Lepidoptera species occurring on vegetable crops in Poland
| Species | Number of generations | Risk period | Preferred host plants |
|---|---|---|---|
| Epermeniidae | |||
| Epermenia (Calotripis) chaerophyllella (Goeze, 1783) | 2–3 | VI–VII | carrot, celery |
| Depressariidae | |||
| Agonopterix heracliana (Linnaeus, 1758) | 1 | VII–VIII | carrot, parsnip |
| Agonopterix nervosa (Haworth, 1811) | 1 | VII–VIII | dill, carrot, parsley, celery |
| Depressaria depressana (Fabricius, 1775) | 2 | VII–VIII | carrot, parsnip |
| Agonopterix rotundella (Douglas, 1843) | 1–2 | VII–VIII | carrot |
| Gelechiidae | |||
| Aproaerema anthyllidella (Hübner, 1813) | 2 | VI–VII | broad bean |
| Monochroa rumicetella (O. Hofmann, 1868) | 2 | VI–VII | sorrel |
| Geometridae | |||
| Timandra comae (Schmidt, 1931) | 2 | VI–VII | sorrel |
| Gracillariidae | |||
| Phyllonorycter insignitella (Zeller, 1846) | 2–3 | VI–VII | broad bean |
| Calybites phasianipennella (Hübner, 1813) | 2–3 | VI–VIII | sorrel |
| Hepialidae | |||
| Hepialus humuli (Linnaeus, 1758) | 1 | VII–VIII | rhubarb, sorrel |
| Nepticulidae | |||
| Enteucha acetosae (Stainton, 1854) | 3 | VI–VIII | sorrel |
| Erebidae | |||
| Spilosoma lubricipeda (Linnaeus, 1758) | 1–2 | VI–IX | Brassica vegetables, rhubarb, sorrel |
| Arctia caja (Linnaeus, 1758) | 1 | VI–VII | tomato, lettuce |
| Lymantriidae | |||
| Orgyia (Orgyia) antiqua (Linnaeus, 1758) | 2–3 | VI | sweet corn |
| Noctuidae | |||
| Trachea atriplicis (Linnaeus, 1758) | 2 | VII–VIII | Brassica vegetables, rhubarb, sorrel |
| Xylena (Xylena) vetusta (Hübner, 1813) | 2 | VI–VII | sweet corn |
| Autographa gamma (Linnaeus, 1858) | 2 | VI–VIII | Brassica vegetables, broad bean, red beet, pumpkin, bean, peas, artichoke, sweet corn, carrot, eggplant, cucumber, pepper, parsley, tomato, rhubarb, lettuce, scorzonera, sorrel, spinach |
| Gortyna flavago (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) | 2 | V–VI | root and leaf red beet, tomato, rhubarb, sorrel |
| Hydraecia micacea (Esper, 1789) | 2 | V–VI | tomato, rhubarb, sorrel |
| Lacanobia (Diataraxia) oleracea (Linnaeus, 1758) | 2 | VI–VII | Brassica vegetables, red beet, onion, garlic, artichoke, eggplant, pepper, tomato, lettuce, scorzonera, spinach |
| Anarta (Calocestra) trifolii (Hufnagel, 1766) syn. Discestra trifolii (Hufn.) | 2 | VI, VIII | Brassica vegetables, red beet, onion, peas, artichoke, eggplant, pepper, tomato, lettuce, scorzonera, spinach |
| Ceramica pisi (Linnaeus, 1758) | 1–2 | VI | peas, carrot |
| Mamestra brassicae (Linnaeus, 1758) | 2 | VI, VIII | Brassica vegetables, red beet, onion, peas, artichoke, eggplant, pepper, tomato, rhubarb, lettuce, scorzonera, sorrel, spinach |
| Melanchra persicariae (Linnaeus, 1761) | 2 | VI, VIII | Brassica vegetables, red beet, peas, carrot, eggplant, pepper, tomato, spinach |
| Lacanobia (Dianobia) suasa (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) | 2 | VI, VIII–IX | Brassica vegetables, red beet, peas, carrot, tomato, carrot, parsley, spinach |
| Polia hepatica (Clerck, 1759) | 1–2 | VII–IX | sorrel |
