genetic traits of carp oedema virus isolates to enhance detection strategies Cover

Assessing tropism and genetic traits of carp oedema virus isolates to enhance detection strategies

Open Access
|Mar 2024

Figures & Tables

Fig. 1.

Locations of fish sampling sites
Locations of fish sampling sites

Fig. 2.

Sampling sites in the study. Locations with positive test results (in red) and locations free from carp oedema virus (in green). Outline of the map obtained from the website fabrykapuzli.pl and graphically processed by the author using canva.com
Sampling sites in the study. Locations with positive test results (in red) and locations free from carp oedema virus (in green). Outline of the map obtained from the website fabrykapuzli.pl and graphically processed by the author using canva.com

Fig. 3.

Confirmation of CEV genetic material in carp gills
Confirmation of CEV genetic material in carp gills

Fig. 4.

Confirmation of CEV genetic material in skin
Confirmation of CEV genetic material in skin

Fig. 5.

Confirmation of CEV genetic material in kidney
Confirmation of CEV genetic material in kidney

Fig. 6.

Confirmation of CEV genetic material in gills
Confirmation of CEV genetic material in gills

Fig. 7.

Confirmation of CEV genetic material in kidney
Confirmation of CEV genetic material in kidney

Fig. 8.

Confirmation of CEV genetic material in gills
Confirmation of CEV genetic material in gills

Fig. 9.

Confirmation of CEV genetic material in skin
Confirmation of CEV genetic material in skin

Fig. 10.

Confirmation of CEV genetic material in kidney
Confirmation of CEV genetic material in kidney

Fig. 11.

Maximum-likelihood tree constructed using the Tamura–Nei (TN93) model for the gene P4a sequences of carp oedema virus obtained from GenBank and the authors’ sequences (designated by “ORYG.”) with accession numbers OQ469756–OQ469771. Scale – substitution frequency
Maximum-likelihood tree constructed using the Tamura–Nei (TN93) model for the gene P4a sequences of carp oedema virus obtained from GenBank and the authors’ sequences (designated by “ORYG.”) with accession numbers OQ469756–OQ469771. Scale – substitution frequency

Primers used for the detection of the carp oedema virus P4a protein in a real-time PCR

Primer namePrimer sequenceReference
CEV qFor15′-AGTTTTGTAKATTGTAGCATTTCC-3′
CEV qRev15′-GATTCCTCAAGGAGTTDCAGTAAA-3′12
CEV qProbe15′-AGAGT TTGTTTCTTGCC ATACAAACT-3′

Summary of carp tissue samples (kidney, spleen, gills and skin) subjected to in situ hybridisation

Sample collection siteStudy materialSpeciesSymbol
Farm 2kidney, spleenCarp (Cyprinus carpio)DC1
Farm 2gills, skinCarp (Cyprinus carpio)DC1
Farm 2kidney, spleenCarp (Cyprinus carpio)DC2
Farm 2gills, skinCarp (Cyprinus carpio)DC2
Farm 2kidney, spleenCarp (Cyprinus carpio)DC4
Farm 2gills, skinCarp (Cyprinus carpio)DC4
Farm 2kidney, spleenCarp (Cyprinus carpio)DC7
Farm 2gills, skinCarp (Cyprinus carpio)DC7
Farm 2kidney, spleenCarp (Cyprinus carpio)DC8
Farm 2gills, skinCarp (Cyprinus carpio)DC8
Farm 2kidney, spleenCarp (Cyprinus carpio)DC9
Farm 2gills, skinCarp (Cyprinus carpio)DC9
Farm 9kidney, spleenCarp (Cyprinus carpio)9SK
Farm 9gills, skinCarp (Cyprinus carpio)9SK

List of positive samples in carp obtained from kidney, spleen, gills and skin using in situ hybridisation

Sample collection siteCodeKidneySpleenGillsSkin
GR 2DC1++
GR 2DC2+++
GR 2DC4+
GR 2DC7++
GR 2DC8++
GR 2DC9++
GR 99SK+++

Carp oedema virus–positive samples in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) detected using real-time PCR

No.Sample codeSample collection siteThreshold cycle
1DC 4Farm 236.67
2DC 7Farm 228.26
3DC 8Farm 224.44
4DC 9Farm 223.47
5DC 10Farm 225.08
6DC 11Farm 224.55
7DC12Farm 224.82
8DC 5Farm 528.2

Primers used for the detection of the carp oedema virus P4a protein in conventional and nested PCRs

Primer namePrimer sequenceProduct size (base pairs)Reference
CEV qFor15′-ATGGAGTATCCAAAGTACTTAG-3′528
CEV for B
CEV rev J5′-CTCTTCACTATTGTGACTTTG-3′52812
CEV for B - int5′-GTTATCAATGAAATTTGTGTATTG-3′478
CEV rev J - int5′-TAGCAAAGTACTACCTCATCC-3′478

Composition of the PCR mixture used for detection of the carp oedema virus P4a protein in a second nested PCR

Deionised water (PCR grade)GoTaq G2 Green Master MixForward primerReverse primerTemplate DNA
6.5 mL12.5 mL0.5 mL0.5 mL5 mL

Composition of the real-time PCR mixture for detection of carp oedema virus P4a protein

Distilled water (PCR grade)GoTaq G2 Green Master MixForward primerReverse primerTaqMan probeTemplate DNA
6.25 mL12.5 mL0.5 mL0.5 mL0.25 mL5 mL
Language: English
Page range: 63 - 72
Submitted on: Sep 25, 2023
Accepted on: Mar 11, 2024
Published on: Mar 23, 2024
Published by: National Veterinary Research Institute in Pulawy
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 4 times per year

© 2024 Natalia Adamkowska, Jolanta Kiełpińska, Sven Michael Bergmann, published by National Veterinary Research Institute in Pulawy
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.