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Identification of glucose levels in urine based on classification using k-nearest neighbor algorithm method Cover

Identification of glucose levels in urine based on classification using k-nearest neighbor algorithm method

Open Access
|Aug 2023

Figures & Tables

Figure 1:

Block diagram. PLN, State Electricity Company; I2C, Inter Integrated Circuit System.
Block diagram. PLN, State Electricity Company; I2C, Inter Integrated Circuit System.

Figure 2:

Wiring diagram.
Wiring diagram.

Figure 3:

Flowchart.
Flowchart.

Figure 4:

Machine learning flowchart.
Machine learning flowchart.

Figure 5:

K-nearest neighbor visualization.
K-nearest neighbor visualization.

Figure 6:

Prototype: (a) front view, (b) inside view, and (c) upper view.
Prototype: (a) front view, (b) inside view, and (c) upper view.

Figure 7:

Graphs of the data results: (a) Normal, (b) Positive 1, (c) Positive 2, (d) Positive 3, and (e) Positive 4.
Graphs of the data results: (a) Normal, (b) Positive 1, (c) Positive 2, (d) Positive 3, and (e) Positive 4.

Figure 8:

K-value graph.
K-value graph.

Figure 9:

KNN classification results. KNN, K-nearest neighbor.
KNN classification results. KNN, K-nearest neighbor.

Figure 10:

Confusion matrix.
Confusion matrix.

Glucose characterization

No.Urine sampleGlucose level (%)Glucose rate (g)Color resultUrine positive rate (mg/dL)
1.Sample 10–0.50Slightly greenish blue and a bit cloudyNormal
2.Sample 20.5–10.2Yellowish greenPositive 1
3.Sample 31–1.50.3Greenish yellowPositive 2
4.Sample 42–3.50.4Slightly brownish orangePositive 3
5.Sample 5>3.51Slightly brownish brick redPositive 4

Results of the data from the sensor

Result of specimen colorSensor color indicatorClass category

VioletBlueGreenYellowOrangeRed
21.3423.3618.6819.6414.026.66Normal
14.9313.5324.2721.4819.236.53Positive 1
12.1910.0722.6324.1421.879.05Positive 2
11.128.2116.9721.9126.0215.74Positive 3
13.689.9322.5820.7722.5810.43Positive 4
Language: English
Submitted on: Aug 15, 2022
Published on: Aug 3, 2023
Published by: Professor Subhas Chandra Mukhopadhyay
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 1 issue per year

© 2023 Anton Yudhana, Fathiyyah Warsino, Son Ali Akbar, Fatma Nuraisyah, Ilham Mufandi, published by Professor Subhas Chandra Mukhopadhyay
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.