| Acronicta (Viminia) rumicis (Linnaeus, 1758) | 2 | VI–VIII | Brassica vegetables, red beet, sweet corn, carrot, rhubarb, sorrel, spinach |
| Agrotis segetum (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) | various vegetable crops | ||
| Agrotis exclamationis (Linnaeus, 1758) | 1–2 | VI, VIII | as above |
| Agrotis ipsilon (Hufnagel, 1766) | 1–2 | VI, VIII | as above |
| Axylia putris (Linnaeus, 1761) | 1–2 | VI, VIII | as above |
| Diarsia rubi (Vieweg, 1790) | 1–2 | VI, VIII | as above |
| Euxoa tritici (Linnaeus, 1761) | 1–2 | VI, VIII | as above |
| Noctua pronuba (Linnaeus, 1758) | 1–2 | VI, VIII | as above |
| Ochropleura plecta (Linnaeus, 1761) | 1–2 | VI, VIII | as above |
| Xestia (Megasema) c-nigrum (Linnaeus, 1758) | 1–2 | VI, VIII | as above |
| Simyra albovenosa (Goeze, 1781) | 2–3 | VI–IX | sweet corn |
| Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner, 1808) | ? | ? | sweet corn |
| Nymphalidae | |||
| Vanessa cardui (Linnaeus, 1758) | 1–2 | VI | beans |
| Papilionidae | |||
| Papilio machaon Linnaeus, 1758) | 1–2 | VI, VIII | dill, carrot, parsley |
| Pieridae | |||
| Pieris brassicae (Linnaeus, 1758) | 2 | VII–VIII | Brassica vegetables |
| Pieris rapae (Linnaeus, 1758) | 2 | VII–IX | as above |
| Pieris napi (Linnaeus, 1758) | 2 | VII–VIII | as above |
| Pontia daplidice (Linnaeus, 1758) | 2 | VIII–IX | as above |
| Pyralidae | |||
| Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner, 1796) | 1 | VI–VIII | sweet corn, pepper |
| Loxostege sticticalis (Linnaeus, 1761) | 1–3 | VI–IX | red beet, beans, onion, sweet corn, carrot |
| Sitochroa palealis (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) | 2 | VI–VIII | carrot |
| Evergestis extimalis (Linnaeus, 1763) | 2 | VI–VIII | Brassica vegetables |
| Evergestis forficalis (Linnaeus, 1758) | 2 | VI–VIII | Brassica vegetables |
| Tortricidae | |||
| Cnephasia stephensiana (Doubleday, 1848) | 2 | V–VIII | Brassica vegetables, broad bean, red beet, beans, sweet corn, peas, carrot, rhubarb, lettuce, sorrel |
| Cnephasia communana (Herrich-Schäffer, 1851) | 1 | VI–VII | broad bean, beans, peas |
| Cnephasia asseclana (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) | 2 | VI–VIII | Brassica vegetables, broad bean, red beet, beans, peas, rhubarb, spinach, sorrel |
| Cnephasia incertana (Treitschke, 1835) | 2 | VI–VIII | Brassica vegetables, broad bean, red beet, pumpkin, peas, lettuce, carrot, cucumber, rhubarb, sorrel |
| Eucosma conterminana (Guenée, 1845) | 2 | VII–VIII | lettuce |
| Epinotia nigricana (Herrich-Schäffer, 1851) | 1 | V–VII | broad bean, peas |
| Grapholita (Grapholita) nebritana (Treitschke, 1830) | 2–3 | VI–VII | peas, lentils |
| Dichrorampha petiverella (Linnaeus, 175) | 2 | VI–VII | peas, lentils |
| Acrolepiidae | |||
| Acrolepiopsis assectella (Zeller, 1839) | 2 | VI–VII | onion, garlic, leek |
| Plutellidae | |||
| Plutella (Plutella) xylostella (Linnaeus, 1758) | 3 | IV–X | Brassica vegetables |
Lepidoptera species occurring on sweet corn (Zea mays L_)
| Species | Frequency of occurrence |
