References
- 1. Cooper D, Landenson P. The thyroid gland. In: Gardner D, Shoback D, ed. Greenspan’s Basic & Clinical Endocrinology. 10th ed. McGraw-Hill Education, 2017; p. 171-239.
- 2. Kahaly G, Bartalena L, Hegedüs L, Leenhardt L, Poppe K, Pearce S. 2018 European Thyroid Association Guideline for the Management of Graves’ Hyperthyroidism. Eur Thyroid J. 2018;7:167-186.10.1159/000490384
- 3. Cipolla C, Graceffa G, Calamia S, et al. The value of total thyroidectomy as the definitive treatment for Graves’ disease: A single centre experience of 594 cases. J Clin Transl Endocrinol. 2019;16:100-183.10.1016/j.jcte.2019.100183
- 4. Akmal A, Kung J. Propylthiouracil, and methimazole, and carbimazole-related hepatotoxicity. Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2014;13:1397-1406.10.1517/14740338.2014.953796
- 5. Karras S, Memi E, Kintiraki E, Krassas G. Pathogenesis of propylthiouracil-related hepatotoxicity in children: present concepts. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2012;25:623-630.10.1515/jpem-2012-0059
- 6. Nakamura H, Noh J, Itoh K, Fukata S, Miyauchi A, Hamada N. Comparison of Methimazole and Propylthiouracil in Patients with Hyperthyroidism Caused by Graves’ Disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2007;92:2157-2162.10.1210/jc.2006-2135
- 7. Wang M, Lee W, Huang T, Chu C, Hsieh C. Antithyroid drug-related hepatotoxicity in hyperthyroidism patients: a population-based cohort study. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2014;78:619-629.10.1111/bcp.12336
- 8. Rivkees S, Szarfman A. Dissimilar Hepatotoxicity Profiles of Propylthiouracil and Methimazole in Children. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2010;95:3260-3267.10.1210/jc.2009-2546
- 9. Oshima T, Maeda H, Takayashu T, et al. An autopsy case of sudden death due to hyperthyroidism. Nihon Hoigaku Zasshi. 1990;44:365-370.
- 10. Heidari R, Niknahad H, Jamshidzadeh A, Eghbal M, Abdoli N. An Overview on the Proposed Mechanisms of Antithyroid Drugs-Induced Liver Injury. Adv Pharm Bull. 2015;5:1-11.
- 11. Chen W, Zhu Z, Wang C, Chien M. Cholestasis and Acute Cholecystitis in Hyperthyroidism Treated With Methimazole. Int J Gerontol. 2009;3:248-250.10.1016/S1873-9598(10)70009-0
- 12. Tseng F, Chen Y, Chi Y, Chen P, Yang W. Serum levels of insulin-like growth factor 1 are negatively associated with log transformation of thyroid-stimulating hormone in Graves’ disease patients with hyperthyroidism or subjects with euthyroidism. Medicine (Baltimore). 2019;98:e14862.10.1097/MD.0000000000014862642655430882687
- 13. Mikhail N. Methimazole-induced Cholestatic Jaundice. South Med J. 2004;97:178-182.10.1097/01.SMJ.0000054690.98272.B114982270
- 14. Li X, Jin S, Fan Y, et al. Association of HLA-C*03:02 with methimazole-induced liver injury in Graves’ disease patients. Biomed Pharmacother. 2019;117:109095.10.1016/j.biopha.2019.10909531202168
- 15. Cooper D. Antithyroid Drugs. N Engl J Med. 2005;352:905-917.10.1056/NEJMra04297215745981
- 16. Chang L, Chang C, Chen P, et al. Thyrotropin receptor antibodies and a genetic hint in antithyroid drug-induced adverse drug reactions. Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2018;17:775-784.10.1080/14740338.2018.150274730067105
- 17. Heidari R, Ahmadi F, Rahimi H, et al. Exacerbated liver injury of antithyroid drugs in endotoxin-treated mice. Drug Chem Toxicol. 2018;42:615-623.10.1080/01480545.2018.145966829722569
- 18. Sundaresh V, Brito J, Thapa P, Bahn R, Stan M. Comparative Effectiveness of Treatment Choices for Graves’ Hyperthyroidism: A Historical Cohort Study. Thyroid. 2017;27:497-505.10.1089/thy.2016.0343538542928049375