Fig. 1
Map of the state of Jalisco, Mexico, indicating the three municipalities (Arandas, San Miguel el Alto, and Tepatitlán de Morelos) included in this study
Table 1
Contribution of the total number of samples by municipality
| Municipality | Number of samples | Percentage of the total sample size |
|---|---|---|
| Tepatitlán de Morelos | 230 | 69 |
| Arandas | 55 | 17 |
| San Miguel el Alto | 47 | 14 |
| TOTAL | 332 | 100 |
Table 2
Type of tissue sampled which showed typical BTb lesions
| Type of tissue | Number of samples with lesions | % |
|---|---|---|
| Lymph nodes | ||
| Maxillary | 2 | 2.9 |
| Retropharyngeal | 18 | 26.4 |
| Mediastinal | 22 | 32.4 |
| Lung | 3 | 4.4 |
| Liver | 1 | 1.5 |
| Multiple tissue lesions | ||
| retropharyngeal and maxillary | 1 | 1.5 |
| retropharyngeal and mediastinal | 9 | 13.2 |
| retropharyngeal and lung | 3 | 4.4 |
| retropharyngeal, mediastinal and lung | 4 | 5.9 |
| maxillary and mediastinal | 1 | 1.5 |
| mediastinal and lung | 4 | 5.9 |
| TOTAL | 68 | 100 |
Table 3
Prevalence of BTb by municipality as confirmed by positive isolation of M. bovis in culture
| Municipality | Positive cases | Negative cases | Total animals sampled | Regional prevalence | Total prevalence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tepatitlán de Morelos | 33 | 197 | 230 | 14.3 | 9.9 |
| San Miguel el Alto | 9 | 38 | 47 | 19.1 | 2.7 |
| Arandas | 8 | 47 | 55 | 14.5 | 2.4 |
| TOTAL | 50 | 282 | 332 |
Table 4
Spoligotype patterns obtained for isolates of M. bovis from the region of Altos Sur in Jalisco, Mexico. The total number of isolates per spoligotype is in parentheses
|
Fig. 2
Spoligoforest including all the M. bovis spoligotypes obtained from Holstein cattle in the region of Altos Sur of Jalisco, Mexico. The size of each node is an increasing function of the number of isolates (i.e., the cluster size); edges between nodes reflect evolutionary relationships between spoligotypes with arrowheads pointing to descendants
Fig. 3
Distribution of M. bovis spoligotypes by municipality in the region of Altos Sur of Jalisco. The total number of isolates per spoligotype is in parentheses
Fig. 4
Evolutionary analysis by maximum likelihood using as input the concatenated SNP sequences from WGS of 34 M. bovis isolates from three municipalities of the region Altos Sur of Jalisco, Mexico: (T) Tepatitlán de Morelos, (A) Arandas, and (M) San Miguel el Alto. The tree is rooted to the reference M. bovis AF2122/97 (accession number NC_002945.4)
Table 5
Genetic diversity within the three major clades obtained by WGS of M. bovis isolates from the region of Altos Sur in Jalisco, Mexico
| Clade | Isolates | Spoligotypes | Municipalities |
|---|---|---|---|
| I | 16 | SB0673, SB0971, NF | Tepatitlán de Morelos, Arandas, San Miguel el Alto |
| II | 8 | SB0130, SB0145, SB1758, SB1216, SB0872 | Tepatitlán de Morelos, Arandas, San Miguel el Alto |
| III | 10 | SB0121, SB1177 | Tepatitlán de Morelos, Arandas, San Miguel el Alto |
Fig. 5
Maximum likelihood phylogenetic reconstruction of the whole-genome SNP sequences of 196 M. bovis isolates from Mexico (Altos Sur isolates are in red)