Effect of AgNPs on the human reconstructed epidermis

Franková, Jana; Juráňová, Jana; Kamarád, Vojtěch; Zálešák, Bohumil; Ulrichová, Jitka

doi:10.2478/intox-2018-0028

Abstract

Nanoparticles are utilized in a wide range of industries. The most studied silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are used in medicine and also in several wound dressings due to their antimicrobial properties. The inflammatory response or potential morphological changes of skin cells after their application are not well known yet. In our study we used the model of human reconstructed epidermis (RHE), prepared in our laboratory, to evaluate whether the AgNPs penetrate through RHE, induce some morphological changes of keratinocytes or influence the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and IL-8). After the application of three different concentrations (25 ppm, 2.5 ppm, 0.25 ppm) of AgNPs to of RHE for 24 hours we verified that AgNPs did not affect the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and IL-8) and neither did they influence the expression of keratin K14 and loricrin. The morphology of the cells was likewise unchanged. Based on these results we conclude that AgNPs do not have any negative effect on the morphological changes and do not increase the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines.

References

Ambrozova N, Ulrichova J, Galandakova A. (2017). Models for the study skin wound healing. The role of Nrf2 and NF-κB. Biomed Pap Med Fac Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub16: 1–13.10.5507/bp.2016.063
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Akhavan-Tavakoli M, Fard M, Khanjani S, Zare S, Edalatkhah H, Mehrabani D, Zarnani AH, Shirazi H, Kazemnejad S. (2017). In vitro differentiation of menstrual blood stem cells into keratinocytes: A potential approach for management of wound healing. Biologicals48: 66–73.10.1016/j.biologicals.2017.05.005
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Bhowmic S, Koul V (2016). Assessment of PVA/silver nanocomposite hydrogel patch as antimicrobial dressing scaffold: Synthesis, characterization and biological evaluation. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl59: 109–119.10.1016/j.msec.2015.10.003
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Bianco C, Visser MJ, Plutt OA, Svetlicic V, Pletikapic G, Jakasa I. (2016). Characterization of silver particles in stratum corneum of healthy subjects and atopic dermatitis patients dermally exposed to a silver–containing garment. Nanotoxicology10: 1480–1491.10.1080/17435390.2016.1235739
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Boonkaew B, Kempf M, Kimble R, Supaphol L, Cuttle L. (2014). Antimicrobial efficacy of a novel silver hydrogel dressing compared to two common silver burn wound dressing: Acticoat^TM and PolyMem Silver^®. Burns40: 89–96.10.1016/j.burns.2013.05.011
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Coquette A, Berna N, Vandenbosch A, Rosdy M, De Wever B, Poumay Y. (2013). Analysis of interleukin-1α (IL-1α) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) expression and release in in vitro reconstructed human epidermis for the prediction of in vivo skin irritation and/or sensitization. Toxicol In Vitro17: 311–321.10.1016/S0887-2333(03)00019-5
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Filon FL. (2015). Nanoparticles skin absorption: New aspects for a safety profile evaluation. Regul Toxicol Pharm72: 310–322.10.1016/j.yrtph.2015.05.005
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Frankart A, Malaisse J, De Vuyst E, Minner F, de Rouvroit CL, Poumay Y. (2012). Epidermal morphogenesis during progressive in vitro 3D reconstruction at the air-liquid interface. Exp Dermatol21: 871–875.10.1111/exd.12020
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Frankova J, Pivodová J, Vágnerová H, Juráňová J, Ulrichová J. (2016). Effects of silver nanoparticles on primary cell cultures of fibroblasts and keratinocytes in a wound healing model. J Appl Biomater Funct Mater14(2): e137–e142.10.5301/jabfm.5000268
