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Impact of policy regulations on the functioning of hospitals in Poland during the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative analysis Cover

Impact of policy regulations on the functioning of hospitals in Poland during the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative analysis

Open Access
|Jun 2022

Figures & Tables

Figure 1

Number of patients treated in wards reorganized during the COVID-19 pandemic in Voivodeship Specialist Hospital No. 2 in Jastrzębie Zdrój [Own study]. COVID-19, Coronavirus disease 2019.
Number of patients treated in wards reorganized during the COVID-19 pandemic in Voivodeship Specialist Hospital No. 2 in Jastrzębie Zdrój [Own study]. COVID-19, Coronavirus disease 2019.

Figure 2

Number of patients treated in wards reorganized during the COVID-19 pandemic in Voivodeship Specialist Hospital No. 2 in Jastrzębie Zdrój [Own study]. COVID-19, Coronavirus disease 2019.
Number of patients treated in wards reorganized during the COVID-19 pandemic in Voivodeship Specialist Hospital No. 2 in Jastrzębie Zdrój [Own study]. COVID-19, Coronavirus disease 2019.

Figure 3

Medical staff absenteeism by 2020 [Own study].
Medical staff absenteeism by 2020 [Own study].

Figure 4

Work absenteeism of nursing and midwifery staff in October 2020 [Own study].
Work absenteeism of nursing and midwifery staff in October 2020 [Own study].

Figure 5

Workstation [Own study].
Workstation [Own study].

Figure 6

Assessment of the effectiveness of the introduced solutions by the staff of the reorganized wards and specialized wards [Own study].
Assessment of the effectiveness of the introduced solutions by the staff of the reorganized wards and specialized wards [Own study].

Figure 7

Assessment of the safety of the introduced solutions by the staff of the reorganized wards and specialized wards [Own study].
Assessment of the safety of the introduced solutions by the staff of the reorganized wards and specialized wards [Own study].

Figure 8

Assessment of the effectiveness and safety of the introduced solutions by the surveyed WSS2 staff [Own study].
Assessment of the effectiveness and safety of the introduced solutions by the surveyed WSS2 staff [Own study].

Figure 9

Performance of the COVID-19 virus test on WSS2 workers [Own study]. COVID-19, Coronavirus disease 2019.
Performance of the COVID-19 virus test on WSS2 workers [Own study]. COVID-19, Coronavirus disease 2019.

Work area [Own study]

Branch/work areaNumber of personsQuantity as a percentage [%]
Pediatric63.5
Anesthesiology and intensive care158.7
Nephrology-internal116.4
Pediatric intensive care52.9
Rehabilitation63.5
Gastrological and internal21.2
Cardio-internal126.9
Urology and urological oncology42.3
Otolaryngology52.9
Ophthalmology21.2
Obstetrics and gynecology116.4
Neonatology84.6
General surgery63.5
Neurosurgery63.5
Neurology105.8
Trauma and orthopedic surgery74.0
Emergency room137.5
Specialist clinics including primary health care52.9
Administration137.5
Hospital management21.2
Other2413.9

Monthly staff working time in the “Covid” ward [Own study]

Number of hours worked per monthNumber of responses
Up to 132 h/month15
Between 132 h/month and 160 h/month16
160 h/month and over27

Timeline of JSS No_ 2 procedures and activities in the context of national regulations [Own study]

MonthRecommendations and Ordinances of the Minister of Health and the Council of Ministers of Poland and Decisions of the Silesian ViovodeProcedures and actions of Voivodeship Specialist Hospital No. 2 in Jastrzębie Zdrój
I.
  • recommendation to facilities with infectious wards to follow procedures in case of COVID-19 emergency – list of infectious hospitals: – Designation of rooms/isolation in hospitals that have infectious wards

  • No action taken

II.
  • recommendation for persons returning from northern Italy to observe their health condition and in case of deterioration to be isolated or to contact the nearest infectious diseases unit

  • in general hospitals, to create a separate entrance for patients with symptoms of infectious disease and to follow the classification algorithm

  • need for staff in contact with persons suspected to have SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) infection to wear masks

  • No action taken

III.
  • March 2 – Act of March 2, 2020 on special solutions for preventing, counteracting, and combating COVID-19, other communicable diseases, and emergencies caused by them

  • to lay down rules for remote working to minimize the risk of infection among staff

