References
- Bormann, K.J., Westra, S., Evans, J.P., McCabe, M.F., 2013. Spatial and temporal variability in seasonal snow density. Journal of Hydrology, 484, 63-73. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2013.01.032.10.1016/j.jhydrol.2013.01.032
- Brown, R., Armstrong, R.L., 2008. Snow cover data: Measurement, products and sources. In: Armstrong, R., Brun, E. (Eds.): Snow and Climate - Physical Processes, Surface Energy Exchange and Modelling. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, pp. 181-216.
- Chernous, P.A., Seliverstov, Y.G., Suchkov, V.E., 2015. Snow variability effect upon avalanching. Led i Sneg [Ice and Snow], 55, 2, 53-59. DOI: 10.15356/2076-6734-2015-2-53-59. (In Russian, with English summary.)10.15356/2076-6734-2015-2-53-59.(Russiansummary.
- Conger, S.M., McClung, D.M., 2009. Comparison of density cutters for snow profile observations. Journal of Glaciology, 55, 189, 163-169. DOI: 10.3189/002214309788609038.10.3189/002214309788609038
- Deems, J.S., Fassnacht, S.R., Elder, K.J., 2008. Interannual consistency in fractal snow height patterns at two Colorado mountain sites. Journal of Hydrometeorology, 9, 5, 977-988. DOI: 10.1175/2008JHM901.1.10.1175/2008JHM901.1
- Elder, K., Rosenthal, W., Davis, R.E., 1998. Estimating the spatial distribution of snow water equivalence in a montane watershed Hydrological Processes, 12, 10-11, 1793-1808. DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1085(199808/09)12:10/11<;1793::AIDHYP695>3.0.CO;2-K.10.1002/(SICI)1099-1085(199808/09)12:10/11<;1793::AIDHYP695>3.0.CO;2-
- Fassnacht, S.R., Heun, C.M., López-Moreno, J.I., Latron, J., 2010. Variability of snow density measurements in the Rio Esera Valley, Pyrenees Mountains, Spain. Cuadernos de Investigación Geográfica, 36, 1, 55-72. DOI: 10.18172/cig.1227.10.18172/cig.1227
- Fierz, C., Armstrong, R.L., Durand, Y., Etchevers, P., Greene, E., McClung, D.M., Nishimura, K., Satyawali, P.K., Sokratov S.A., 2009. The international classification for seasonal snow on the ground. (UNESCO, IHP-VII, IACS contribution No 1). Technical Documents in Hydrology No 83.
- UNESCO/Division of Water Sciences, Paris, 80 p.
- Grünewald, T., Stötter, J., Pomeroy, J.W., Dadic, R., Moreno, Baños, I., Marturià, J., Spross, M., Hopkinson, C., Burlando, P., Lehning, M., 2013. Statistical modelling of the snow height distribution in open Alpine terrain. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 17, 8, 3005-3021. DOI: 10.5194/hess-17-3005-2013.
- Hannula, H.-R., Lemmetyinen, J., Kontu, A., Derksen, Ch., Pulliainen, J., 2016. Spatial and temporal variation of bulk snow properties in northern boreal and tundra environments based on extensive field measurements. Geoscientific Instrumentation, Methods and Data Systems, 5, 2, 347-363. DOI: 10.5194/gi-5-347-2016.10.5194/gi-5-347-2016
- Holko, L., Sokratov, S.A., Shmakin, A.B., Kostka, Z., 2009. Simulation of snow water equivalent by mathematical models of different complexity. Materialy glyatsiologicheskikh issledovanii [Data on glaciological studies], 107, 72-80.
- Kronholm, K., Schneebeli, M., Schweizer, J., 2004. Spatial variability of micropenetration resistance in snow layers on a small slope. Annals of Glaciology, 38, 202-208. DOI: 10.3189/172756404781815257.10.3189/172756404781815257
- López-Moreno, J.I., Fassnacht, S.R., Heath, J.T., Musselman, K.N., Revuelto, J., Latron, J., Morán-Tejeda, E., Jonas, T., 2013. Small scale spatial variability of snow density and height over complex alpine terrain: Implications for estimating snow water equivalent. Advances in Water Resources, 55, 40-52. DOI: 10.1016/j.advwatres.2012.08.010.10.1016/j.advwatres.2012.08.010
- Mizukami, N., Perica, S., 2008. Spatiotemporal characteristics of snowpack density in the mountainous regions of the Western United States. Journal of Hydrometeorology, 9, 6, 1416-1426. DOI: 10.1175/2008JHM981.1.10.1175/2008JHM981.1
- Proksch, M., Rutter, N., Fierz, Ch., Schneebeli, M., 2016. Intercomparison of snow density measurements: bias, precision, and vertical resolution. The Cryosphere, 10, 1, 371-384. DOI: 10.5194/tc-10-371-2016.10.5194/tc-10-371-2016
- Rasmus, S., 2013. Spatial and temporal variability of snow bulk density and seasonal snow densification behavior in Finland. Geophysica, 49, 1-2, 53-74.
- Revuelto, J., López-Moreno, J.I., Azorin-Molina, C., Vicente- Serrano, S.M., 2014. Topographic control of snowpack distribution in a small catchment in the central Spanish Pyrenees: intra- and inter-annual persistence. The Cryosphere, 8, 5, 1989-2006. DOI: 10.5194/tc-8-1989-2014.10.5194/tc-8-1989-2014
- Schneebeli, M., Johnson, J.B., 1998. A constant-speed penetrometer for high-resolution snow stratigraphy. Annals of Glaciology, 26, 107-111. DOI: 10.3189/1998AoG26-1-107-111.10.3189/1998AoG26-1-107-111
- Singh, V.P., 2016. Handbook of Applied Hydrology. 2nd Ed. (Mechanical Engineering). McGraw-Hill Education, 1440 p.
- Sturm, M., Taras, B., Liston, G.E., Derksen, C., Jonas, T., Lea, T., 2010. Estimating snow water equivalent using snow height data and climate classes. Journal of Hydrometeorology, 11, 6, 1380-1394. DOI: 10.1175/2010JHM1202.1.10.1175/2010JHM1202.1
- Trujillo, E., Ramírez, J.A., Elder, K.J., 2007. Topographic, meteorologic, and canopy controls on the scaling characteristics of the spatial distribution of snow height fields. Water Resources Research, 43, 7, W07409. DOI: 10.1029/2006WR005317.10.1029/2006WR005317
- Zhong, X., Zhang, T., Wang, K., 2014. Snow density climatology across the former USSR. The Cryosphere, 8, 2, 785-799. DOI: 10.5194/tc-8-785-2014.10.5194/tc-8-785-2014