Toxicological effects of methyl eugenol and fenitrothion on hematological, hepatic, renal, and oxidative stress-related biochemical characteristics of white albino rats

Yehia M. M. Salim; Ismail R. El-Gendy; Atef M. K. Nassar

doi:10.2478/intox-2020-0002

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Toxicological effects of methyl eugenol and fenitrothion on hematological, hepatic, renal, and oxidative stress-related biochemical characteristics of white albino rats

Interdisciplinary Toxicology

Volume 13 (2020): Issue 1 (March 2020)

By: Yehia M. M. Salim, Ismail R. El-Gendy and Atef M. K. Nassar

Open Access

|Jan 2025

Abstract

The present study aimed to investigate the possible adverse effects of methyl eugenol (ME), a potent kairomone, and fenitrothion insecticide that are used extensively in male annihilation programs worldwide during the management of fruit flies. Therefore, the side effects of ME, fenitrothion (FEN) and their mix (ME+FEN) were tested in a 28 days-inhalation study on white albino rats. Rats were grouped and exposed to 1/20 LC₅₀ of ME, FEN, and their mixture. Then hematological components, hepatic and renal parameters, and oxidative stress enzymes were measured. Results revealed significant decrease effects on mean cell hemoglobin and mean cell hemoglobin concentration (up to 18% decrease of control), red blood cell (28%), acetylcholinesterase (39%), and total lipids (36%) levels. On the other hand, lactate dehydrogenase (increased to 29.5% of control), uric acid (109%), creatinine (140%), γ-glutamyl transferase (159%), and oxidative stress-related enzymes (glutathione peroxidase (149%), glutathione reductase (170%), glutathione-S-transferase (34%), and superoxide dismutase (88%)) values were increased compared to results of control group. Adverse effects of ME, FEN, and their mixture might trigger an alarm for farmers who directly or indirectly inhale these chemicals continuously in the field. More importantly, safe alternatives to agricultural chemicals, including pesticides, should be enforced.

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Articles in this issue

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/intox-2020-0002 | Journal eISSN: 1337-9569 | Journal ISSN: 1337-6853

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Language: English

Page range: 13 - 20

Submitted on: Nov 22, 2019

Accepted on: Jan 27, 2020

Published on: Jan 27, 2025

Published by: Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Experimental Pharmacology & Toxicology, Centre of Experimental Medicine

In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

Publication frequency: 4 issues per year

Keywords:

occupational exposure,

Related subjects:

Pharmacology, toxicology

© 2025 Yehia M. M. Salim, Ismail R. El-Gendy, Atef M. K. Nassar, published by Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Experimental Pharmacology & Toxicology, Centre of Experimental Medicine
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

Volume 13 (2020): Issue 1 (March 2020)