Have a personal or library account? Click to login
Are Albanian Households Financially Fragile? Cover
By: Elona Dushku  
Open Access
|Mar 2026

References

  1. Albacete, N. and P. Fessler. 2010. Stress testing Austrian households. Financial Stability Report 19: 72–91.
  2. Ampudia, M., H. van Vlokhoven, and D. Żochowski. 2016. Financial fragility of euro area households. Journal of Financial Stability 27: 250–262.
  3. Anderloni, L., E. Bacchiocchi, and D. Vandone. 2012. Household financial vulnerability: An empirical analysis. Research in Economics 66 (3): 284–296.
  4. Anderloni, L. and D. Vandone. 2011. Risk of over-indebtedness and behavioral aspects. In Risk Tolerance in Financial Decision Making, edited by C. Lucarelli and G. Brighetti, 113–132. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
  5. Bankowska, K., J. Honkkila, S. Perez-Duarte, and L.-R. Lefebvre. 2017. Household vulnerability in the euro area. Paper presented at the IFC–National Bank of Belgium Workshop on Data Needs and Statistics Compilation for Macroprudential Analysis, Brussels, May 18–19.
  6. Białowolski, P. and D. Weziak-Białowolska. 2014. The index of household financial condition: Combining subjective and objective indicators—An appraisal of Italian households. Social Indicators Research 118 (1): 365–385.
  7. Brown, S. and K. Taylor. 2008. Household debt and financial assets: Evidence from Germany, Great Britain and the USA. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series A 171 (3): 615–643.
  8. Browning, M. and A. Lusardi. 1996. Household saving: Micro theories and micro facts. Journal of Economic Literature 34 (4): 1797–1855.
  9. Brunetti, M., S. Giarda, and C. Torricelli. 2016. Is financial fragility a matter of illiquidity? An appraisal for Italian households. Review of Income and Wealth 62 (4): 628–649. Campbell, J. Y. 2006. Household finance. Journal of Finance 61 (4): 1553–1604.
  10. Carroll, C. D. 1997. Buffer-stock saving and the life-cycle/permanent income hypothesis. Quarterly Journal of Economics 112 (1): 1–55.
  11. Chen, B., N. Zeng, and K.-P. Tam. 2024. Do social networks affect household financial vulnerability? Evidence from China. Finance Research Letters 59: 104710.
  12. Chetty, R. and A. Szeidl. 2007. Consumption commitments and risk preferences. Quarterly Journal of Economics 122 (2): 831–877.
  13. Chetty, R. and A. Szeidl. 2010. The effect of housing on portfolio choice. Working Paper No. 15998. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research.
  14. Chetty, R., S. Liska, and A. Szeidl. 2017. The effect of housing on portfolio choice. Journal of Finance 72 (3): 1171–1212.
  15. Clark, R. L., A. Lusardi, and O. S. Mitchell. 2020. Financial fragility during the COVID-19 pandemic. NBER Working Paper No. 28207. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research.
  16. Deaton, A. 1991. Saving and liquidity constraints. Econometrica 59 (5): 1221–1248.
  17. Deaton, A. 1992. Understanding Consumption. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  18. Deevy, M., J. L. Streeter, A. Hasler, and A. Lusardi. 2021. Financial Resilience in America. Stanford, CA: Stanford Center on Longevity.
  19. Demirgüç-Kunt, A. and L. Klapper. 2013. Measuring financial inclusion: Explaining variation in the use of financial services across and within countries. Brookings Papers on Economic Activity 2013 (1): 279–340.
  20. Dushku, E. and O. Cami. 2022. Albanian Household Wealth Survey (AHWS): Results of the First Wave. Bank of Albania Working Paper No. 1 (82). Tirana: Bank of Albania. Dushku, E. and A. Frasheri. 2021. Remittances and their impact on poverty: The case of Albania. BIS Bulletin No. 55.
  21. Enzinger, M., M. Koch, and A. Riedl. 2022. Financial vulnerabilities and debt at risk of CESEE borrowers: A cross-country analysis. Financial Stability Report 44: 25–44.
  22. Hasler, A. and A. Lusardi. 2019. Financial Fragility among Middle-Income Households: Evidence beyond Asset Building. Washington, DC: Global Financial Literacy Excellence Center.
  23. Hasler, A., A. Lusardi, and N. Oggero. 2018. Financial Fragility in the United States: Evidence and Implications. GFLEC Working Paper No. 2018-1. Washington, DC.
  24. Holló, D. and M. Papp. 2007. Assessing Household Credit Risk: Evidence from a Household Survey. MNB Occasional Papers No. 70. Budapest: Magyar Nemzeti Bank.
  25. Jappelli, T., M. Pagano, and M. Di Maggio. 2008. Households’ Indebtedness and Financial Fragility. CSEF Working Paper No. 208. Naples: University of Naples Federico II.
  26. Johansson, M. W. and M. Persson. 2006. Swedish Households’ Indebtedness and Ability to Pay: A Household-Level Study. Stockholm: Sveriges Riksbank.
  27. Kalluci, I. 2011. Analysis of the Albanian Banking System in a Risk–Performance Framework. Bank of Albania Working Paper No. 03 (206). Tirana: Bank of Albania.
  28. Leika, M. and D. Marchettini. 2017. A Generalized Framework for the Assessment of Household Financial Vulnerability. IMF Working Paper WP/17/228. Washington, DC: International Monetary Fund.
  29. Li, Q., D. Brounen, J. Li, and X. Wei. 2022. The effect of housing wealth on household portfolio choice. Annals of Economics and Finance 23 (2): 253–277.
  30. Lusardi, A. 2008. Household saving behavior: The role of financial literacy, information, and financial education programs. NBER Working Paper No. 13824. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research.
  31. Lusardi, A. and O. S. Mitchell. 2008. Planning and financial literacy: How do women fare? NBER Working Paper No. 13750. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research.
  32. Lusardi, A., D. J. Schneider, and P. Tufano. 2011. Financially fragile households: Evidence and implications. NBER Working Paper No. 17072. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research.
  33. Morduch, J. and R. Schneider. 2017. The Financial Diaries: How American Families Cope in a World of Uncertainty. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
  34. Rõõm, T. and J. Meriküll. 2017. The Financial Fragility of Estonian Households: Evidence from Stress Tests on HFCS Microdata. Bank of Estonia Working Paper No. 2017-4. Tallinn.
  35. Skiba, P. M. and J. Tobacman. 2009. Do payday loans cause bankruptcy? Journal of Law and Economics 62 (3): 485–519.
  36. Smythe, K. D. 1968. An approach to determining “safe” levels for family credit commitments. Journal of Consumer Affairs 2 (2): 167–181.
  37. Shijaku, G. and I. Kalluci. 2014. Determinants of Bank Credit to the Private Sector: The Case of Albania. Working Paper. Tirana: Bank of Albania.
  38. Shijaku, H. and K. Ceca. 2012. A Model for Credit Risk in Albania Using Banks’ Panel Data. Discussion Paper. Tirana: Bank of Albania.
  39. Worthington, A. C. 2006. Debt as a source of financial stress in Australian households. International Journal of Consumer Studies 30 (1): 2–15.
Language: English
Page range: 61 - 74
Published on: Mar 17, 2026
Published by: University of Sarajevo
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 3 issues per year

© 2026 Elona Dushku, published by University of Sarajevo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.