Patient’s demographic data, length of stay, SOFA Score, comorbid and serum creatinine kinase levels_ Values are shown as mean (SD) or median (interquartile range) and number (percentage)_
| Non-acute kidney | Acute kidney injury | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| injury (n=95) | (n=54) | ||
| Gender | |||
| Male | 74(77.9%) | 41(75.9%) | 0.783 |
| Female | 21(22.1%) | 13(24.1%) | |
| Ethnicity | |||
| Malay | 54(56.8%) | 26(48.1%) | |
| Chinese | 19(20.9%) | 14(25.9%) | 0.859 |
| Indian | 14(14.7%) | 9(16.7%) | |
| Others | 8(8.4%) | 5(9.3%) | |
| Age, Mean (SD) years | 43.3(18.6) | 46.8(15.5) | |
| <40 | 45(47.4%) | 20(37.0%) | |
| 41-60 | 31(32.6%) | 22(40.7%) | 0.238 |
| >61 | 19(20.0%) | 12(22.2%) | |
| Weight, kg | 70[63-80] | 80[70-86.8] | |
| <50 | 10(10.5%) | 0 | <0.001* |
| 51-70 | 25(26.3%) | 12(22.5%) | |
| >71 | 60(63.2%) | 42(77.8%) | |
| Length of Stay in ICU (days) | 5[2-8] | 5[3-11.25] | 0.210 |
| SOFA score, Mean (SD) | 5.8(3.7) | 10.7(4.3) | |
| ≤2 | 18(18.9%) | 2(3.7%) | <0.001* |
| >2 | 77(81.1%) | 52(96.3%) | |
| Comorbidities | |||
| Diabetes | 17(17.9%) | 17(31.5%) | 0.057 |
| Asthma | 7(7.4%) | 3(5.6%) | 0.748 |
| Hypertension | 21(22.1%) | 19(35.2%) | 0.083 |
| Creatinine kinase level on upon diagnosis of rhabdomyolysis | 2179[1246-4742] | 2065[796-7741] | 0.435 |
| Creatinine kinase level post-treatment | 1578[661-2374] | 2030[764-5548] | 0.048* |
| Time taken to reach the highest creatinine kinase (days) | 2[1-2] | 2[1-3] | 0.260 |
| Mortality | 4(4.2%) | 19(35.2%) | <0.001* |
Bivariate analysis of associated risk factors in Acute Kidney Injury development expressed as mean (SD), number (%), median [IQR] as appropriate_
| Risk factors | Non-acute kidney injury (n=95) | Acute kidney injury (n=54) | Odds raito | 95% CI | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lowe | Upper | |||||
| Weight >50 kg | 1.040 | 1.016 | 1.064 | <0.001 p less than 0.05 is significant | ||
| SOFA score (>2) | 1.372 | 1.223 | 1.539 | <0.001 p less than 0.05 is significant | ||
| Antipsychotics | 2 (2.1%) | 1 (1.9%) | 0.702 | |||
| Sepsis | 15 (15.8%) | 27 (50%) | 5.333 | 2.476 | 11.487 | <0.001 p less than 0.05 is significant |
| Prolonged Surgery | 17 (17.9%) | 8 (14.7%) | 0.658 | |||
| Trauma | 46 (48.4%) | 17 (31.5%) | 0.489 | 0.243 | 0.987 | 0.046 |
| Hyperthermia | 0 | 1 (1.9%) | 0.362 | |||
Multivariate logistic regression of risk factors developing Acute Kidney Injury in rhabdomyolysis patients_
| Variable | Odds raito | 95% CI | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lower | Upper | |||
| Weight (>50 kg) | 1.034 | 1.006 | 1.063 | 0.016 p less than 0.05 is significant |
| Sofa Score (>2) | 1.299 | 1.151 | 1.467 | <0.001 p less than 0.05 is significant |
| Sepsis | 2.475 | 0.978 | 6.261 | <0.05 p less than 0.05 is significant |