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Validation of non-empirical fat-free mass estimation model for a wrist-worn device

Journal of Electrical Bioimpedance
Volume 13 (2022): Issue 1 (January 2022)
By:
Open Access
|Jun 2022

Figures & Tables

Fig.1

Flow chart of the study participants included in the analysis.
Flow chart of the study participants included in the analysis.

Fig.2

The positions of the WIM electrodes on the left wrist and right hand during bioelectrical impedance measurement.
The positions of the WIM electrodes on the left wrist and right hand during bioelectrical impedance measurement.

Fig.3

The hand-to-hand bioelectrical impedance scheme of the TTC model.
The hand-to-hand bioelectrical impedance scheme of the TTC model.

Fig.4

Arm volume multiplied by TBM/FFM ratio approximates bioimpedance: (a) Approximation of InBody 230 arm impedance. (b) Approximation of real part of bioimpedance measured with WIM.
Arm volume multiplied by TBM/FFM ratio approximates bioimpedance: (a) Approximation of InBody 230 arm impedance. (b) Approximation of real part of bioimpedance measured with WIM.

Fig.5

(a) MAPE; (b) Coefficient of determination r2; (c) Maximal residual error. Distribution shapes were obtained during 100,000-sample bootstrap procedure. Bold lines show normal approximation curves; (d) The effect of sex and age variables on maximal residual error distribution for the single cylinder model.
(a) MAPE; (b) Coefficient of determination r2; (c) Maximal residual error. Distribution shapes were obtained during 100,000-sample bootstrap procedure. Bold lines show normal approximation curves; (d) The effect of sex and age variables on maximal residual error distribution for the single cylinder model.

Fig.6

Bland-Altman plots for WIM FFM estimate validation: (a) Single cylinder (SC) model: confidence intervals for the mean bias: (-0.874, 0.879) kg, for upper LOA: (4.380, 6.937) kg, for lower LOA: (-6.932, -4.375) kg; TTC model: for mean bias: (-0.920, 0.905) kg, for upper LOA: (4.547, 7.208) kg, for lower LOA: (-7.223, -4.562) kg. (b) Skinfold thickness calculations: confidence intervals for the mean bias: (-1.792, 0.955) kg, for upper LOA: (6.653, 10.651) kg, for lower LOA: (-11.488, -7.4918) kg.
Bland-Altman plots for WIM FFM estimate validation: (a) Single cylinder (SC) model: confidence intervals for the mean bias: (-0.874, 0.879) kg, for upper LOA: (4.380, 6.937) kg, for lower LOA: (-6.932, -4.375) kg; TTC model: for mean bias: (-0.920, 0.905) kg, for upper LOA: (4.547, 7.208) kg, for lower LOA: (-7.223, -4.562) kg. (b) Skinfold thickness calculations: confidence intervals for the mean bias: (-1.792, 0.955) kg, for upper LOA: (6.653, 10.651) kg, for lower LOA: (-11.488, -7.4918) kg.

Anthropometric, body composition and bioelectrical impedance data_

Mean ± STDRange
Age, years27.02 ± 10.218 - 56
TBM, kg69.56 ± 11.2945.83 - 100.95
Height, cm171.89 ± 8.86156.0 - 196.0
BMI, kg/m223.6 ± 3.9718.17 - 38.87
Total arms6109.06 ± 1505.043480.6 - 10970.2
volume, cm3
FFMDEXA, kg50.99 ± 10.9434.51 - 86.59
FMDEXA, %26.77 ± 9.348.32 - 48.39
Re(Z)10_a, Ohm633.13 ± 136.83366.43 - 1001.8
Re(Z)10_b, Ohm559.43 ± 169.3388.28 - 866.89
Re(Z)10_c, Ohm627.71 ± 133.16398.16 - 964.93
Re(Z)50_a, Ohm592.86 ± 134.54379.79 - 914.78
Re(Z)50_b, Ohm551.97 ± 160.0126.64 - 889.12
Re(Z)50_c, Ohm562.21 ± 138.21304.83 - 831.84
Re(Z)100_a, Ohm571.13 ± 133.97352.69 - 881.58
Re(Z)100_b, Ohm553.53 ± 141.96312.6 - 890.5
Re(Z)100_c, Ohm527.9 ± 134.54204.77 - 799.5

Linear regression metrics for FFM estimation: two models (SC and TTC) and nine experimental conditions

Frequency, kHzRight hand electrode positionSС model
TTC model
r2MAPEMax. err.r2MAPEMax. err.
10a0.656 ± 0.2090.076 ± 0.01615.732 ± 5.0760.679 ± 0.2110.075 ± 0.01714.404 ± 4.756
10b0.605 ± 0.4870.085 ± 0.02315.088 ± 6.3270.514 ± 0.370.096 ± 0.02217.862 ± 6.684
10c0.777 ± 0.1140.065 ± 0.01212.463 ± 4.2240.795 ± 0.1120.064 ± 0.01311.236 ± 3.888
50a0.763 ± 0.1190.064 ± 0.01412.493 ± 3.3570.774 ± 0.1250.062 ± 0.01412.16 ± 3.456
50b0.479 ± 0.3090.111 ± 0.30927.447 ± 24.0790.422 ± 0.3380.119 ± 0.33830.852 ± 25.537
50c0.876 ± 0.0540.051 ± 0.0098.623 ± 2.5960.886 ± 0.0510.052 ± 0.0096.884 ± 1.283
100a0.752 ± 0.1310.065 ± 0.01412.883 ± 3.5340.762 ± 0.140.064 ± 0.01512.595 ± 3.507
100b0.698 ± 0.1430.078 ± 0.01513.653 ± 3.7940.761 ± 0.1330.07 ± 0.01411.829 ± 2.888
100c0.482 ± 0.4230.086 ± 0.0220.076 ± 9.3760.435 ± 0.4610.094 ± 0.02120.44 ± 10.855
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/joeb-2022-0006 | Journal eISSN: 1891-5469
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Language: English
Page range: 31 - 38
Submitted on: Apr 8, 2022
Published on: Jun 25, 2022
Published by: University of Oslo
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 1 times per year
Keywords:
Bioelectrical impedance analysis,
fat free mass,
upper-body measurement,
multiple linear regression,
predictive modeling
Related subjects:
Engineering,
Bioengineering and biomedical engineering,
Biomedical electronics,
Life sciences,
Biophysics,
Medicine,
Biomedical engineering,
Physics,
Spectroscopy and metrology

© 2022 Aleksandr Polokhin, Anna Pronina, Andrey Boev, Stas Gorbunov, published by University of Oslo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

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