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Indicator Candidate Traits for Autonomous Fruit Set Ability Under High Temperatures in Capsicum Cover

Indicator Candidate Traits for Autonomous Fruit Set Ability Under High Temperatures in Capsicum

Journal of Horticultural Research
Volume 30 (2022): Issue 2 (December 2022)
By: Akira Yamazaki,  Ao Takezawa,  Ryohei Nakano,  Kazusa Nishimura,  Ko Motoki,  Munetaka Hosokawa and  Tetsuya Nakazaki  
Open Access
|Jan 2023

Figures & Tables

Figure 1

Air temperatures in the greenhouse during the high-temperature period for screening (A) and the moderate-temperature period (B). Air temperature during confirmation survey in the incubator (C). The line graph and the left Y-axis represent air temperature in the greenhouse. Red, green, and blue lines and circle, triangle, and square points mean highest, average, and lowest temperature on the day, respectively. Bars represent number of hours with temperature above 35 °C
Air temperatures in the greenhouse during the high-temperature period for screening (A) and the moderate-temperature period (B). Air temperature during confirmation survey in the incubator (C). The line graph and the left Y-axis represent air temperature in the greenhouse. Red, green, and blue lines and circle, triangle, and square points mean highest, average, and lowest temperature on the day, respectively. Bars represent number of hours with temperature above 35 °C

Figure 2

Correlation analysis between traits of C. annuum cultivars grown in the greenhouse under high-temperature conditions (A) and moderate-temperature conditions (B). The numbers in the figure show the correlation coefficient (r value) between two traits. Red and blue colors indicate positive and negative correlations, respectively. The deeper the color, the larger the absolute value of the correlation coefficient. The asterisks indicate significant correlations (p < 0.05). Trait observed: FS – fruit set; PG – pollen germination; PV – pollen viability; PN – pollen number; AL – anther length; SL – style length; AS – anthesis stage
Correlation analysis between traits of C. annuum cultivars grown in the greenhouse under high-temperature conditions (A) and moderate-temperature conditions (B). The numbers in the figure show the correlation coefficient (r value) between two traits. Red and blue colors indicate positive and negative correlations, respectively. The deeper the color, the larger the absolute value of the correlation coefficient. The asterisks indicate significant correlations (p < 0.05). Trait observed: FS – fruit set; PG – pollen germination; PV – pollen viability; PN – pollen number; AL – anther length; SL – style length; AS – anthesis stage

Figure 3

Difference in fruit set under high-temperature conditions of plants grown at the high-temperature period: (A) ‘Takanotsume’ and (B) ‘Peruvian Purple’. The photos were taken on August 30, 2020. The brown ruler shows 30 cm
Difference in fruit set under high-temperature conditions of plants grown at the high-temperature period: (A) ‘Takanotsume’ and (B) ‘Peruvian Purple’. The photos were taken on August 30, 2020. The brown ruler shows 30 cm

Figure 4

Germination of pollen of plants grown in the high-temperature incubator (A). Incubation temperatures were 25 °C, 30 °C, 35 °C, and 40 °C. The asterisks indicate 5% level of significance obtained with t-test. (B), (C), (D), and (E) show pollen tube elongations in the pistils of ‘Takanotsume’ pollinated by ‘Takanotsume’ (B) and ‘Takanotsume’ pollinated by ‘Murasaki’ (C). Pollen tube elongations in the pistils of ‘Murasaki’ pollinated by ‘Takanotsume’ (D) and ‘Murasaki’ pollinated by ‘Murasaki’ (E). Scale bars are 1 mm in (B) and (C), and 500 μm in (D) and (E)
Germination of pollen of plants grown in the high-temperature incubator (A). Incubation temperatures were 25 °C, 30 °C, 35 °C, and 40 °C. The asterisks indicate 5% level of significance obtained with t-test. (B), (C), (D), and (E) show pollen tube elongations in the pistils of ‘Takanotsume’ pollinated by ‘Takanotsume’ (B) and ‘Takanotsume’ pollinated by ‘Murasaki’ (C). Pollen tube elongations in the pistils of ‘Murasaki’ pollinated by ‘Takanotsume’ (D) and ‘Murasaki’ pollinated by ‘Murasaki’ (E). Scale bars are 1 mm in (B) and (C), and 500 μm in (D) and (E)

Capsicum cultivars used for screening of autonomous fruit set ability under high temperatures in the greenhouse