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Galandáková A, Franková J, Ambrožová N, Habartová K, Pivodová V, Zálešák B, Šafářová K, Smékalová M, Ulrichová J. (2016) Effects of silver nanoparticles on human dermal fibroblasts and epidermal keratinocytes. Hum Exp Toxicol35(9): 946–957.10.1177/096032711561196926500221
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Gibs S. (2009). In vitro Irritation Models and Immune Reactions. Skin Pharmacol Physiol22: 103–113.10.1159/000178869
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Hänel KH, Cornelissen C, Lüscher B, Baron JM. (2013). Cytokines and the skin barrier. Int J Mol Sci14(4): 6720–45.10.3390/ijms14046720
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Jung MK, Lee SH, Jang WH, Jung HS, Heo Y, Park YH, Bae S, Lim KM, Seok SH. (2014). KeraSkin TM – VM: A novel reconstructed human epidermis model for skin irritation tests. Tocicol In vitro28: 742–750.10.1016/j.tiv.2014.02.014
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Juráňová J, Franková J, Ulrichová J. (2017). The role of keratinocytes in inflammation. J Appl Biomed15: 169–179.10.1016/j.jab.2017.05.003
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Kandarova H, Hayden P, Klausner M, Kubilus J, Kearney P, Sheasgreen J. (2009). In vitro skin irritation testing: Improving the sensitivity of the Epi-Derm skin irritation test protocol. ATLA37 (6) : 671–689.10.1177/026119290903700611
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Kim BE, Howell MD, Guttman E, Gilleaudeau PM, Cardinale IR, Boguniewicz M, Kreuger JG, Leung DYM. (2011). TNF-α downregulates fillagrin and loricrin through c–Jun N–terminal kinase: Role of TNF-α antagonists to improve skin barrier. J Inest Dermatol131: 1272–1279.10.1038/jid.2011.24
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Li N, Liu Y, Qiu J, Zhong L, Alépéé N, Cotovio J, Cai Z. (2017). In vitro skin irritation assessment becomes a reality in China using a reconstructed human epidermis test method. Toxicol In vitro41: 159–167.10.1016/j.tiv.2017.02.009
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Mathes SH. (2014). The use of skin models in drug development. Adv Dru Deliv Rev69–70: 81–102.10.1016/j.addr.2013.12.006
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Saito K, Nukada Y, Takenouchi O, Miyazawa M, Sakaguchi H, Nishiyama N. (2013). Development of a new in vitro skin sensitization assay (Epidermal Sensitization Assay; Epi SensA) using reconstructed human epidermis. Toxicol In vitro27: 2213–2224.10.1016/j.tiv.2013.08.007
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Sondi I, Salopek-Sondi B. (2004). Silver nanoparticles as antimicrobial agent: a case study on E. coli as a model for Gram-negative bacteria. J Colloid Interface Sci275: 177–182.10.1016/j.jcis.2004.02.012
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Turner D, Nedjai B, Hurst T, Pennington DJ. (2014). Cytokines and chemokines: At the crossroady of cell signalling and inflammatory disease. Biochim Biophys Acta1843: 2563–2582.10.1016/j.bbamcr.2014.05.014
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Wang XP, Schunck M, Kallen KJ, Neumann C, Trautwein C, Rose – John S, Prokch S. (2004). The interleukin-6 cytokine system regulates epidermal permeability barrier homeostasis. J Invest Dermatol123: 124–131.10.1111/j.0022-202X.2004.22736.x
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Watkinson AC, Bunge AL, Hadgraft J, Lane ME. (2013). Nanoparticles do not penetrate human skin – a theoretical perspective. Pharm Res30(8): 1943–1946.10.1007/s11095-013-1073-9
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Zhang S, Liu X, Wang H, Peng J, Wong KK. (2014). Silver nanoparticle-coated suture effectively reduces inflammation and improves mechanical strength at intestinal anastomosis in mice. J Pediatr Surg49: 606–613.10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2013.12.012
Search in Google Scholar Back to article

Effect of AgNPs on the human reconstructed epidermis

Abstract

Paradigm

My account