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Molecular epidemiological characteristics and genetic evolutionary relationships of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus of different avian origins in Qingdao, China, using whole-genome sequencing Cover

Molecular epidemiological characteristics and genetic evolutionary relationships of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus of different avian origins in Qingdao, China, using whole-genome sequencing

Journal of Veterinary Research
Volume 67 (2023): Issue 2 (June 2023)
By: Zhen Xiao,  Zhina Qu,  Na Liu,  Juan Wang,  Jianmei Zhao,  Junhui Liu,  Lin Wang,  Xiumei Huang,  Qingqing Zhang,  Yubin Gao,  Junwei Wang,  Zhiyong Yu,  Jiajia Guan and  Huanqi Liu  
Open Access
|Jun 2023

Figures & Tables

Fig. 1.

Evolutionary tree of the core genome of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (n = 30) from different avian sources. From the outside to the inside, the order is ST type (light purple is ST9, green is ST398), spa type (yellow is t899, pink is t034 and dark grey is t1250), number of drug resistance genes, number of virulence genes, quantity, and source (red is from broilers, yellow is from layers and blue is from waterfowl)
Evolutionary tree of the core genome of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (n = 30) from different avian sources. From the outside to the inside, the order is ST type (light purple is ST9, green is ST398), spa type (yellow is t899, pink is t034 and dark grey is t1250), number of drug resistance genes, number of virulence genes, quantity, and source (red is from broilers, yellow is from layers and blue is from waterfowl)

Fig. 2.

Genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism locus difference analysis of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from: a – broiler sources; b – egg sources; c – waterfowl sources. Darker colour indicates more differential loci. SABQ – Staphylococcus aureus isolated from broilers; SAEQ – Staphylococcus aureus isolated from egg-layers; SAWQ – Staphylococcus aureus isolated from waterfowl
Genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism locus difference analysis of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from: a – broiler sources; b – egg sources; c – waterfowl sources. Darker colour indicates more differential loci. SABQ – Staphylococcus aureus isolated from broilers; SAEQ – Staphylococcus aureus isolated from egg-layers; SAWQ – Staphylococcus aureus isolated from waterfowl

Fig. 3.

Carriage rate (a) and number (b) of drug resistance genes in 30 strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus of different avian sources. EQ – layer source; WQ – waterfowl source; BQ – broiler source. Intensity of red in the left part of the figure represents carriage and 0.00–1.00 equates to 0–100% carriage
Carriage rate (a) and number (b) of drug resistance genes in 30 strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus of different avian sources. EQ – layer source; WQ – waterfowl source; BQ – broiler source. Intensity of red in the left part of the figure represents carriage and 0.00–1.00 equates to 0–100% carriage

Fig. 4.

Types and numbers of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus virulence genes of different avian origins
Types and numbers of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus virulence genes of different avian origins

Fig. 5.

Carriage rate (a) and number (b) of partial virulence genes in 30 strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from different avian sources. EQ –layer source; WQ – waterfowl source; BQ – broiler source. Intensity of blue in the left part of the figure represents carriage and 0.00–1.00 equates to 0–100% carriage
Carriage rate (a) and number (b) of partial virulence genes in 30 strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from different avian sources. EQ –layer source; WQ – waterfowl source; BQ – broiler source. Intensity of blue in the left part of the figure represents carriage and 0.00–1.00 equates to 0–100% carriage

Fig. 6.

Plasmid carriage of 30 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains from different poultry sources. EQ – layer source; WQ – waterfowl source and BQ – broiler source. Intensity of green represents carriage and 0.00–1.00 equates to 0–100% carriage
Plasmid carriage of 30 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains from different poultry sources. EQ – layer source; WQ – waterfowl source and BQ – broiler source. Intensity of green represents carriage and 0.00–1.00 equates to 0–100% carriage

Resistance rates of 102 methicillin-resistant (MRSA) strains of different avian origins to 18 antimicrobials

Drug ClassAntibacterial drugsMRSA (n = 102)P-valueOverall drug resistance rate
LayersBroilersWaterfowl
PenicillinPEN100%100%100%ns100%
OXA97.10%97.80%95.50%0.87 (ns)97.06%
QuinolonesENR100%100%100%ns100%
OFL100%100%100%ns100%
CephalosporinsCFX97.10%97.80%95.50%0.87 (ns)97.06%
FOX100%97.80%100%0.53 (ns)99.02%
SulfonamidesSF28.60%4.40%13.60%0.01**14.71%
SXT20.00%24.40%13.60%0.59 (ns)19.33%
MacrolidesERY100%100%100%ns100%
TIL100%100%100%ns100%
β-lactamase inhibitor classA/C77.10%95.60%68.20%0.009**77.45%
LincosamidesCLI100%100%100%ns100%
GlycopeptidesVAN0.00%0.00%0.00%ns0.00%
TetracyclineDOX2.80%11.11%0%0.18 (ns)4.63%
Amide alcoholsFFC100%100%100%ns100%
PleuromutilinTIA100%100%77.30%<0.001***95.10%
AminoglycosidesGEN100%100%90.90%0.04*98.04%
AzolidinonesLZD2.80%2.20%0.00%0.74 (ns)1.96%

Multi-locus sequence, staphylococcal protein A and staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) typing results of 102 different avian-derived methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains (number of strains/percentage %)

TypeST9-t899 (n = 97) ST9-t1939 (n = 2)ST398-t034 (n = 2) ST398-t1250 (n = 1)
SCCmec IIISCCmec IVbNot typedSCCmec IVbSCCmec IIISCCmec VSCCmec III
Layers10 (9.80)22 (21.57)2 (0.98)0000
Broilers5 (4.90)37 (36.27)02 (1.96)001 (0.98)
Waterfowl3 (2.94)13 (12.75)5 (4.90)01 (0.98)1 (0.98)0
Total17.65%70.59%6.86%1.96%0.98%0.98%0.98%
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2023-0035 | Journal eISSN: 2450-8608
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Language: English
Page range: 169 - 177
Submitted on: Nov 2, 2022
Accepted on: Jun 12, 2023
Published on: Jun 16, 2023
Published by: National Veterinary Research Institute in Pulawy
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 4 issues per year
Keywords:
MRSA,
poultry,
whole genome sequencing,
SNP
Related subjects:
Life sciences,
Molecular biology,
Microbiology and virology,
Life sciences, other,
Medicine,
Veterinary medicine

© 2023 Zhen Xiao, Zhina Qu, Na Liu, Juan Wang, Jianmei Zhao, Junhui Liu, Lin Wang, Xiumei Huang, Qingqing Zhang, Yubin Gao, Junwei Wang, Zhiyong Yu, Jiajia Guan, Huanqi Liu, published by National Veterinary Research Institute in Pulawy
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

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