CultivarSpeciesNumber of individualsCultivar type
‘Takanotsume’C. annuum8pungent
‘Nikko’C. annuum9pungent
‘Furu-pi-yellow’C. annuum11nonpungent
‘Furu-pi-red’C. annuum11nonpungent
‘Onikis Red’C. annuum5ornamental
‘Colorful Mix’C. annuum4ornamental
‘Uchu Cream Red’C. annuum5ornamental
‘Goshiki Kyokko’C. annuum5ornamental
‘Shima Togarashi’C. frutescens4pungent
‘Bishop's Crown’C. baccatum5ornamental
‘Sy-2’C. chinense3pungent
‘No. 3686’C. chinense3pungent
F1 hybrid of ‘Sy-2’ × ‘No. 3686’C. chinense3pungent

Reproductive and vegetative trait parameters under high and moderate temperatures under cultivation in the greenhouse

CultivarPollen number (×103)Pollen viability (%)Pollen germination (%)Fruit set (%)
TemperatureHighModerateH/MHighHighModerateH/MHighModerateH/M
‘Takanotsume’28.9±11.3 b19.5±3.1 ac1.487.7±7.9 a6.5±4.2 ab7.1±3.3 a0.9157.7±20.6 a32.2±15.7 a1.79
‘Nikko’29.9±8.0 b13.8±.6.6 bcd2.172.8±2.8 a1.6±1.1 bc1.4±0.7 a1.1418.2±10.3 bc19.7±14.4 a0.92
‘Furu-pi-yellow’55.5±15.7 a41.4±24.4 a1.340.5±0.7 a1.7±2.0 bc2.9±2.0 a0.6125.5±17.7 b36.3±15.8 a0.70
‘Furu-pi-red’51.5±13.8 a38.2±11.5 acd1.357.4±14.2 a0.6±0.9 c1.0±0.8 a0.607.7±8.5 c28.3±9.0 a0.27
‘Onikis Red’26.2±5.3 b--9.6±7.1 a1.4±1.3 bc0.5±0.6 a2.749.2±9.5 bc18.7±14.0 a0.49
‘Colorful Mix’35.8±13.5 ab--8.6±7.7 a0.4±0.4 bc0.8±1.1 a0.577.3±4.7 bc15.4±10.4 a0.47
‘Uchu Cream Red’23.0±16.7 b--14.9±10.6 a0.4±0.3 bc1.6±0.8 a0.254.4±6.7 bc3.5±3.8 a1.25
‘Goshiki Kyokko’23.0±9.5 b--6.3±8.6 a6.3±4.7 ac3.2±1.7 a1.9752.2±14.2 a33.3±12.8 a1.57
‘Shima Togarashi’21.5±12.6 b--11.7±7.0 a12.5±8.0 a6.9±5.0 a1.831.5±2.9 bc16.5±13.0 a0.09
‘Bishop's Crown’38.4±8.6 ab45.6±15.0 ab0.842.2±2.6 a3.8±3.1 bc16.1±7.0 a0.240.0±0.0 c20.9±6.8 a0.00
‘Sy-2’20.7±9.5 b9.0±2.7 def2.305.2±1.5 a3.3±1.6 bc6.2±3.1 a0.530.0±0.0 bc--
‘No.3686’10.0±5.3 b5.0±2.0 f2.006.4±7.2 a3.5±4.8 bc6.4±2.8 a0.550.0±0.0 bc--
F1 hybrid10.7±4.0 b4.7±2.7 ef2.2815.0±3.4 a6.1±3.0 ac5.9±2.9 a1.027.9±8.0 bc31.2±6.4 a0.25

Percentage of fruit set and pollen germination rate in the confirmation survey on plants grown in a stable high temperature in the incubator

Cultivation placeCultivarFruit set (%)Pollen germination (%)
Greenhouse‘Takanotsume’22.9 ± 6.0z17.1 ± 9.7
‘Peruvian Purple’0.0 ± 0.01.8 ± 0.7
p-value0.063y0.25y
Incubator‘Takanotsume’16,717,3
‘Murasaki’2,84,0
p-value0.15x<0.001y
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/johr-2022-0017 | Journal eISSN: 2353-3978 | Journal ISSN: 2300-5009
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Language: English
Page range: 105 - 116
Submitted on: Jul 1, 2022
Accepted on: Nov 1, 2022
Published on: Jan 5, 2023
Published by: National Institute of Horticultural Research
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 2 issues per year
Keywords:
chili pepper,
fruit set,
greenhouse cultivation,
heat stress,
ornamental pepper,
pollen germination,
sweet pepper
Related subjects:
Life sciences,
Biotechnology,
Plant science,
Ecology,
Life sciences, other

© 2023 Akira Yamazaki, Ao Takezawa, Ryohei Nakano, Kazusa Nishimura, Ko Motoki, Munetaka Hosokawa, Tetsuya Nakazaki, published by National Institute of Horticultural Research
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

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