Scheme I:
Figure 1:
Figure 2:
Figure 3:
Figure 4:
Figure 5:
Figure 6:
Figure 7
Figure 8:
Figure 9:
Figure 10:
Real sample analysis_
| Source of Lake Water | S. No. | Added (μM) | Found (μM) | Recovery (%) | RSD |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Shameerpet Lake | 1 | 10 | 9.866667 | 98.7 | 2.055076 |
| 2 | 50 | 49.26667 | 98.6 | 4.72582 | |
| 3 | 100 | 99.3 | 99.3 | 2.64575 | |
| Hussain Sagar Lake | 1 | 10 | 9.8 | 98 | 1.37477 |
| 2 | 50 | 49.71333 | 99.44 | 2.41316 | |
| 3 | 100 | 99.89 | 99.89 | 3.6056 | |
| Kapra Lake | 1 | 10 | 9.843333 | 98.5 | 1.76376 |
| 2 | 50 | 49.07667 | 98.2 | 4.45459 | |
| 3 | 100 | 99.61 | 99.61 | 2.91376 |
Comparison with the previously reported works_
| Material | Method | Range (μM) | LoD (μM) | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CoPCNF/GCE | CV | 75–770 | 46 | [22] |
| CEC | CV | 100–1000 | 9 | [23] |
| Mercury/Platinum | CSSV | 1–20 | 0.25 | [24] |
| HMDE | SWP | 0.2–83 | 0.1 | [25] |
| HMDE | DPCSV | 3–20 | 2 | [26] |
| BDD | CV | 20–100 | 0.8 | [27] |
| GCE | SWV | 3–120 | 0.10 | [28] |
| LIG/MB | CA/CV | 0.5–500 | 0.435 | This work |