Fig. 1.
Geographical distribution and number of cases of equine abortion in Poland 1999–2022 Brackets enclose the number of EHV-1 cases
Table 1.
Primers and probes used for detection of equine herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1), equine herpesvirus 4 (EHV-4) and equine arteritis virus (EAV) between 1999 and 2022
| Assay | Virus | Region | Primers / probes (5′ to 3′) | Size (bp) | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Forward: CATGTCAACGCACTCCCA | |||||
| EHV-1 | Reverse: GGGTCGGGCGTTTCTGT | 63 | |||
| gB | Probe: FAM-CCCTACGCTGCTCC-TAMRA | (9) | |||
| Forward: GGGCTATTGGATTACAGCGAGAT | |||||
| Quantitative PCRs | EHV-4 | Reverse: TAGAATCGGAGGGCGTGAAG | 58 | ||
| Probe: VIC-CAGCGCCGTAACCAG-TAMRA | |||||
| Forward: GGCGACAGCCTACAAGTCACA | |||||
| EAV | N | Reverse: CGGCATCTGCAGTGAGTGA | 204 | (4) | |
| Probe: FAM-TTGCGGACCCGCATCTGACCAA-TAMRA | |||||
| EHV-1/-4 | Forward: CTTGTGAGATCTAACCGCAC | ||||
| EHV-1 | gB | Reverse: GCGTTATAGCTATCACGTCC | 459 (EHV-1) | (13) | |
| Conventional PCRs | EHV-4 | Reverse: CCTGCATAATGACAGCAGTG | 942 (EHV-4) | ||
| EAV | N | Forward: TCGATGGCGTCAAGA | 395 | (7) | |
| Reverse: GGTTCCTGGGTGGCTAATAACTACTTCAAC |
Table 2.
The numbers and percentages of abortion associated with EHV-1, -4 and EAV infections between 1999 and 2022
| Perioda | EHV-1 | EHV-4 | EAV | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n/N | % | n/N | % | n/N | % | |
| 1999–2012 | 20/63 | 31.7 | 0/63 | 0.0 | 0/43 | 0.0 |
| 2013–2022 | 69/117 | 59.0 | 0/117 | 0.0 | 0/48 | 0.0 |
| All | 89/180 | 49.4 | 0/180 | 0.0 | 0/91 | 0.0 |
Fig. 2.
Numbers of abortion cases caused by EHV-1 in consecutive years between 1999 and 2022