Economics of Healthy Aging in India: A Multidimensional Perspective

Figures & Tables

Gender	Age groups (years)	Multi-morbidity	Obesity	Hypertension	Episodic drinking	Smoking

		Any single morbidity	BMI >25	Yes	Yes	Yes
Male	50–59	15.66	25.55	30.13	6.94	52.08
	60–69	21.66	20.06	33.64	5.81	52.2
	≥70	23.56	14.06	34.23	3.68	47.64
	Total	19.92	20.57	32.49	5.68	50.98
Female	50–59	17.47	37.21	28.41	0.58	16.36
	60–69	23.87	30.41	36.87	0.69	19.18
	≥70	27.8	19.92	39.91	0.44	20.26
	Total	22.36	30.6	34.29	0.58	18.33
Both	50–59	16.65	31.95	29.19	3.45	32.49
	60–69	22.83	25.57	35.36	3.08	34.63
	≥70	25.78	17.08	37.16	2.01	33.51
	Total	21.22	25.94	33.45	2.95	33.53
	≥60	24.05	22.19	36.09	2.65	34.17

Gender	Age groups (years)	Living arrangements	Low life satisfaction	Socially active

		Living alone	Low satisfaction	Not active
Male	50–59	1.01	30.61	64.20
	60–69	2.10	30.71	56.21
	≥70	3.11	29.85	47.21
	Total	1.96	30.45	56.79
Female	50–59	2.77	35.49	60.26
	60–69	6.64	32.51	51.44
	≥70	11.28	35.6	43.49
	Total	6.29	34.44	52.90
Both	50–59	1.97	33.30	62.03
	60–69	4.51	31.66	53.67
	≥70	7.33	32.86	45.27
	Total	4.27	32.59	54.71
	≥60	8.53	33.75	50.21

Gender	Age groups (years)	Depression CIDI-SF	Depressive symptoms	Cognition score

		Yes	Yes	Total word recall
Male	50–59	7.42	24.46	34.12
	60–69	7.40	26.74	44.25
	≥70	7.17	28.71	56.52
	Total	7.35	26.39	43.56
Female	50–59	8.01	29.81	41.66
	60–69	8.78	30.71	51.54
	≥70	10.16	35.36	64.33
	Total	8.81	31.48	50.72
Both	50–59	7.74	27.41	38.23
	60–69	8.13	28.85	48.12
	70+	8.73	32.19	60.58
	Total	8.13	29.13	47.38
	≥60	8.37	30.2	53.16

Gender	Age groups (years)	Work status			Work type			Place of work			Work-related pension

		Working	Not working currently	Never worked	Agriculture	Non-agriculture	Wage and salary	Own farm or dwelling	Employers’ place	Others	Pension	Insurance	None
Male	50–59	90.21	7.57	2.22	46.26	22.34	31.4	39.94	16.23	43.83	5.05	4.72	89.06
	60–69	63.45	33.18	3.37	61.11	19.18	19.71	52.15	12.58	35.27	11.37	4.28	78
	≥70	33.62	61.93	4.46	65.44	20.53	14.03	59.42	11.24	29.34	13.18	3.18	64.14
	Total	65.46	31.3	3.23	54.08	20.98	24.94	46.88	14.27	38.85	9.45	4.16	80.63
Female	50–59	40.63	14.65	44.71	64.31	10.51	25.18	47.45	16.94	35.62	1.56	1.89	93.92
	60–69	28.63	27.25	44.12	69.67	10.43	19.9	47.21	15.45	37.33	2.74	1.53	90.97
	≥70	12.47	36.76	50.77	71.16	10.85	17.98	45.55	19.38	35.07	3.33	0.83	82.96
	Total	29.27	24.72	46.01	66.93	10.52	22.56	47.16	16.67	36.16	2.4	1.51	91.74
Total	50–59	63.19	11.43	25.38	52.58	18.2	29.22	42.57	16.48	40.95	3.64	3.58	90.84
	60–69	44.96	30.03	25.01	64	16.22	19.77	50.48	13.55	35.97	7.95	3.19	82.14
	≥70	22.67	48.9	28.43	67.08	17.77	15.16	55.47	13.55	30.97	9.62	2.33	68.38
	Total	46.18	27.79	26.03	58.42	17.45	24.13	46.98	15.08	37.94	6.7	3.13	84.28
	≥60	35.71	37.86	26.43	64.81	16.63	18.56	51.79	13.55	34.66	8.62	2.85	78.28

Gender	Age groups (years)	ADL		IADL		Impairments

		2+ ADL	Any ADL	2+ IADL	Any IADL	Any impairment
Male	50–59	4.33	9.82	11.31	19.65	7.50
	60–69	8.05	15.65	19.15	30.92	9.49
	≥70	16.78	28.16	38.62	49.91	11.65
	Total	8.95	16.75	21.32	31.69	9.33
Female	50–59	7.05	13.15	25.61	37.63	5.77
	60–69	10.29	19.57	37.5	49.61	8.31
	≥70	25.15	36.2	59.44	67.34	13.29
	Total	12.74	21.22	38.34	49.36	8.56
Both	50–59	5.81	11.64	19.11	29.46	6.55
	60–69	9.24	17.73	28.9	40.85	8.86
	≥70	21.16	32.36	49.51	59.03	12.5
	Total	10.97	19.14	30.42	41.14	8.92
	≥60	14.16	23.77	37.41	48.35	10.37