Investigating the discharge characteristics over a piano key weir with varying key slope and key width ratios under varying discharges

Iqbal, Mujahid; Ghani, Usman

doi:10.2478/johh-2024-0032

Abstract

The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of inlet to outlet key slope ratios (S_i/S_o), inlet to outlet key width ratios (W_i/W_o) and head over the weir on the coefficient of discharge (C_pkw) of type-A trapezoidal piano key weir (TPKW). It was observed that the C_pkw of TPKW was found to be decreased as the S_i/S_o ratio reduced. The percentage of reduction in C_pkw was found to be 18.5%, 16%, 13.7%, 9.4%, 6.3%, and 3% at S_i/S_o = 0.60, 0.75, 0.80, 1.00, 1.25, and 1.33, respectively in comparison with the S_i/S_o = 1.67. As far as the effect of W_i/W_o ratio on the C_pkw of TPKW is concerned, the C_pkw of TPKW was observed to be increased with increasing W_i/W_o ratios. Moreover, the C_pkw at W_i/W_o = 1.32 and W_i/W_o = 1.15 was found to be 9.4% and 7.5% higher than W_i/W_o=1 respectively, while for the case of W_i/W_o = 0.76, its value was found to be 3.3% lower than W_i/W_o = 1. Furthermore, the hydraulic efficiency of TPKW was found to be decreased as head over the weir increased. The maximum value of C_pkw of TPKW was observed to be 3.2 corresponding to lowest h/P ratio for the model having S_i/S_o = 1.67 and W_i/W_o = 1.32, while the minimum value of C_pkw of TPKW was found to be 1.58 corresponding to highest h/P ratio for the model having S_i/S_o = 0.60 and W_i/W_o = 0.76. Additionally, sensitivity analysis results revealed that the C_pkw of TPKW is more sensitive with h/P ratio than other ratios.

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Investigating the discharge characteristics over a piano key weir with varying key slope and key width ratios under varying discharges

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