Table 1
Results of MDA level, SOD activity, p53 and caspase 3 expression, and number of apoptotic and necrotic neuronal cells
| Parameters | Control | 0.0208 mg/kg b.w. of carbofuran | 0.0417 mg/kg b.w. of carbofuran |
|---|---|---|---|
| Malondialdehyde (nm/mg) | 23.63 ± 10.56 a | 28.26 ± 10.33 ab | 35.76 ± 6.41 b |
| Superoxide dismutase activity (%) | 59.91 ± 18.46 a | 35.77 ± 4.31 b | 34.23 ± 6.91 b |
| p53 expression | 39.04 ± 6.44 a | 54.75 ± 6.67 b | 57.28 ± 9.61 b |
| Caspase 3 expression | 25.44 ± 2.74 a | 40.08 ± 6.68 b | 44.13 ± 7.21 b |
| Neuronal apoptotic cell | 49.13 ± 7.02 a | 64.15 ± 8.08 b | 71.60 ± 7.83 b |
| Neuronal necrotic cell | 5.53 ± 3.03 a | 9.91 ± 4.94 ab | 13.27 ± 7.87 b |
[i] Values in a row for each parameter with different letters are significantly different from each other at P < 0.05
Fig. 1
Embryonic cerebral cortex neuron p53 expression in 6–15-day-old foetuses gestated by carbofuran-exposed mice (400×). Brown cells (marked by arrows) indicate p53-expressing neuronal cells
a – p53 expression in the embryonic cerebral cortex (yellow box), b – control group, c – lower-dose group (0.0208 mg/kg b.w.), d – higher-dose group (0.0417 mg/kg b.w.)
Fig. 2
Embryonic cerebral cortex neuronal cell caspase 3 expression examined in 6–15-day-old foetuses gestated by CF-exposed mice. Arrows mark neuronal cells expressing caspase 3
a – caspase 3 expression located in the embryonic cerebral cortex (yellow box), b– control group, c – lower-dose group (0.0208 mg/kg b.w.), d – higher-dose group (0.0417 mg/kg b.w.)
Fig. 3
Embryonic cerebral cortex neuron apoptosis examined in 6–15-day-old foetuses gestated by CF-exposed mice. Arrows mark apoptotic neurons (dark brownish cells)
a – apoptotic neurons located in the embryonic cerebral cortex (yellow box), b – control group, c – lower-dose group (0.0208 mg/kg b.w.), d – higher-dose group (0.0417 mg/kg b.w.)
Fig. 4
Embryonic neuron necrosis in 6–15-day-old foetuses gestated by CF-exposed mice. Neurons undergoing necrosis (marked by arrows) are shrunken and have solid pyknotic nuclei and eosinophilic cytoplasm
a – necrotic neurons located in the embryonic cerebral cortex (yellow box), b – control group, c – lower-dose group (0.0208 mg/kg b.w.), d – higher-dose group (0.0417 mg/kg b.w.)