|---|---|
| Lymantriidae | |
| Orgyia (Orgyia) antiqua (L.) | C |
| Noctuidae | |
| Autographa gamma (L.) | B |
| Lacanobia (Diataraxia) oleracea (L.) | C |
| Xylena (Xylena) vetusta (Hbn.) | C |
| Acronicta (Viminia) rumicis (L.) | C |
| Simyra albovenosa (Goeze) | C |
| Helicoverpa armigera (Hbn.) | C |
| Pyralidae | |
| Ostrinia nubilalis (Hbn.) | A |
| Loxostege sticticalis (L.) | C |
| Tortricidae | |
| Cnephasia stephensiana (Doub.) | B |
| Soil root pests* | C |
Lepidoptera species registered on legume vegetables (Fabaceae)
| Species | Frequency of occurrence | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| pea | broad bean | bean | lentil | |
| Gelechiidae | ||||
| Aproaerema anthyllidella (Hbn.) | C | |||
| Gracillariidae | ||||
| Phyllonorycter insignitella (Zell.) | C | |||
| Noctuidae | ||||
| Autographa gamma (L.) | C | C | C | |
| Anarta (Calocestra) trifolii (Hufn.) | C | |||
| Lacanobia (Dianobia) suasa (Denis & Schiff.) | C | |||
| Ceramica pisi (L.) | B | C | ||
| Mamestra brassicae (L.) | C | |||
| Melanchra persicariae (L.) | C | |||
| Nymphalidae | ||||
| Vanessa cardui (L.) | C | |||
| Pyralidae | ||||
| Loxostege sticticalis (L.) | C | |||
| Tortricidae | ||||
| Epinotia nigricana (H.-Sch.) syn. Laspeyresia nigricana (Steph.) | A | C | ||
| Dichrorampha petiverella (L.) syn. Laspeyresia dorsana (J.Fabr.) | C | C | ||
| Grapholita (Grapholita) nebritana (Treit.) | C | C | ||
| Cnephasia communana (H.-Sch.) syn. Cnephasia wahlbomiana (L.) | C | C | C | |
| Cnephasia asseclana (Denis & Schiff.) | C | C | C | |
| Cnephasia incertana (Trait.) | C | C | C | C |
| Cnephasia stephensiana (Doub.) | B | C | C | |
| Soil root pests* | C | C | C | C |
Lepidoptera species occurring on knotweed vegetables (Polygonaceae)
| Species | Frequency of occurrence | |
|---|---|---|
| rhubarb | sorrel | |
| Gelechiidae | ||
| Monochroa rumicetella (Hofm.) | C | |
| Geometridae | ||
| Timandra comae Schmidt | C | |
| Gracillariidae | ||
| Calybites phasianipennella (Hbn.) | C | |
| Hepialidae | ||
| Hepialus humuli (L.) | C | C |
| Nepticulidae | ||
| Enteucha acetosae (Staint.) | C | |
| Erebidae | ||
| Spilosoma lubricipeda (L.) | C | C |
| Noctuidae | ||
| Trachea atriplicis (L.) | C | C |
| Autographa gamma (L.) | B | |
| Gortyna flavago (Denis & Schiff.) | C | C |
| Hydraecia micacea (Esper) | A | C |
| Mamestra brassicae (L.) | B | C |
| Polia hepatica (Clerck) | C | C |
| Acronicta (Viminia) rumicis (L.) | B | B |
| Tortricidae | ||
| Cnephasia stephensiana (Doub.) | C | |
| Cnephasia asseclana (Denis & Schiff.) | C | |
| Cnephasia incertana (Tr.) | C | |
| Soil root pests* | B | C |
Lepidoptera species occurring on Apiaceae vegetables
| Species | Frequency of occurrence | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| carrot | parsley | celery | parsnip | dill | |
| Epermeniidae | |||||
| Epermenia (Calotripis) chaerophyllella (Goeze) | C | B | |||
| Depressariidae | |||||
| Agonopterix nervosa (Haw.) | B | C | C | B | |
| Depressaria (Depressaria) depressana (J.Fabr.) | C | C | |||
