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Estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) functions in the hypoxic injury of microglial cells Cover

Estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) functions in the hypoxic injury of microglial cells

Open Access
|Mar 2022

Figures & Tables

Fig. 1

The effects of CoCl2 on BV2 cell activity. Values represent the mean ± standard deviation for three independent experiments. **P < 0.01
The effects of CoCl2 on BV2 cell activity. Values represent the mean ± standard deviation for three independent experiments. **P < 0.01

Fig. 2

The effects of different CoCl2 treatment times on the expression of hypoxic inducible factors. The nucleus is indicated with blue fluorescence (4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole – DAPI) and the hypoxic-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α) protein is indicated with green fluorescence. Scale bar: 50 μm
The effects of different CoCl2 treatment times on the expression of hypoxic inducible factors. The nucleus is indicated with blue fluorescence (4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole – DAPI) and the hypoxic-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α) protein is indicated with green fluorescence. Scale bar: 50 μm

Fig. 3

Expression of ERRα in BV2 cells. A –Expression of ERRα in the control, and XCT790 groups; B –Expression of ERRα in the control and ERRα agonist groups. Values represent the mean ± standard deviation for three independent experiments. **P < 0.01
Expression of ERRα in BV2 cells. A –Expression of ERRα in the control, and XCT790 groups; B –Expression of ERRα in the control and ERRα agonist groups. Values represent the mean ± standard deviation for three independent experiments. **P < 0.01

Fig. 4

The changes in hypoxic-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α) mRNA levels in BV2 cells after corresponding treatments. Values represent the mean ± standard deviation for three independent experiments. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01
The changes in hypoxic-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α) mRNA levels in BV2 cells after corresponding treatments. Values represent the mean ± standard deviation for three independent experiments. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01

Fig. 5

Expression of Beclin1 and light chain 3 (LC3) in BV2 cells. A – Expression of Beclin1 in the control, XCT790, XCT790+CoCl2 and CoCl2 groups; B – The light chain (LC)3-II/LC3-I ratio in the control, XCT790, XCT790+CoCl2 and CoCl2 groups; C – Expression of Beclin1 in the control, oestrogen-related receptor alpha (ERRα) agonist, ERRα agonist+CoCl2 and CoCl2 groups; D – The LC3-II/LC3-I ratio in the control, ERRα agonist, ERRα agonist+CoCl2 and CoCl2 groups; E – The changes in p62 mRNA levels in BV2 cells after corresponding treatments. Values represent the mean ± standard deviation for three independent experiments. **P < 0.01
Expression of Beclin1 and light chain 3 (LC3) in BV2 cells. A – Expression of Beclin1 in the control, XCT790, XCT790+CoCl2 and CoCl2 groups; B – The light chain (LC)3-II/LC3-I ratio in the control, XCT790, XCT790+CoCl2 and CoCl2 groups; C – Expression of Beclin1 in the control, oestrogen-related receptor alpha (ERRα) agonist, ERRα agonist+CoCl2 and CoCl2 groups; D – The LC3-II/LC3-I ratio in the control, ERRα agonist, ERRα agonist+CoCl2 and CoCl2 groups; E – The changes in p62 mRNA levels in BV2 cells after corresponding treatments. Values represent the mean ± standard deviation for three independent experiments. **P < 0.01

Fig. 6

Expression of p65, p38 and inhibitor of nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells, alpha (IκB-α) in BV2 cells. A – The p-p65/p65 ratio in the control, XCT790, XCT790+CoCl2 and CoCl2 groups; B – The p-p38/p38 ratio in the control, XCT790, XCT790+CoCl2 and CoCl2 groups; C – Expression of IκB-α in the control, XCT790, XCT790+CoCl2 and CoCl2 groups; D – The p-p65/p65 ratio in the control, oestrogen-related receptor alpha (ERRα) agonist, ERRα agonist+CoCl2 and CoCl2 groups; E – The p-p38/p38 ratio in the control, ERRα agonist, ERRα agonist+CoCl2 and CoCl2 groups; F – Expression of IκB-α in the control, ERRα agonist, ERRα agonist+CoCl2 and CoCl2 groups. Values are expressed as means ± standard deviation. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01
Expression of p65, p38 and inhibitor of nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells, alpha (IκB-α) in BV2 cells. A – The p-p65/p65 ratio in the control, XCT790, XCT790+CoCl2 and CoCl2 groups; B – The p-p38/p38 ratio in the control, XCT790, XCT790+CoCl2 and CoCl2 groups; C – Expression of IκB-α in the control, XCT790, XCT790+CoCl2 and CoCl2 groups; D – The p-p65/p65 ratio in the control, oestrogen-related receptor alpha (ERRα) agonist, ERRα agonist+CoCl2 and CoCl2 groups; E – The p-p38/p38 ratio in the control, ERRα agonist, ERRα agonist+CoCl2 and CoCl2 groups; F – Expression of IκB-α in the control, ERRα agonist, ERRα agonist+CoCl2 and CoCl2 groups. Values are expressed as means ± standard deviation. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01

