The Rh blood group system: RHCE update

Aline Floch; Christophe Tournamille; Sunitha Vege

doi:10.2478/immunohematology-2026-010

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The Rh blood group system: RHCE update

Immunohematology

Volume 42 (2026): Issue 2 (June 2026)

By: Aline Floch, Christophe Tournamille and Sunitha Vege

Paid access

|Jul 2026

Abstract

While the previous review encompassed the Rh blood group system (Chou ST, Westhoff CM. The Rh and RhAG blood group systems. Immunohematology. 2010;26:178–86), this update focusses on the RHCE gene and its variants. Four new antigens— PARG, CEVF, CEWA, and CETW (RH60 to RH63)—were reported since the last update. RHCE*cEMI (RHCE*03.31) was amended from a null allele to an allele encoding very weak antigen expression. The following topics are discussed: cross-reactive alleles [such as RHCE*ceHAR (*01.22.01) and RHCE*ceCF (*01.20.06) which may type D+ with some monoclonal anti-D reagents], issues with hybrid alleles and allele dropout, common haplotypes (association between RHCE alleles and specific RHD alleles), and clinical considerations. While the detailed description of new Rh antigens has become rare, many RHCE alleles have been reported since the previous review, a result of increased adoption of DNAbased testing for red blood cell antigens in immunohematology laboratories. The Rh blood group system has fascinated generations of immunohematologists and is likely to continue to do so for decades to come.

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Articles in this issue

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/immunohematology-2026-010 | Journal eISSN: 1930-3955 | Journal ISSN: 0894-203X

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Language: English

Page range: 52 - 65

Published on: Jul 23, 2026

Published by: American National Red Cross

In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

Publication frequency: 4 issues per year

Keywords:

Rh blood group system,

RHCE,

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© 2026 Aline Floch, Christophe Tournamille, Sunitha Vege, published by American National Red Cross
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons License.

Volume 42 (2026): Issue 2 (June 2026)