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Highly pathogenic avian influenza H5Nx in Poland in 2020/2021: a descriptive epidemiological study of a large-scale epidemic Cover

Highly pathogenic avian influenza H5Nx in Poland in 2020/2021: a descriptive epidemiological study of a large-scale epidemic

Journal of Veterinary Research
Volume 66 (2022): Issue 1 (March 2022)
By: Krzysztof Śmietanka,  Edyta Świętoń,  Krzysztof Wyrostek,  Edyta Kozak,  Karolina Tarasiuk,  Natalia Styś-Fijoł,  Kamila Dziadek and  Krzysztof Niemczuk  
Open Access
|Mar 2022

Figures & Tables

Fig. 1

Number of HPAI outbreaks in poultry and wild birds in Poland in 2020/2021 by week of detection; an epidemiological event in wild birds can involve more than one positive bird found at the same site and time
Number of HPAI outbreaks in poultry and wild birds in Poland in 2020/2021 by week of detection; an epidemiological event in wild birds can involve more than one positive bird found at the same site and time

Fig. 2

Distribution of HPAI outbreaks in Poland in the 2020/2021 season. a) HPAI detections in poultry and wild birds during the first phase of the epidemic (end of November 2020–beginning of February 2021); b) HPAI in wild birds during the peak of detections in February–March 2021; c) detections in poultry, wild and captive birds since 1 March 2021; d) detections during the whole 2020/2021 season (24 November 2020–9 August 2021). White dots – outbreaks in commercial poultry; purple dots – outbreaks in non-commercial poultry holdings; black asterisks – H5N8 events in wild birds; yellow asterisks – H5N1 detections in wild birds; blue squares – detections in captive birds
Distribution of HPAI outbreaks in Poland in the 2020/2021 season. a) HPAI detections in poultry and wild birds during the first phase of the epidemic (end of November 2020–beginning of February 2021); b) HPAI in wild birds during the peak of detections in February–March 2021; c) detections in poultry, wild and captive birds since 1 March 2021; d) detections during the whole 2020/2021 season (24 November 2020–9 August 2021). White dots – outbreaks in commercial poultry; purple dots – outbreaks in non-commercial poultry holdings; black asterisks – H5N8 events in wild birds; yellow asterisks – H5N1 detections in wild birds; blue squares – detections in captive birds

Fig. 3

Phylogenetic tree of the HA gene of Polish H5Nx viruses. Selected sequences from Europe and Asia were also included in the analysis. For clarity, several clusters were compressed and the label indicates the origin of within-cluster sequences. Polish sequences located outside the compressed groups are marked with dots. Bootstrap percentages >70% are shown next to the branches
Phylogenetic tree of the HA gene of Polish H5Nx viruses. Selected sequences from Europe and Asia were also included in the analysis. For clarity, several clusters were compressed and the label indicates the origin of within-cluster sequences. Polish sequences located outside the compressed groups are marked with dots. Bootstrap percentages >70% are shown next to the branches

Number and type of flocks per species and production category tested between 24 November 2020 (date of the first outbreak) to 9 August 2021 (date of the last outbreak)

Poultry categoryType of surveillance
Total
Passive surveillanceContact holdingsActive surveillance
Laying hens2196022301
Broiler chickens8827234349
Broiler breeders132255162
Dual-chickens purpose3215653
Fattening turkeys17457157388
Turkey breeders1001
Fattening geese3742465
Geese breeders151218
Fattening duck10911203323
Duck breeders91616
Pheasants1001
Guinea fowl1214
Multi-species173121
Total8352066611702
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2022-0017 | Journal eISSN: 2450-8608
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Language: English
Page range: 1 - 7
Submitted on: Nov 12, 2021
Accepted on: Mar 10, 2022
Published on: Mar 25, 2022
Published by: National Veterinary Research Institute in Pulawy
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 4 issues per year
Keywords:
highly pathogenic avian influenza,
H5Nx,
poultry,
wild birds.
Related subjects:
Life sciences,
Molecular biology,
Microbiology and virology,
Life sciences, other,
Medicine,
Veterinary medicine

© 2022 Krzysztof Śmietanka, Edyta Świętoń, Krzysztof Wyrostek, Edyta Kozak, Karolina Tarasiuk, Natalia Styś-Fijoł, Kamila Dziadek, Krzysztof Niemczuk, published by National Veterinary Research Institute in Pulawy
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

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