| Agonopterix heracliana (L.) | C | C | |||
| Agonopterix rotundella (Doug.) | C | ||||
| Noctuidae | |||||
| Autographa gamma (L.) | C | C | |||
| Lacanobia (Dianobia) suasa (Denis & Schiff.) | C | C | |||
| Melanchra persicariae (L.) | C | C | C | ||
| Ceramica pisi (L.) | C | C | |||
| Acronicta (Viminia) rumicis (L.) | C | ||||
| Papilionidae | |||||
| Papilio machaon (L.) | C | C | C | ||
| Pyralidae | |||||
| Loxostege sticticalis (L.) | C | ||||
| Sitochroa palealis (Denis & Schiff.) syn. Phlyctaenodes palealis (Denis & Schiff.) | C | ||||
| Tortricidae | |||||
| Cnephasia incertana (Treit.) | C | ||||
| Cnephasia stephensiana (Doub.) | C | ||||
| Soil root pests* | B | B | B | B | C |
Lepidoptera species occurring on Amaranth vegetables
| Species | Frequency of occurrence | |
|---|---|---|
| root and leaf beet | spinach | |
| Noctuidae | ||
| Autographa gamma (L.) | B | B |
| Mamestra brassicae (L.) | B | C |
| Lacanobia (Diataraxia) oleracea (L.) | C | C |
| Lacanobia (Dianobia) suasa (Denis & Schiff.) | C | C |
| Anarta (Calocestra) trifolii (Hufn.) | C | C |
| Melanchra persicariae (L.) | C | C |
| Acronicta (Viminia) rumicis (L.) | C | C |
| Gortyna flavago (Denis & Schiff.) | C | |
| Pyralidae | ||
| Loxostege sticticalis (L.) | C | |
| Tortricidae | ||
| Cnephasia asseclana (Denis & Schiff.) | C | C |
| Cnephasia incertana (Treit.) | C | |
| Cnephasia stephensiana (Doub.) | C | |
| Soil root pests* | B | C |
Lepidoptera species occurring on Asteraceae vegetables
| Species | Frequency of occurrence | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| lettuce | chicory | scorzonera | artichoke | |
| Erebidae | ||||
| Arctia caja (L.) | C | |||
| Noctuidae | ||||
| Autographa gamma (L.) | C | C | C | |
| Lacanobia (Diataraxia) oleracea (L.) | C | C | C | |
| Anarta (Calocestra) trifolii (Hufn.) | C | C | C | |
| Mamestra brassicae (L.) | B | C | C | |
| Autographa gamma (L.) | B | C | C | |
| Tortricidae | ||||
| Eucosma conterminana (Guinee) | A | |||
| Cnephasia incertana (Treit.) | C | |||
| Cnephasia stephensiana (Doub.) | C | |||
| Soil root pests* | B | C | B | C |
Harmful butterfly species recorded on vegetable crops in Poland
| Family | Number of species | |
|---|---|---|
| on vegetable crops | total in Poland* | |
| Epermeniidae – fringe-tufted moths | 1 | 12 |
| Depressariidae – depressariid moths | 4 | 63 |
| Gelechiidae – twirler moths or gelechiid moths | 2 + 1** | 200 |
| Geometridae – geometrid moths or measuring worms | 1 | 410 |
| Gracillariidae – leaf blotch miner moths | 2 | 111 |
| Hepialidae – ghost moths or swift moths | 1 | 6 |
| Nepticulidae – pygmy leafmining moths | 1 | 99 |
| Erebidae – tiger moths | 2 | 45 |
| Lymantriidae – tussock moths | 1 | 16 |
| Noctuidae – owlet moths | 24 | 477 |
| Nymphalidae – brushfooted butterflies | 1 | 75 |
| Papilionidae – swallowtails butterflies | 1 | 5 |
| Pieridae – yellow-white butterflies | 4 | 17 |
| Pyralidae – snout moths | 5 | 242 |
| Tortricidae – leaf rollers moths | 9 | 446 |
| Acrolepiidae – false diamondback moths | 1 | 8 |
| Plutellidae – diamondback moths | 1 | 7 |
