Table 1
Demographic and baseline characteristics of the patients
| Variables | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| PIVNL group (n=64) | PIV group (n=57) | ||
| Age (year) | |||
| Mean | 64.1±16.1 | 63.9±14.3 | |
| Range (min-max) | 20-86 | 20-87 | 0.950 |
| Gender | |||
| Male | 37 | 33 | |
| Female | 27 | 24 | 0.993 |
| Comorbidities | |||
| Hypertension, n (%) | 31 (48.4) | 26 (45.6) | 0.756 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 30 (46.8) | 27 (47.3) | 0.957 |
| Chronic lung diseases, n (%) | 16 (25) | 13 (22.8) | 0.778 |
| APACHE II Score (0-30) | |||
| Mean | 18±4.8 | 18.3±5.5 | |
| Range (min-max) | 10–30 | 8–30 | 0.727 |
| C-reactive protein (<10.0 mg/mL) | |||
| Mean | 161.7(112.8) | 139.2±105.3 | |
| Range (min-max) | 11.7–393.6 | 10.3–390.3 | 0.260 |
| Procalcitonin (<0.1 ng/mL) | |||
| Mean | 7.5(17.3) | 7.4±14.4 | |
| Range (min-max) | 0.2–114 | 0.1–68.5 | 0.976 |
| White blood cell (4-11 K/μL) | |||
| Mean | 19.2(7.3) | 18.9±7.3 | |
| Range (min-max) | 9.7–46.1 | 11.1–47.6 | 0.823 |
| Serum creatinine (0.8-1.4 mg/dL) | |||
| Mean | 1.6(0.5) | 1.5±0.5 | |
| Range (min-max) | 0.6–2.3 | 0.6–2.5 | 0.905 |
Table 2
Extubation, reintubation and hospitalisation time of the patients
| Group | Time to extubation, n (%) | p-value | ICU length-of-stay, n (%) | p-value | 21-day reintubation, n (%) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ≥4 weeks: nil | ≥4 weeks: 4 (6.25) | |||||
| PIVNL | ≥3 weeks: 1 (1.5) | ≥3 weeks: 7 (10.9) | ||||
| (n=64) | ≥2 weeks: 19 (29.7) | ≥2 weeks: 38 (59.4) | 8 (12.5) | |||
| ≥1 week: 40 (62.5) | ≥1 week: 14 (21.9) | |||||
| <1 week: 4 (6.3) | <1 week: 1 (1.6) | |||||
| ≥4 weeks: 13 (22.8) | 0.001** | ≥1 weeks: 36 (63.2) | 0.002** | 0.089** | ||
| ≥3 weeks: 15 (26.3) | ≥3 weeks: 14 (24.5) | |||||
| PIV | ≥2 weeks: 25 (43.9) | ≥2 weeks: 4 (7.0) | 17 (29.8) | |||
| (n=57) | ≥1 week: 4 (7.0) | ≥1 week: nil | ||||
| <1 week: nil | <1 week: 3 (5.3) |
Table 3
Clinical outcomes of patients with intravenous polymyxin B with or without the nebulised form.
| Parameter | Odds ratio (95% confidence interval) | p-value |
|---|---|---|
| Microbial eradication | 0.19 (0.06-0.58) | 0.003 |
| Secondary bacterial infection | 0.17 (0.05-0.59) | 0.005 |
| 30-day mortality | 0.45 (0.14-1.43) | 0.178 |
Fig. 1
Kaplan-Meier 30-day survival curve for intravenous polymyxin B with nebulization (green line) and only intravenous polymyxin B (blue line). Analysis run using Group (polymyxin B intravenously with nebulization vs intravenous polymyxin B only) as factor; death as event and time to death as time variable.
Fig. 2
Adverse events associated with polymyxin B in both the groups (polymyxin B intravenously with nebulization vs intravenous polymyxin B alone)