Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Comparative summary of studies proposing new cutoff points for the BMI for the classification of overweight/obesity in men and women_
| Reference | Country | n | BMI cutoff points Men (kg/m2) | BMI cutoff points Women (kg/m2) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Deurenberg-Yap et al. (2000) | Singapore | 291 | 26.0 to 27.0 | 26.0 to 27.0 |
| Frankenfield et al. (2001) | US | 141 | 22.6 | 20.1 |
| Ko et al. (2001) | China | 5153 | 23.0 – 26.0 | 23.0 – 26.0 |
| Dudeja et al. (2001) | India | 123 | 21.5 | 19.0 |
| Oh et al. (2004) | Korea | 773915 | 25.0 | 25.0 |
| Kagawa et al. (2006) | Japan | 139 | - | 23.0 |
| Bozkirli et al. (2007) | Turkey | 909 | 28.24 | 28.02 |
| Romero-Corral et al. (2008) | US | 13601 | 25.8 | 25.5 |
| Laughton et al. (2009) | Canada | 77 | 22.1 | 22.1 |
| Mialich et al. (2011) | Brazil | 200 | 21.84 – 26.11 | 22.0 – 25.3 |
| Gupta and Kapoor (2012) | India | 578 | 22.9 – 28.8 | 22.9 – 28.8 |
| Gómez-Ambrozi et al. (2012) | Spain | 6123 | 29.0 | 27.0 |
| Laurson et al. (2011) | US | 8268 | 83rd percentile | 80th percentile |
| Mialich et al. (2014) | Brazil | 501 | 28.38 | 25.24 |
| PRESENT STUDY | Brazil | 1301 | 27.15 | 27.03 |
Correspondence between the cutoff points of the BMI (kg/m2) and body fat ranges (%) according to Gallagher et al (2000)_
| Fat mass (%) | BMI (kg/2) | Total | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| < 18.5 | 18.5 – 24.9 | 25 – 29.9 | ≥ 30.0 | ||
| Men (%) | |||||
| < 8 | 3.1 (12) | 4.6 (18) | 0.5 (2) | 0 (0) | 8.3 (32) |
| 8–20 | 3.9 (15) | 29.3 (113) | 11.6 (45) | 1.8 (7) | 46.6 (180) |
| 20 – 25 | 0.5 (2) | 6.7 (26) | 10.1 (39) | 2.8 (11) | 20.2 (78) |
| > 25 | 0.3 (1) | 4.4 (17) | 10.4 (40) | 9.8 (38) | 24.8 (96) |
| Total | 7.8 (30) | 45.0 (174) | 32.6 (126) | 14.5 (56) | 100 (386) |
| Women (%) | |||||
| < 21 | 4.9 (45) | 7.3 (67) | 0.1 (1) | 0 (0) | 12.3 (113) |
| 21 – 33 | 2.5 (23) | 39.9 (365) | 5.2 (48) | 0.7 (7) | 48.4 (443) |
| 33– 39 | 0 (0) | 5.3 (49) | 10.5 (96) | 2.8 (26) | 18.7 (171) |
| ≥ 39 | 0 (0) | 1.0 (9) | 6.4 (59) | 13.1 (120) | 20.5 (188) |
| Total | 7.4 (68) | 53.5 (490) | 22.3 (204) | 16.7 (153) | 100 (915) |
Anthropometric and body composition characterization of the study sample_
| Variable | Total | Males | Females | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 1301 | 386 | 915 | 0.3033 |
| Age (years) | 35.7±17.6 | 36.5±17.6 | 35.4±17.6 | <0.0001 Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation and the p value was calculated by the Student t-test, with p< 0.05 indicating a statistically significant difference between males and females |
| Weight (kg) | 67.6±16.0 | 75.8±15.9 | 64.2±14.8 | <0.0001* |
| Height (cm) | 164.9±9.5 | 173.9±8.2 | 161.1±7.1 | 0.5471 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.9±5.5 | 25.0±4.6 | 24.8±5.8 | <0.0001 Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation and the p value was calculated by the Student t-test, with p< 0.05 indicating a statistically significant difference between males and females |
| Total FM (%) | 27.6±10.0 | 19.4±7.6 | 31.0±8.8 | <0.0001 Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation and the p value was calculated by the Student t-test, with p< 0.05 indicating a statistically significant difference between males and females |
| Left arm FM (kg) | 28.6±11.9 | 20.0±11.6 | 32.3±10.0 | <0.0001 Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation and the p value was calculated by the Student t-test, with p< 0.05 indicating a statistically significant difference between males and females |
| Right armFM (kg) | 27.4±10.8 | 18.5±6.4 | 31.2±10.1 | <0.0001 Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation and the p value was calculated by the Student t-test, with p< 0.05 indicating a statistically significant difference between males and females |
| Right leg FM (kg) | 30.8±11.5 | 17.7±7.6 | 36.3±7.9 | <0.0001 Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation and the p value was calculated by the Student t-test, with p< 0.05 indicating a statistically significant difference between males and females |
| Left leg FM (kg) | 30.6±10.9 | 18.5±7.6 | 35.7±7.6 | <0.0001 Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation and the p value was calculated by the Student t-test, with p< 0.05 indicating a statistically significant difference between males and females |
| Trunk FM | 25.2±10.1 | 20.5±8.7 | 27.3±9.9 | <0.0001 Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation and the p value was calculated by the Student t-test, with p< 0.05 indicating a statistically significant difference between males and females |
| Total FFM (kg) | 45.8±10.2 | 57.3±9.8 | 41.0±5.3 | <0.0001 Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation and the p value was calculated by the Student t-test, with p< 0.05 indicating a statistically significant difference between males and females |
| Left arm FFM (%) | 2.4±0.8 | 3.2±0.7 | 2.0±0.4 | <0.0001 Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation and the p value was calculated by the Student t-test, with p< 0.05 indicating a statistically significant difference between males and females |
| Right arm FFM (%) | 2.4±0.7 | 3.2±0.7 | 2.0±0.4 | <0.0001 Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation and the p value was calculated by the Student t-test, with p< 0.05 indicating a statistically significant difference between males and females |
| Right leg FFM (%) | 7.8±1.9 | 9.9±1.9 | 6.9±1.0 | <0.0001 Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation and the p value was calculated by the Student t-test, with p< 0.05 indicating a statistically significant difference between males and females |
| Left leg FFM (%) | 7.6±1.8 | 9.7±1.8 | 6.8±0.9 | <0.0001 Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation and the p value was calculated by the Student t-test, with p< 0.05 indicating a statistically significant difference between males and females |
| Trunk FFM | 25.6±5.4 | 31.1±5.6 | 23.2±3.1 | <0.0001 Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation and the p value was calculated by the Student t-test, with p< 0.05 indicating a statistically significant difference between males and females |
| TBW (%) | 52.8±7.5 | 57.7±7.2 | 50.7±6.6 | <0.0001 Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation and the p value was calculated by the Student t-test, with p< 0.05 indicating a statistically significant difference between males and females |