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Foraging Behavior of Honeybees (Apis Mellifera L.) and Ground Bumblebees (Bombus Terrestris L.) and its Influence on Seed Yield and Oil Quality of Oil Tree Peony Cultivar ‘Fengdan’ (Paeonia Ostii T. Hong et J. X. Zhang)

Journal of Apicultural Science
Volume 64 (2020): Issue 1 (June 2020)
By:
Open Access
|Jul 2020

Figures & Tables

Fig. 1

Pollination net rooms built at the oil tree peony base. A. oil tree peony base; B. the net house for the bee pollination treatment (45 m×8 m), which is equally divided into three net rooms; C. the net house without pollinating insects; D. plane graph of the pollination experiment. FC, natural field control; HP, honeybee pollination; BP, ground bumblebee pollination; BC, blank control (without pollinating insects).
Pollination net rooms built at the oil tree peony base. A. oil tree peony base; B. the net house for the bee pollination treatment (45 m×8 m), which is equally divided into three net rooms; C. the net house without pollinating insects; D. plane graph of the pollination experiment. FC, natural field control; HP, honeybee pollination; BP, ground bumblebee pollination; BC, blank control (without pollinating insects).

Fig. 2

The foraging behavior parameters of honeybees and ground bumblebees on oil tree peony flowers.A. number of flowers visited per minute. B. single-flower visit time. C. flower visit interval. D. number of single-flower visits.Note: The data in the figure are the means ± standard errors. *P<0.05 and **P<0.001 according to an independent-samples t test.
The foraging behavior parameters of honeybees and ground bumblebees on oil tree peony flowers.A. number of flowers visited per minute. B. single-flower visit time. C. flower visit interval. D. number of single-flower visits.Note: The data in the figure are the means ± standard errors. *P<0.05 and **P<0.001 according to an independent-samples t test.

Fig. 3

The stigma contact ratios of honeybees and ground bumblebees. The upper limit of the rectangle is the 75th percentile of the data, the lower limit is the 25th percentile, and the middle line is the 50th percentile. The vertical length of the rectangle represents the quartile range, and the solid squares (points) are the observed values.
The stigma contact ratios of honeybees and ground bumblebees. The upper limit of the rectangle is the 75th percentile of the data, the lower limit is the 25th percentile, and the middle line is the 50th percentile. The vertical length of the rectangle represents the quartile range, and the solid squares (points) are the observed values.

Fig. 4

The daily activity of honeybees (A) and ground bumblebees (B) on oil tree peony (the Y-axis on the left shows the number of flowers visited by honeybees, and the Y-axis on the right shows the air temperature in consecutive hours of observation)
The daily activity of honeybees (A) and ground bumblebees (B) on oil tree peony (the Y-axis on the left shows the number of flowers visited by honeybees, and the Y-axis on the right shows the air temperature in consecutive hours of observation)

Peony seed oil components (in %) obtained under different pollination treatments (mean±SE; SE – standard error)

ComponentA. melliferaB. terrestrisPollination without insectsField plot
Palmitic acid5.98±0.07a5.93±0.02a6.00±0.04a6.00±0.04a
Stearic acid2.12±0.02a2.16±0.02a2.23±0.01a2.18±0.02a
Oleinic acid22.9±0.15a23.4±0.02a23.4±0.00a23.9±0.10a
Linoleic acid24.37±0.23a23.5±0.38a22.7±0.10a23.2±0.00a
α-Linolenic acid43.97±0.39a44.37±0.09a44.3±0.10a44.2±0.00a
Unsaturated fatty acids91.34±0.06a91.53±0.58a91.66±0.00a91.56±0.11a

Effect of pollination by honeybees and ground bumblebees on the yield parameters and quality of oil tree peony (SE - standard error, n - number of samples)

Measurement indexA. mellifera (mean±SE (n))B. terrestris (mean±SE (n))Pollination without insects (mean±SE (n))Field plot (mean±SE (n))
Number of fruits per plant11.23±0.30 (311)a10.51±0.27 (296)a9.61±0.46 (90)b10.95±0.50 (96)a
Number of seeds per follicle36.44±0.55 (869)a24.99±0.62 (866)b15.92±0.36 (863)d18.88±0.35 (866)c
Seed weight per follicle (g)8.90±0.25 (872)a7.45±0.24 (974)b4.69±0.10 (865)d5.25±0.14 (867)c
Number of seeds per plant414.93±21.04 (98)a281.46±15.93 (95)b204.58±10.29 (90)c152.34±10.48 (97)c
Seed weight per plant (g)102.42±5.91 (98)a75.57±4.13 (95)b45.06±3.03 (90)d57.30±2.96 (97)c
Kernel percentage (%)66.92±0.002 (9)a66.47±0.001 (9)a66.13±0.002 (3)a65.59±0.002 (3)a
Oil yield rate (%)22.03±0.25 (9)a21.72±0.33 (9)a20.67±0.60 (3)a21.10±0.31 (3)a
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jas-2020-0014 | Journal eISSN: 2299-4831 | Journal ISSN: 1643-4439
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Language: English
Page range: 131 - 142
Submitted on: Oct 17, 2019
Accepted on: Apr 22, 2020
Published on: Jul 2, 2020
Published by: Research Institute of Horticulture
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 2 times per year
Keywords:
foraging behavior,
oil peony,
oil quality,
pollination ecology,
seed production
Related subjects:
Life sciences,
Zoology,
Life sciences, other

© 2020 Chunling He, Kaiyue Zhang, Dongbo Han, Shuaibing Wang, Xiaogai Hou, Chaodong Zhu, published by Research Institute of Horticulture
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

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