The impact of organizational learning on Polish and Finnish SME’s market performance during the COVID-19 pandemic. A comparative study

Descriptive statistics^a
	N	Mean	Std. deviation	Skewness		Kurtosis
	Statistic	Statistic	Statistic	Statistic	Std. error	Statistic	Std. error
Commitment to learning	219	15.66	2.214	−0.285	0.164	−0.454	0.327
Valid N (listwise)	219

1a Country – Poland.

1 Source: own elaboration, based on indicator data, 7-point scale.

1 OL, organizational learning; SMEs, small and medium-sized enterprises.

1 Answers are skewed toward the higher end of the scale. This finding indicates that there are more firms with a high propensity to OL compared to those with a low propensity to OL.

Table 2.

Descriptive statistics for the measure of OL (scale of commitment to learning) – Finnish SME sample)

Descriptive statistics^a
	N	Mean	Std. deviation	Skewness		Kurtosis
	Statistic	Statistiic	Statistic	Statistic	Std. error	Statistic	Std. error
Commitment to learning	81	16.95	1.809	−0.470	0.267	0.416	0.529
Valid N (listwise)	81

1a Country – Finland

1 Source: own elaboration, based on indicator data, 7-point scale.

1 OL, organizational learning; SMEs, small and medium-sized enterprises.

1 Answers are even more skewed toward the higher end of the scale than in the Polish sample. This finding indicates that there are more firms with high commitment to OL than those with low commitment to OL.

Table 3.

Descriptive statistics for declarations about profits or losses and sales evolution for the Polish SME sample

Descriptive statistics^a
	N	Mean	Std. deviation	Skewness		Kurtosis
	Statistic	Statistic	Statistic	Statistic	Std. error	Statistic	Std. error
Financial results in 2020 (estimated)	219	3.36	0.945	−1.042	0.164	0.685	0.327
Sales dynamics in 2020(estimated) compared to 2019	219	2.99	0.995	0.525	0.164	−0.602	0.327
Valid N (listwise)	219

1a Country – Poland.

1 Source: own elaboration based on indicator data.

1 SMEs, small and medium-sized enterprises.

Table 4.

Descriptive statistics for declarations about profits or losses and sales evolution for the Finnish SME sample

Descriptive statistics^a
	N	Mean	Std. deviation	Skewness		Kurtosis
	Statistic	Statistic	Statistic	Statistic	Std. error	Statistic	Std. error
Financial results in 2020 (estimated)	81	3.56	0.791	−1.043	0.267	1.578	0.529
Sales dynamics in 2020(estimated) compared to 2019	81	3.17	0.959	0.428	0.267	−0.721	0.529
Valid N (listwise)	81

1a Country – Finland.

1 Source: own elaboration based on indicator data.

1 SMEs, small and medium-sized enterprises.

Table 5.

Descriptive statistics related to propensity to OL of Polish and Finnish SMEs

Descriptive
Propensity to OL (measured on the scale of commitment to l¢earning)
	N	Mean	Std. deviation	Std. error	Minimum	Maximum
Finland	81	16.95	1.809	0.201	12	21
Poland	219	15.66	2.214	0.150	9	21
Total	300	16.01	2.186	0.126	9	21

1 Source : own elaboration based on indicator data.

1 OL, organizational learning; SMEs, small and medium-sized enterprises.

Propensity to OL (measured by the commitment to learning scale) according to the country of SMEs and the level of export involvement.
*Source:* own elaboration based on indicator data. OL, organizational learning; SMEs, small and medium-sized enterprises.

Table 6.

Analysis of variance for relationship between propensity to OL and firms’ characteristics

Tests of between-subjects effects
Dependent variable: propensity to OL
Source	Type III sum of squares	df	Mean square	F	Sig.
Corrected model	239.596^a	7	34.228	8.403	0.000
Intercept	58,224.038	1	58,224.038	14,294.432	0.000
Country	96.448	1	96.448	23.679	0.000
Small vs. m-sized	0.775	1	0.775	0.190	0.663
Exp vs. non-exp	27.287	1	27.287	6.699	0.010
Country × small vs. m-sized	2.622	1	2.622	0.644	0.423
Country × exp vs. non-exp	45.882	1	45.882	11.264	0.001
Small vs. m-sized × exp vs. non-exp	0.291	1	0.291	0.071	0.789
Country × small vs. m-sized × exp vs. non-exp	6.113	1	6.113	1.501	0.222
Error	1,189.374	292	4.073
Total	78,325.000	300
Corrected total	1,428.970	299

1a R² = 0.168 (adjusted R² = 0.148).

1 Source: own elaboration based on indicator data.

1 OL, organizational learning.

Table 7.

Correlations between measures of market performance and propensity to OL for the Polish sample

Correlation
		Propensity to OL
Financial results in 2020 (estimated)	Pearson correlation	0.120
	Sig. (two-tailed)	0.077
	N	219
Financial results in 2020 (estimated) – six outliers removed	Pearson correlation	0.181**
	Sig. (two-tailed)	0.008
	N	213
Sales dynamics in 2020 (estimated) compared to 2019	Pearson correlation	0.044
	Sig. (two-tailed)	0.514
	N	219
Sales dynamics in 2020 (estimated) compared to 2019 – ten outliers removed	Pearson correlation	0.162*
	Sig. (two-tailed)	0.019
	N	209

1* Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (two-tailed).

1** Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (two-tailed).

1 Source: own elaboration based on indicator data.

1 OL, organizational learning.

Table 8.

Correlations between measures of market performance and propensity to OL for the Finnish sample

Correlation
		Propensity to OL
Financial results in 2020 (estimated)	Pearson correlation	0.002
	Sig. (two-tailed)	0.986
	N	81
Financial results in 2020 (estimated) – eight outliers removed	Pearson correlation	−0.237*
	Sig. (two-tailed)	0.043
	N	73
Sales dynamics in 2020 (estimated) compared to 2019	Pearson correlation	−0.002
	Sig. (two-tailed)	0.984
	N	81
Sales dynamics 2018–2020 – eleven outliers removed	Pearson correlation	0.031
	Sig. (two-tailed)	0.796
	N	70

1* Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (two-tailed).

1 Source: own elaboration based on indicator data.

1 OL, organizational learning.

References

Authors

Metrics

Articles in this issue

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/ijme-2024-0018 | Journal eISSN: 2543-5361 (formerly 2299-9701) | Journal ISSN: 2299-9701

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Language: English

Page range: 245 - 258

Submitted on: Nov 6, 2023

Accepted on: Apr 12, 2024

Published on: Jun 25, 2024

Published by: SGH Warsaw School of Economics

In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

Publication frequency: 4 issues per year

Keywords:

market performance,

organizational learning,

SME strategy

JEL:

D80,

L20,

M53

Related subjects:

Business and economics,

Business management,

Management accounting, financial controlling, cost calculation, investment

© 2024 Tomasz Sikora, Ewa Baranowska-Prokop, published by SGH Warsaw School of Economics
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

Volume 60 (2024): Issue 4 (December 2024)

The impact of organizational learning on Polish and Finnish SME’s market performance during the COVID-19 pandemic. A comparative study

Figures & Tables

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