The share of auditing companies from the BIG4 group in the market of auditing services provided to public companies (by sectors, %)
| No. | Sector | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | Finance | 36.17 | 37.76 | 38.83 | 45.00 | 45.10 | 45.63 | 40.00 | 38.54 | 32.22 |
| 2. | Fuel and energy | 80.00 | 82.35 | 77.78 | 70.00 | 80.00 | 78.95 | 84.21 | 75.00 | 70.00 |
| 3. | Chemicals and raw materials | 47.50 | 38.64 | 44.19 | 50.00 | 52.27 | 56.82 | 57.50 | 47.50 | 45.71 |
| 4. | Industrial and construction-assembly production | 25.93 | 29.63 | 30.63 | 33.04 | 34.43 | 34.45 | 31.19 | 28.57 | 23.76 |
| 5. | Consumer goods | 26.23 | 25.00 | 29.51 | 32.79 | 29.03 | 33.33 | 35.71 | 31.48 | 28.00 |
| 6. | Trade and services | 31.82 | 35.56 | 38.30 | 38.30 | 46.81 | 44.00 | 34.78 | 34.04 | 31.11 |
| 7. | Health care | 35.29 | 41.18 | 38.89 | 43.75 | 42.11 | 45.83 | 40.91 | 36.36 | 36.36 |
| 8. | Technologies | 32.50 | 35.00 | 31.71 | 31.71 | 33.33 | 31.71 | 33.33 | 31.43 | 31.25 |
| Kruskal–Wallis test (P-value) | 0.022* | 0.009** | 0.020* | 0.013* | 0.002** | 0.005** | 0.003** | 0.012* | 0.006** | |
| Pearson’s chi-square test of independence (P-value) | 0.022* | 0.009** | 0.020* | 0.013* | 0.002** | 0.005** | 0.003** | 0.012* | 0.006** | |
| Cramér’s V | 0.176 | 0.188 | 0.178 | 0.184 | 0.209 | 0.197 | 0.214 | 0.197 | 0.207 | |
Sectoral structure of the surveyed companies (%)
| Sector name | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Finance | 22.43 | 22.84 | 23.30 | 22.68 | 22.27 | 22.25 | 22.46 | 22.91 | 22.78 |
| Fuel and energy | 3.58 | 3.96 | 4.07 | 4.54 | 4.37 | 4.10 | 4.49 | 4.77 | 5.06 |
| Chemicals and raw materials | 9.55 | 10.26 | 9.73 | 9.98 | 9.61 | 9.50 | 9.46 | 9.55 | 8.86 |
| Industrial and construction-assembly production | 25.78 | 25.17 | 25.11 | 25.40 | 26.64 | 25.70 | 25.77 | 25.06 | 25.57 |
| Consumer goods | 14.56 | 13.99 | 13.80 | 13.83 | 13.54 | 13.61 | 13.24 | 12.89 | 12.66 |
| Trade and services | 10.50 | 10.49 | 10.63 | 10.66 | 10.26 | 10.80 | 10.87 | 11.22 | 11.39 |
| Health care | 4.06 | 3.96 | 4.07 | 3.63 | 4.15 | 5.18 | 5.20 | 5.25 | 5.57 |
| Technologies | 9.55 | 9.32 | 9.28 | 9.30 | 9.17 | 8.86 | 8.51 | 8.35 | 8.10 |
Share of audit firms providing audit services to only one public company in the market of audit services (%)
| 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10.74 | 9.56 | 6.56 | 7.71 | 5.90 | 5.83 | 6.38 | 6.68 | 5.06 |
The share of “leading” auditing companies in the market of auditing services provided to public companies (by sectors, %)
| No. | Sector | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | Finance | 65.96 | 60.20 | 63.11 | 66.00 | 66.67 | 66.02 | 63.16 | 62.50 | 60.00 |
| 2. | Fuel and energy | 93.33 | 94.12 | 94.44 | 85.00 | 90.00 | 84.21 | 89.47 | 85.00 | 85.00 |
| 3. | Chemicals and raw materials | 70.00 | 59.09 | 62.79 | 70.45 | 75.00 | 79.55 | 75.00 | 72.50 | 71.43 |
| 4. | Industrial and construction-assembly production | 54.63 | 57.41 | 57.66 | 56.25 | 57.38 | 63.87 | 63.30 | 58.10 | 56.44 |
| 5. | Consumer goods | 49.18 | 50.00 | 49.18 | 62.30 | 56.45 | 60.32 | 58.93 | 61.11 | 60.00 |
| 6. | Trade and services | 56.91 | 71.11 | 74.47 | 70.21 | 74.47 | 64.00 | 63.04 | 59.57 | 62.22 |
| 7. | Health care | 47.06 | 58.82 | 55.56 | 62.50 | 68.42 | 70.83 | 72.23 | 72.23 | 77.27 |
| 8. | Technologies | 57.50 | 62.50 | 51.22 | 53.66 | 52.38 | 53.66 | 55.56 | 51.43 | 53.13 |
| Kruskal–Wallis test (P-value) | 0.122 | 0.178 | 0.060 | 0.091 | 0.046* | 0.142 | 0.212 | 0.175 | 0.059 | |
| Pearson’s chi-square test of independence (P-value) | 0.121 | 0.177 | 0.059 | 0.090 | 0.045* | 0.142 | 0.211 | 0.174 | 0.058 | |
| Cramér’s V | 0.147 | 0.139 | 0.161 | 0.153 | 0.165 | 0.144 | 0.144 | 0.148 | 0.171 | |
Share of public companies where the audit firm changed in the total number of public companies (%)
