Fig. 1.
Fig. 2.
Colonization incidence density and MDRO between periods
| Post-SDD | Pre-SDD | RR (CI95%) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Colonization ID | 2,36 | 3,26 | 0.724 (0.467–1.117) | 0.127 |
| Colonization at admission ID | 1,73 | 1,95 | 0.884 (0.515–1.517) | 0.633 |
| Colonization during ICU stay ID | 0,63 | 1,31 | 0.486 (0.210–1.064) | 0.053 |
| Surveillance samples (n) | 1645 | 1831 | ||
| Positive samples (n) | 54 | 161 | ||
| Colonized patients (n) | 41 | 50 | ||
| MDRO (n) | 43 | 67 | ||
| Positive samples (%) | 3,28 | 8,79 | 0.37 (0.25–7.08) | <0.0001 |
| Colonized patients (%) | 2,67 | 2,88 | 0.92 (0.75–1.13) | 0.7064 |
| MDRO (%) | 2,41 | 3,32 | 0.71 (0.45–8.3) | 0.07 |
| MARSA (n) | 2 | 2 | ||
| Betalactamases (ESBLs) (n) | 31 | 23 | ||
| Carbapenemases (n) | 7 | 37 | ||
| Pseudomonas MDR | 2 | 3 | ||
| Acinetobacter spp MDR | 3 | 0 |
Baseline clinical characteristics of patients_
| Pre SDD (n=1532) | Post SDD (n=1734) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sex (M/F) (%) | 67.4/32.6 | 65.3/34.7 | 0.38 |
| Age (years); (Mean ± SD) | 61.5 ± 16.1 | 63.1 ± 15.5 | 0.135 |
| Diabetes (%) | 25.8 | 25.4 | 0.49 |
| Chronic kidney failure (%) | 11.4 | 11.3 | 0.5 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (%) | 11.8 | 11.5 | 0.48 |
| Cirrhosis (%) | 3.5 | 3.9 | 0.41 |
| Inmunocompromised (%) | 8.7 | 8.9 | 0.46 |
| APACHE II; (Mean ± SD) | 14.7 ± 9.4 | 15.7 ± 9.8 | 0.44 |
| SOFA admission; (Mean ± SD) | 6.7 ± 3.2 | 6.3 ± 4.1 | 0.81 |
| Admission Diagnosis (%) | |||
| Cardiological | 41.3 | 40.5 | |
| Medical | 38.9 | 41.5 | 0.75 |
| Surgical | 16.1 | 14.3 | |
| Trauma | 3.7 | 3.7 | |
| Septic Shock (%) | 5.2 | 6.1 | 0.08 |
| Use of vasoactive medication (%) | 42.1 | 43.7 | 0.35 |
| Non-invasive MV (%) | 8.3 | 8.7 | 0.40 |
| Invasive MV (%) | 20.4 | 19.5 | 0.30 |
| Enteral or parenteral nutritional support (%) | 25.2 | 23.4 | 0.42 |
| Renal replacement therapies (%) | 4.1 | 4.6 | 0.33 |
| Communitary infection (%) | 18.5 | 24.6 | 0.021* |
| Nosocomial ICU infection (%) | 4.5 | 3.8 | 0.16 |
| Nosocomial out of ICU infection (%) | 6.1 | 6.0 | 0.95 |
| Nosocomial infection from another hospital (%) | 1.4 | 1.2 | 0.50 |
| Length of MV (median, IQR) | 4.1 (2 – 8) | 4.5 (2 – 9) | 0.45 |
| Length of ICU stay (median, IQR) | 4.5 ± 7.6 | 4.1 ± 6.3 | 0.28 |
| Mortality rate (%) | 10.4 | 12.6 | 0.08 |
ENVIN type infections
| Infections | Pre-SDD (n=1532) | Post-SDD (n=1734) |
|---|---|---|
| Nosocomial infection ENVIN type (n) | 38 | 31 |
| Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) | 6 | 8 |
| Bacteremia (primary and CLABSI) | 11 | 2 |
| Primary bacteremia | 3 | 2 |
| Secondary bacteremia | 6 | 4 |
| Catheter associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) | 15 | 17 |