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Integration of DWT, FFT, and Spatial domain for the identification of epileptic seizure utilizing electroencephalogram signal

Open Access
|Aug 2025

Figures & Tables

Figure 1:

Proposed model of epilepsy detection process. DWT, discrete wavelet transform; EEG, electroencephalogram; FFT, fast Fourier transform; LDA, linear discriminant analysis; PCA, principal component analysis.
Proposed model of epilepsy detection process. DWT, discrete wavelet transform; EEG, electroencephalogram; FFT, fast Fourier transform; LDA, linear discriminant analysis; PCA, principal component analysis.

Figure 2:

DWT decomposition up to level two (2). DWT, discrete wavelet transform; EEG, electroencephalogram.
DWT decomposition up to level two (2). DWT, discrete wavelet transform; EEG, electroencephalogram.

Figure 3:

Samples of EEG signals of 5 different classes. EEG, electroencephalogram.
Samples of EEG signals of 5 different classes. EEG, electroencephalogram.

Figure 4:

Samples of A1 after applying DWT of 5 different classes. DWT, discrete wavelet transform.
Samples of A1 after applying DWT of 5 different classes. DWT, discrete wavelet transform.

Figure 5:

Samples of EEG signal after application of FFT for 5 different classes. EEG, electroencephalogram; FFT, fast Fourier transform.
Samples of EEG signal after application of FFT for 5 different classes. EEG, electroencephalogram; FFT, fast Fourier transform.

Figure 6:

Bar chart of total number of samples non-seizure and seizure.
Bar chart of total number of samples non-seizure and seizure.

Performance measure of case 1 (combined features + PCA)

AlgorithmAccuracyPrecisionRecallF-1 Score
LR0.990.990.970.98
K-NN0.980.970.960.97
SVM0.980.970.960.97

Performance measure of case 2 (combined features + LDA)

AlgorithmAccuracyPrecisionRecallF-1 Score
LR0.970.960.920.94
K-NN0.960.960.900.92
SVM0.960.960.900.92

Performance measure of case 3 (combined features)

AlgorithmAccuracyPrecisionRecallF-1 Score
LR0.980.960.960.96
K-NN0.950.960.890.92
SVM0.950.960.890.92

Comparison with other techniques

ReferencesClassifierAccuracy (%)
[41]Decision tree99
[42]Multilayer perceptron neural network99
[43]ANN98.30
[44]SVM97.98
[45]PCA with RF92.69
[45]PCA with ANN97.55
Proposed modelLR99
Language: English
Submitted on: Mar 6, 2025
Published on: Aug 8, 2025
Published by: Professor Subhas Chandra Mukhopadhyay
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 1 times per year

© 2025 Rabel Guharoy, Nanda Dulal Jana, Suparna Biswas, Aveek Chattopadhyaya, published by Professor Subhas Chandra Mukhopadhyay
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.