| 2011/2012 | 2012/2013 | 2013/2014 | 2014/2015 | 2015/2016 | 2016/2017 | 2017/2018 | 2018/2019 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 19.18 | 19.53 | 20.79 | 20.24 | 21.41 | 28.80 | 31.31 | 21.52 |
The structure of the market of auditing services provided to public companies (%)
| No. | Audit company | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | Ernst & Young | 10.50 | 10.26 | 9.05 | 9.30 | 10.48 | 11.23 | 14.66 | 13.13 | 12.15 |
| 2. | Deloitte | 9.79 | 10.26 | 11.76 | 12.47 | 12.66 | 13.61 | 12.29 | 8.59 | 6.08 |
| 3. | BDO Polska | 9.79 | 8.16 | 6.79 | 5.90 | 6.55 | 7.34 | 7.57 | 7.88 | 6.84 |
| 4. | KPMG | 8.35 | 7.93 | 8.82 | 10.20 | 9.17 | 8.42 | 6.38 | 6.92 | 6.33 |
| 5. | PKF Polska | 6.21 | 7.23 | 8.14 | 8.16 | 7.42 | 6.91 | 5.91 | 4.53 | 5.32 |
| 6. | PricewaterhouseCoopers | 4.53 | 6.29 | 6.56 | 7.26 | 8.08 | 8.21 | 6.38 | 7.88 | 8.10 |
| 7. | ECA Seredyński i Wspólnicy | 4.06 | 3.96 | 4.30 | 5.22 | 4.15 | 4.10 | 5.67 | 6.44 | 7.85 |
| 8. | Grant Thornton Frąckowiak | 5.01 | 4.20 | 3.85 | 4.08 | 4.37 | 4.97 | 5.91 | 7.16 | 9.37 |
| Other audit firms | 41.77 | 41.72 | 40.72 | 37.41 | 37.12 | 35.21 | 35.22 | 37.47 | 37.97 | |
An audit company that most often provided auditing services to public companies (by sectors, %)
| No. | Sector | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | Finance | EY | EY | EY | Deloitte | Deloitte | Deloitte | Deloitte | KPMG | KPMG |
| 2. | Fuel and energy | EY | EY | KPMG | KPMG | KPMG | KPMG | EY | EY | Deloitte |
| 3. | Chemicals and raw materials | Deloitte | KPMG | Deloitte | KPMG | Deloitte | Deloitte | Deloitte | EY | EY |
| 4. | Industrial and construction-assembly production | BDO | Deloitte | Deloitte | Deloitte | Deloitte | Deloitte | EY | EY | EY |
| 5. | Consumer goods | Deloitte | PwC | Baker Tilly | KPMG | Deloitte | Deloitte | Deloitte | Deloitte | PwC |
| 6. | Trade and services | PwC | BDO | PwC | PwC | PwC | Deloitte | Deloitte | KPMG | KPMG |
| 7. | Health care | EY | EY | Deloitte | Deloitte | BDO | BDO | BDO | BDO | BDO |
| 8. | Technologies | EY | EY | EY | PKF | EY | PKF | EY | EY | EY |
Share of public companies from a given sector in which the audit firm changed in the total number of companies from a given sector (%)
| No. | Sector | 2011/2012 | 2012/2013 | 2013/2014 | 2014/2015 | 2015/2016 | 2016/2017 | 2017/2018 | 2018/2019 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | Finance | 18.09 | 24.49 | 22.68 | 21.05 | 16.49 | 24.24 | 35.87 | 27.78 |
| 2. | Fuel and energy | 13.33 | 11.76 | 5.56 | 20.00 | 15.79 | 38.89 | 26.32 | 20.00 |
| 3. | Chemicals and raw materials | 22.50 | 20.93 | 21.43 | 13.95 | 27.91 | 32.50 | 30.00 | 14.29 |
| 4. | Industrial and construction-assembly production | 20.37 | 19.81 | 22.02 | 20.18 | 23.08 | 32.74 | 29.52 | 14.85 |
| 5. | Consumer goods | 20.00 | 16.95 | 24.14 | 18.97 | 20.69 | 28.33 | 35.19 | 22.00 |
| 6. | Trade and services | 20.45 | 17.78 | 21.28 | 16.28 | 25.58 | 19.15 | 30.43 | 28.89 |
| 7. | Health care | 23.53 | 11.76 | 12.50 | 37.50 | 26.32 | 31.82 | 13.64 | 18.18 |
| 8. | Technologies | 12.82 | 17.50 | 17.07 | 25.00 | 17.95 | 28.95 | 35.29 | 25.00 |
| Kruskal–Wallis test (P-value) | 0.482 | 0.748 | 0.305 | 0.034* | 0.205 | 0.923 | 0.073 | 0.084 |
Selected concentration indicators on the market of auditing services provided to public companies (%)
| Concentration indicators | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BIG4 | 33.89 | 35.43 | 36.88 | 39.91 | 41.05 | 41.68 | 39.72 | 36.52 | 32.66 |
| CR4 | 38.66 | 37.06 | 38.24 | 40.59 | 41.05 | 41.68 | 40.90 | 37.47 | 37.47 |
| CR8 | 59.19 | 59.44 | 59.95 | 63.49 | 63.97 | 65.66 | 64.78 | 62.53 | 62.03 |
| 10KAP | 52.03 | 51.98 | 52.04 | 52.83 | 55.24 | 56.59 | 55.79 | 54.65 | 50.89 |