Lepidoptera species occurring on Brassica vegetables
| Species | Frequency of occurrence | |
|---|---|---|
| leaf Brassica vegetables | root Brassica vegetables | |
| Erebidae | ||
| Spilosoma lubricipeda (L.) | C | |
| Noctuidae | ||
| Trachea atriplicis (L.) | C | C |
| Autographa gamma (L.) | A | A |
| Lacanobia (Diataraxia) oleracea (L.) | B | B |
| Lacanobia (Dianobia) suasa (Denis & Schiff.) syn. Mamestra dissimilis Knoch | B | C |
| Anarta (Calocestra) trifolii (Hufn.) | B | C |
| Mamestra brassicae (L.) | A | A |
| Melanchra persicariae (L.) | C | C |
| Acronicta (Viminia) rumicis (L.) | C | C |
| Pieridae | ||
| Pieris napi (L.) | C | C |
| Pieris brassicae (L.) | A | A |
| Pontia daplidice (L.) | C | C |
| Pontia rapae (L.) | A | A |
| Pyralidae | ||
| Evergestis forficalis (L.) | C | |
| Evergestis extimalis (Scop.) | C | |
| Tortricidae | ||
| Cnephasia stephensiana (Doub.) | C | |
| Cnephasia incertana (Treit.) | C | |
| Cnephasia asseclana (Denis & Schiff.) | C | |
| Plutellidae | ||
| Plutella (Plutella) xylostella (L.) | A | A |
| Soil root pests* | A | A |
Lepidoptera species occurring on nightshade vegetables (Solanaceae)
| Species | Frequency of occurrence | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| tomato | peppers | eggplant | |
| Gelechiidae | |||
| Tuta absoluta Povolny | B | ||
| Erebidae | |||
| Arctia caja (L.) | C | ||
| Noctuidae | |||
| Autographa gamma (L.) | B | B | B |
| Gortyna flavago (Denis & Schiff.) | B | ||
| Hydraecia micacea (Esp.) | B | ||
| Lacanobia (Diataraxia) oleracea (L.) | C | C | C |
| Anarta (Calocestra) trifolii (Hufn.) | C | C | C |
| Mamestra brassicae (L.) | C | B | C |
| Melanchra persicariae (L.) | C | C | C |
| Pyralidae | |||
| Ostrinia nubilalis (Hbn.) | C | ||
| Soil root pests* | C | C | C |
Lepidoptera species occurring on cucurbit vegetables (Cucurbitaceae)
| Species | Frequency of occurrence | |
|---|---|---|
| cucumber | pumpkin | |
| Noctuidae | ||
| Autographa gamma (L.) | C | C |
| Tortricidae | ||
| Cnephasia incertana (Treit.) | C | C |
| Soil root pests* | C | C |
Lepidoptera species occurring on bulbous vegetables
| Species | Frequency of occurrence | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| onion | garlic | leek | |
| Noctuidae | |||
| Lacanobia (Diataraxia) oleracea (L.) | C | ||
| Anarta (Calocestra) trifolii (Hufn.) | C | ||
| Pyralidae | |||
| Loxostege sticticalis (L.) | C | ||
| Acrolepiidae | |||
| Acrolepiopsis assectella (Zell.) | A | A | A |
| Soil root pests* | A | B | A |
Lepidoptera species occurring on asparaginous vegetables
| Species | Frequency of occurrence |
|---|---|
| Soil root pests* | A |
Species of cutworms (Noctuidae) occurring on vegetable crops
| Species | Frequency of occurrence |
|---|---|
| Agrotis exclamationis (L.) | A |
| Agrotis ipsilon (Hufn.) | A |
| Agrotis segetum (Denis & Schiff.) | A |
| Xestia (Megasema) c-nigrum (L.) | A |
| Noctua pronuba (L.) | A |
| Euxoa (Euxoa) tritici (L.) | C |
| Ochropleura plecta (L.) | C |
| Diarsia rubi (View.) | C |
| Axylia putris (L.) | C |