The Survey Program of Ernő Foerk on the Türbe of Pécs

Gergő Máté Kovács; Krisztina Fehér

doi:10.2478/jbe-2019-0016

Abstract

Ernő Foerk (1868-1934) born 150 years ago has significant oeuvre in the field of monument preservation and architectural education. As professor, one of his achievements was the organisation of summer survey camps named as ‘szünidei felvételek’ (vacation records) which was also accessible in published form. In the year of 1917 under his supervision, his students have surveyed all the scored Ottoman monuments of Hungary. In the following year these survey drawings were published with a brief summary of the history of Ottoman architecture in the territory of Hungary. Our paper is to submit the general circumstances of the Ottoman survey program supervised by Ernő Foerk with its historical background and the analysis of the methodology of the survey by the example of the türbe of Pécs.

References

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[16.] 26^th September 1917: Belgrade, 29^th September 1917: Üszküb (Skopje), 1^st October 1917: Mitrovica, 6^th October 1917: Decsán, 7^th October 1917: Gyakova (Gjakovë). 9^th October 1917: Prizren, 16^th October 1917: Szkutari (Skodra), 17^th October 1917: Vorra, 20^th October 1917: Tirana, 23^th October 1917: Skodra, 25^th October 1917: Szarajevo (Sarajevo), 27^th October 1917: Budapest.
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[18.] Foerk E. Balkáni levelek.[Balkan Letters]. Budapest: Korvin Testvérek, 1918. [MMA MÉM MDK]
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[19.] Vukoszávlyev, Z.Foerk Ernő szerb-ortodox templom-tipológiája. [The Serbian Orthodox Church Typology of Ernő Foerk]. Presented on the Symposium organised for the 150th Anniversary of the birth of Ernő Foerk at Szent István University Miklós Ybl Faculty of Architecture and Civil Engineering, 20^th November 2019
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[20.] The Yearbook has mentioned them as ‘Achmet Hikmet török főkonzul Ő Exellentiája és Abdul Latif török főpap’ [His Excellency Achmet Hikmet Turkish Consul General and Abdul Latif Turkish ‘Pontifical’] who were ‘excessively interested in the situation of the Turkish youths’. See: Schoditsch, L. A Budapesti M. Kir. Állami Felső Építőipariskola Értesítője az 1917/18. iskolai évről. Huszadik Év. [The Report of the Hungarian Royal Public Higher Architectural Industrial School about the 1917/17 Academic Year. Twentieth Year.] Budapest, 1918. 8.
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[21.] MMA MÉM MDK Archives, Diary of Ernő Foerk, 73.
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[26.] E.g. the rectangular planned, two floored brick building in Szigetvár was named as “ritual church”, however, according to the researches the original function was residential.
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[27.] Idris Baba belonged to the bektashi order of the dervishes according to the clarification of Balázs Sudár. Sudár, B. A pécsi Idrisz Baba-türbe. [The Türbe of Idris Baba in Pécs], Budapest: Forster Gyula National Heritage and Asset Management Centre, 2013. The identification of the building was made during the early 1900’s according to the records of Ibrahim Pechevi.
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[28.] The exact amount of the former memorial buildings is still an opened question. According to Ekrem Hakkı Ayverdi, the number of kabrs and türbes are minimum 17. Balázs Sudár imparts 18 for the minimal number of türbes in the territory of Hungary.According to Ekrem Hakkı Ayverdi the number of kabr and türbe buildings are at least 17, according to Balázs Sudár, there was at least 18 türbes in the territory of Hungary, however, this number can be also 22. Ayverdi, E. H., Avrupa’da Osmanlı Mimârî Eserleri. Romanya, Macaristan I. [Ottoman Architectural Monuments in Europe. Romania, Hungary I.], İstanbul: İstanbul Fetih Cemiyeti, 1977. 84.; Sudár, B. A pécsi Idrisz Baba-türbe. [The Türbe of Idris Baba in Pécs], Budapest: Forster Gyula National Heritage and Asset Management Centre, 2013. 39., 70-91.
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[32.] The important aim of the new restoration projects is to avoid all the which damages its constructions, to arrange its environment and also to answer some detailed questions which are related to architectural details (e.g. arrangement of interior, covering of floor, construction of the covering of dome, the question of the alem, the size of the windows and parapets, and the question of entrance).
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The Survey Program of Ernő Foerk on the Türbe of Pécs

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