References
- Banco De Espana (2024).Why a central bank’s bottom line doesn’t matter (that much). Economic Bulletin, Q2.
- Bell, S., Chui, M., Gomes, T., Moser-Boehm, P. and Pierres Tejada, A. (2023). Why are central banks reporting losses? Does it matter?, BIS Bulletin, 68.
- BIS (2024). Data Portal.
- Bunea, D., Karakitsos, P., Merriman, N. and Studener, W. (2016). Profit distribution and loss coverage rules for central banks. ECB Occasional Paper Series, 169.
- Dalton, J. and Dziobek, C. H. (2005). Central Bank Losses and Experiences in Selected Countries. IMF Working Paper, 05/72.
- Elgin, C. and Öztunalı, O. (2024). Central Bank Independence and Inflation Under Asymmetric Information: Delegation vs. Seesaw Effects. Journal of Central Banking Theory and Practice, 3.
- Franta, M., Holub, T. and Saxaa B. (2022). Exiting from an Exchange Rate Floor in a Small Open Economy: Balance Sheet Implications of the Czech National Bank’s Exchange Rate Commitment. International Journal of Central Banking, June.
- Galli, G. and Neri, F. (2023). Ha senso un allarme per le perdite delle banche centrali? Osservatorio CPI, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore.
- Goncharov, I., Ioannidou, V. and Schmalz, M.C. (2023), (Why) do central banks care about their profits? The Journal of Finance, 78(5).
- Haldane, A. (2020). What Has Central Bank Independence Ever Done for Us? Economists’ Society Economics Conference, 28 November, Bank of England.
- Haoudi, A. and Touati, A. B. (2023). Central Bank Independence: The Case of North African Central Banks. Journal of Central Banking Theory and Practice, 3.
- Honohan, P. (2019) Currency, Credit and Crisis: Central Banking in Ireland and Europe. 1st ed. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108680325.
- Maddala, G.S. (2008). Ekonometria. PWN. Warszawa.
- Martinez-Resano, J., R. (2004). Central bank Financial Independence. Macroeconomics, 0403011.
- Ono, N., & Pina, Á. (2023). Do central bank losses matter? ECOSCOPE, July, 6.
- Savluk, S. and Breheda, O. (2024). Deposit Channel of Monetary Policy in European Countries. Journal of Central Banking Theory and Practice, 3.
- Sims, C., A, (1980). Macroeconomics and Reality. Econometrica, 48(1).
- Tradingeconomics (2024). https://tradingeconomics.com
- Wigglesworth, R. (2022). Are central banks going bankrupt? Financial Times. October, 10..