Plasma metabolic characterisation of dairy cows with inactive ovaries and oestrus during the peak of lactation

Song, Yu-Xi; Hu, Pan; Bai, Yun-Long; Zhao, Chang; Xia, Cheng; Xu, Chuang

Plasma metabolic characterisation of dairy cows with inactive ovaries and oestrus during the peak of lactation

Journal of Veterinary Research

Volume 63 (2019): Issue 3 (September 2019)

By:

Yu-Xi Song, Pan Hu, Yun-Long Bai, Chang Zhao, Cheng Xia and Chuang Xu

Open Access

|Sep 2019

Figures & Tables

The TIC (total ion count) of the QC (quality control) samples from the IO (inactive ovary cow) and E (oestrous cow) groups by LC–MS; A – ESI+ (positive ion of electrospray ionisation) mode; B – ESI− (negative ion of electrospray ionisation) mode

PCA score plot based on LC–MS spectra of plasma of dairy cows obtained from the E (oestrous cow) and IO (inactive ovary cow) groups

The OPLS-DA score plot (a) and permutations test plot (b) based on LC–MS spectra of plasma of dairy cows obtained from the E (oestrous cow) and IO (inactive ovary cow) groups

Pathway analysis of differential plasma metabolites in a – ESI+ (positive ion of electrospray ionisation); and b – ESI− (negative ion of electrospray ionisation) modes between the E (oestrous cow) and IO (inactive ovary cow) groups in LC–MS analysis. The sizes of the bubbles are proportional to the impact of each pathway, with colour denoting the significance from the highest in red to the lowest in white

Summarised pathways of differential metabolites from the IO (inactive ovary cow) and E (oestrous cow) groups. Down-regulation and up-regulation refer to the IO group compared to the E group. The pathways of differential metabolites were from the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes database (http://www.kegg.jp) and the MetaboAnalyst 3.0 web server (http://www.metaboanalyst.ca)

Clinical data in two groups of cow samples at 50 to 60 d postpartum for LC–MS detection and for ELISA validation

Parameters	Cow samples for LC–MS detection		Cow samples for ELISA validation
Parameters
	E	IO	E	IO
No.	16	16	16	16
Age	3.58 ± 1.40	3.07 ± 1.26	3.29 ± 0.34	3.23 ± 0.55
Parity	2.27 ± 1.16	1.88 ± 1.09	1.91 ± 0.28	1.86 ± 0.55
BCS	2.88 ± 0.29	2.69 ± 0.23^*	2.84 ± 0.23	2.66 ± 0.21^*
MY (Kg/d)	33.56 ± 4.48	34.68 ± 5.00	33.37 ± 4.48	34.90 ± 4.64
Glu (mmol/L)	3.40 ± 0.34	3.36 ± 0.38	3.53 ± 0.51	3.39 ± 0.39
NEFA (mmol/L)	0.21 ± 0.05	0.32 ± 0.12^**	0.21 ± 0.08	0.30 ± 0.13^*
BHBA (mmol/L)	0.53 ± 0.21	0.63 ± 0.18	0.54 ± 0.17	0.60 ± 0.28

Differential plasma metabolites of IO cows and normal E cows screened by LC–MS

No.	Metabolites	mzmed	rtmed	VIP value	P value	FC	Mode
1	Tyramine	120.0801	203.3150	1.0774	0.0078	1.3528	ESI+
2	Betaine	118.0855	288.9015	1.3930	0.0013	1.4872	ESI+
3	L-phenylalanine	166.0855	203.3220	1.0598	0.0099	1.3254	ESI+
4	L-glutamate	148.0594	508.3525	1.7459	0.0059	1.5415	ESI+
5	N6,N6,N6-trimethyl-L-lysine	189.1587	802.7070	1.5786	0.0003	1.4007	ESI+
6	D-proline	116.0703	315.4230	1.4542	0.0007	1.2543	ESI+
7	L-pyroglutamic acid	130.0490	508.3120	1.4025	0.0050	1.2130	ESI+
8	Cholic acid	391.2832	46.9290	1.8280	0.0003	0.6327	ESI+
9	p-chlorophenylalanine	200.0463	243.4400	1.2859	0.0024	0.7587	ESI+
10	L-phenylalanine	164.0719	203.9900	1.2468	0.0144	1.4683	ESI−
11	L-citrulline	349.1815	485.9170	1.1153	0.0177	1.6022	ESI−
12	L-glutamate	146.0457	510.6010	1.8904	0.0085	1.4992	ESI−
13	γ-L-glutamyl-L-valine	245.1133	468.3435	1.6628	0.0038	1.5038	ESI−
14	Arachidic acid	311.2936	50.1280	1.5495	0.0431	0.6241	ESI−
15	L-leucine	130.0878	219.6660	1.4373	0.0073	1.4759	ESI−
16	L-valine	116.0717	290.1260	1.5806	0.0032	1.5261	ESI−
17	L-pyroglutamic acid	128.0356	281.0020	1.9003	0.0025	1.6062	ESI−
18	L-isoleucine	130.0877	240.2465	1.7346	0.0010	1.6988	ESI−
19	L-alanine	88.0408	388.2320	1.9019	0.0000	1.3377	ESI−
20	D-proline	114.0560	315.8370	1.9989	0.0003	1.3718	ESI−
21	Cytidine	302.0975	208.5070	1.1421	0.0218	1.3280	ESI−
22	Creatine	261.1303	388.7810	1.5459	0.0008	1.6097	ESI−
23	Phenylacetylglycine	192.0663	103.3500	1.7514	0.0001	1.7482	ESI−
24	α-N-phenylacetyl-L-glutamine	385.1378	103.4960	1.6689	0.0003	1.8358	ESI−

The ELISA validation of 5 differential metabolites between normal oestrous cows and inactive ovary cows

Parameters	E	IO
No.	16	16
Cholic acid, pmol/L	59.85 ± 11.56	52.75 ± 11.88
D-proline, ng/mL	37.84 ± 5.06	41.53 ± 5.14^*
L-alanine, ng/mL	91.44 ± 7.24	97.52 ± 7.12^*
L-glutamate, ng/mL	22.50 ± 3.60	24.07 ± 2.72
L-pyroglutamic acid, ng/mL	3.23 ± 0.52	3.60 ± 0.48^*

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2019-0047 | Journal eISSN: 2450-8608

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Language: English

Page range: 359 - 367

Submitted on: Feb 1, 2019

Accepted on: Jul 16, 2019

Published on: Sep 13, 2019

Published by: National Veterinary Research Institute in Pulawy

In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

Publication frequency: 4 times per year

Keywords:

dairy cows,

metabolites,

inactive ovary,

liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry

Related subjects:

Life sciences,

Molecular biology,

Microbiology and virology,

Life sciences, other,

Medicine,

Veterinary medicine

© 2019 Yu-Xi Song, Pan Hu, Yun-Long Bai, Chang Zhao, Cheng Xia, Chuang Xu, published by National Veterinary Research Institute in Pulawy
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

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Plasma metabolic characterisation of dairy cows with inactive ovaries and oestrus during the peak of lactation

Figures & Tables

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

Fig. 5

Clinical data in two groups of cow samples at 50 to 60 d postpartum for LC–MS detection and for ELISA validation

Differential plasma metabolites of IO cows and normal E cows screened by LC–MS

The ELISA validation of 5 differential metabolites between normal oestrous cows and inactive ovary cows

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