Fig. 7

The mRNA expression in BV2 cells after the corresponding treatments. A– Interleukin 6 (IL-6) mRNA; B – Tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) mRNA; C – p65 mRNA; D – Interleukin 4 (IL-4) mRNA; E – Interleukin 10 (IL-10) mRNA. Values represent the mean ± standard deviation for three independent experiments. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01
The mRNA expression in BV2 cells after the corresponding treatments. A– Interleukin 6 (IL-6) mRNA; B – Tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) mRNA; C – p65 mRNA; D – Interleukin 4 (IL-4) mRNA; E – Interleukin 10 (IL-10) mRNA. Values represent the mean ± standard deviation for three independent experiments. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01

Fig. 8

Expression of fibronectin type III domain containing protein 5 (FNDC5), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) in BV2 cells. A– Expression of FNDC5 in the control, XCT790, ERRα) agonist, XCT790+CoCl2, ERRα agonist+CoCl2 and CoCl2 groups; B– Expression of BDNF in the control, XCT790, XCT790+CoCl2 and CoCl2 groups; C– The p-ERK/ERK ratio in the control, XCT790, XCT790+CoCl2 and CoCl2 groups; D– Expression of BDNF in the control, ERRα agonist, ERRα agonist+CoCl2 and CoCl2 groups; E– The p-ERK/ERK ratio in the control, ERRα agonist, ERRα agonist+CoCl2 and CoCl2 groups. Values represent the mean ± standard deviation for three independent experiments. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01
Expression of fibronectin type III domain containing protein 5 (FNDC5), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) in BV2 cells. A– Expression of FNDC5 in the control, XCT790, ERRα) agonist, XCT790+CoCl2, ERRα agonist+CoCl2 and CoCl2 groups; B– Expression of BDNF in the control, XCT790, XCT790+CoCl2 and CoCl2 groups; C– The p-ERK/ERK ratio in the control, XCT790, XCT790+CoCl2 and CoCl2 groups; D– Expression of BDNF in the control, ERRα agonist, ERRα agonist+CoCl2 and CoCl2 groups; E– The p-ERK/ERK ratio in the control, ERRα agonist, ERRα agonist+CoCl2 and CoCl2 groups. Values represent the mean ± standard deviation for three independent experiments. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01

Fig. 9

Wound-healing assay of BV2 cells (400×). Values represent the mean ± standard deviation for three independent experiments. ERRα – oestrogen-related receptor alpha; *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01
Wound-healing assay of BV2 cells (400×). Values represent the mean ± standard deviation for three independent experiments. ERRα – oestrogen-related receptor alpha; *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01

Primary and secondary antibodies used for Western blotting

AntibodyDilutionCatalogue number
Beclin11:1,00011306-1-AP
LC31:1,00014600-1-AP
BDNF1:1,00028205-1-AP
FNDC51:1,00023995-1-AP
p-p651:1,00019771-1-AP
p651:2,00010745-1-AP
Primaryp-p381:1,00019771-1-AP
p381:1,00014064-1-AP
IκB-α1:1,00010268-1-AP
P-ERK1/21:1,0009101
ERK1/21:1,0004695S
ERRα1:1,00013826
Tubulin1:15,00011224-1-AP
β-actin1:15,00060008-1-lg
HRP-conjugated Affinipure Goat Anti-Mouse IgG (H+L)1:8,000SA00001-1
SecondaryHRP-conjugated Affinipure Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L)1:8,000SA00001-2

Primers used for protein amplification

ProteinForward primerReverse primer
IL-45ʹ-GGTCTCAACCCCCAGCTAGT-3ʹ5ʹ-GCCGATGATCTCTCTCAAGTGAT-3ʹ
IL-105ʹ-GCTCTTACTGACTGGCATGAG-3′5′-CGCAGCTCTAGGAGCAT GTG-3′
IL-65ʹ-CCGGAGAGGAGACTTCACAG-3′5′-GGAAAT TGGGGTAGGAAGGA-3′
TNF-α5ʹ-TACTGAACTTCGGGGTGAT TGGTCC-3ʹ5ʹ-CAGCCTTGTCCCTTGAAGAGAAC-3ʹ
P655ʹ-GTATTGCTG TGCCTACCCGAAAC-3ʹ5ʹ-GTTTGAGATCTGCCCTGATGGTAA-3ʹ
P625'-GTTATGGCGTCGTTCACGGT-3′5′-TCACAATGGTGGAGGGTGC-3′
HIF-1 α5ʹ-GATGGGTTATGAGCCGGAAGA-3ʹ5ʹ-CTGTGGCTGGGAGTTCTTC G-3ʹ
β-actin5ʹ-CGTTGACATCCGTAAAGACC-3′5′-AACAGTCCGC CTAGAAGCAC-3′
Language: English
Page range: 131 - 140
Submitted on: Jul 17, 2021
Accepted on: Feb 15, 2022
Published on: Mar 10, 2022
Published by: National Veterinary Research Institute in Pulawy
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 4 issues per year

© 2022 Chao-Yang Deng, Ting-Ting Zhu, Shuai Lian, Jian-Fa Wang, Rui Wu, Jia-San Zheng, published by National Veterinary Research Institute in Pulawy
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.