
Figure 1:
WPT using DC–DC Converter Configuration. (A) Generalized block diagram of WPT using SCC network. (B) Proposed block diagram for WPT using SCC. SCC, switched capacitor converter; WPT, wireless power transfer.

Figure 2:
Proposed SCC circuit diagram. SCC, switched capacitor converter.
Table 1:
Voltage fraction 7/8
| S1 | S2 | S3 | S4 | S5 | S6 | S7 | S8 | S9 | S10 | S11 | S12 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ϕ1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| ϕ2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| ϕ3 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| ϕ4 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
Table 2:
Simulated output of WPT for different distance
| Distance (mm) | 5 | 10 | 15 | 18 | 20 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| VR | 7/8 | 7/8 | 7/8 | 7/8 | 7/8 |
| Input voltage | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 |
| Output voltage | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 |
| Load resistance (kOhm) | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 |
| Receiving voltage | 20.97 | 20.96 | 20.93 | 20.903 | 20.89 |
| Output power | 88.29 µW | 87.61 µW | 85.84 µW | 84.1 µW | 83.51 µW |

Figure 3:
Simulated output of proposed WPT (Buck). (A) The input voltage, the converter's output voltage, and the WPT output. (B) Capacitor voltage C1 and C3. (C) Load change for WPT. WPT, wireless power transfer.

Figure 4:
Simulated results of the proposed system. (A) Boost output voltage. (B) Output voltage with different load resistance. (C) Distance measured of Boost WPT. WPT, wireless power transfer.

Figure 5:
Experimental prototype for SCC. (A) Switched capacitor converter. (B) Output voltage of proposed converter of ratio 7/8. SCC, switched capacitor converter.
Table 3:
Different VRs SCC output and WPT output
| Voltage fraction | Input voltage | SCC output voltage | Receiving end voltage |
|---|---|---|---|
| ½ | 24 V | 11.63 V | 10.81 V |
| 1/3 | 24 V | 9.72 V | 8.98 V |
| 1/4 | 24 V | 5.58 V | 4.82 V |
| 1/5 | 24 V | 4.5 V | 3.79 V |
| 1/6 | 24 V | 3.56 V | 2.73 V |
| 1/7 | 24 V | 2.89 V | 1.89 V |
| 1/8 | 24 V | 2.77 V | 1.97 V |
| 2/3 | 24 V | 15.66 V | 14.79 V |
| 2/5 | 24 V | 8.99 V | 8.29 V |
| 2/7 | 24 V | 5.82 V | 5.13 V |
| 3/4 | 24 V | 17.65 V | 16.88 V |
| 3/5 | 24 V | 13.82 V | 13.17 V |
| 3/7 | 24 V | 9.66 V | 8.87 V |
| 3/8 | 24 V | 8.77 V | 7.97 V |
| 4/5 | 24 V | 18.54 V | 17.89 V |
| 4/7 | 24 V | 12.88 V | 11.93 V |
| 5/6 | 24 V | 19.88 V | 18.93 V |
| 5/7 | 24 V | 16.32 V | 15.48 V |
| 5/8 | 24 V | 14.78 V | 13.99 V |
| 6/7 | 24 V | 19.41 V | 18.46 V |
| 7/8 | 24 V | 20.90 V | 19.73 V |
Table 4:
Comparison with existing WPT topology
| Papers | Buck/Boost | Topology used | Input voltage | Output voltage | Maximum distance | Efficiency (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| [2] | Boost | Frequency tracking WPT system based on PLL | 30 V | 106.8 (effective) | 5 cm | 70–80 |
| [3] | Boost | Wireless battery recharging | 14 V | 10 V–38 V | 15 cm | <20 |
| [7] | Buck | WPT (Resonant frequency technique) | 24 V | 23.5 V | 15 cm | 90–95 |
| Proposed | Buck/boost | WPT using PWM SCC | 12 V-24 V | 1 V–21 V | 20 mm | 80–85 |