  • increase of the sickness benefit from 80% to 100% of the benefit assessment basis calculated on the basis of the provisions of the Act on cash benefits from social insurance in case of sickness and maternity

  • granting care allowances due to the necessity of taking care of a child in person in the situation of closing a day nursery, children's club, kindergarten, school, or other institution which the child attends

  • introduction of the possibility to provide health care services by means of teleportation, – the principles of disposal of contaminated medical waste generated in relation to COVID-19 were specified,

  • March 3 – Call of the President of the Supreme Council of Nurses and Midwives on the sanitary-epidemic and medical procedures in connection with the risk of outbreak of the new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) on the territory of Poland addressed to medical professionals – nurses, midwives, health sector managers, and public authorities

  • a recommendation to nursing and midwifery staff to strictly observe sanitary-epidemiological standards and procedures implemented in places of assistance

  • an appeal to managers of medical establishments to provide safe workplaces for their staff, equip them with the necessary personal protective equipment, and conduct practical training on the prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infection

  • March 5 – Letter from the Health Department of the Silesian Voivodeship Office in Katowice of 5 March presenting the recommendations of Voivodeship Consultants in obstetrics and gynecology

  • List of entities providing obstetric-gynecological services for pregnant women diagnosed with or suspected to have COVID-19 infection

  • March 8 – Order No. 32/2020/DSOZ of the President of the National Health Fund on the report and conditions for settlement of healthcare services related to the prevention, counteraction, and eradication of COVID

  • indication of financial rates for hospitalization of a patient suffering from COVID-19

  • providing financial resources to providers of services in the fight against COVID-19

  • March 25 – Recommendations to single-named hospital and infectious disease unit workers to limit work activity in other sectors

  • March 26 – Regulation of the Minister of Health of March 26, 2020 amending the Regulation on the training of nurses and midwives transfusing blood and its components

  • extending the validity of certificates by 6 months

  • March 31 – Act of March 31, 2020 on amending certain acts in the health care system related to preventing, counteracting, and combating COVID-19

  • introduction of the possibility for nurses and midwives, regardless of their education, to perform medical on-call duty in medical entities providing services 24 h a day

  • introduced shortening of the time of training after a break in exercising the profession

  • The possibility of qualifying donors for the donation of blood or blood components by nursing staff has been introduced.

  • Sick pay is increased from 80% to 100% for medical and nursing staff in compulsory quarantine.

  • the possibility for nursing staff to give tele-treatments

  • March 2 – Order No. 19/2020 of March 2 on the organization of WSS2 in connection with security measures against the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic and in the event of a patient presenting with suspected infection

  • a team responsible for organizational activities related to epidemic-proofing has been established

  • isolation areas have been identified

  • March 5 – Procedure to be followed in case of suspected infection with SARS-CoV-2 – Emergency Room, POZ (Primary healthcare), NaHH (Night and holiday healthcare): – necessity to interview the patients about their state of health – patients with suspected infection are directed to the “Admission Room – Coronavirus” entrance – use of protective clothing provided by the hospital to the staff.

Information from the Director concerning the organization of work in the reception room in order to separate the isolation area for patients with suspected infection with SARS-CoV-2
  • to close all entrances to the hospital between 20:00 h and 5:00 h

  • to require the ward staff to ensure that visitors have left the hospital premises by 19:30 h at the latest

  • March 10 – Order No. 22/2020 of March 10 on the introduction of organizational changes in WSS2 related to the epidemiological situation caused by SARS-CoV-2:

  • introduction of pre-qualification of patients based on the questionnaire in the format prescribed, which was administered to patients suspected of having SARS-CoV-2 infection through a barricade that was specifically created for this purpose (in a tent closely adjacent to the side entrance to the hospital)

  • three organizational zones were introduced: red for hospital employees; green for patients of the specialist clinic, primary care, laboratory, and physiotherapy laboratory; and blue for patients of hospital wards, dialysis station, NaHH, and Diagnostic Imaging Department

  • Patient labelling with color-coded identification bands is introduced.

  • March 13 – Information from the Director about the introduction of a ban on the entry of clergy into hospital premises; an exception to the ban is made in life-threatening situations

  • March 16 – Suspension of all admissions for hospitalization/treatment/tests planned until further notice

  • prohibition of laboratory staff (subcontractor) from entering hospital premises; codes have been introduced to separate medical and administrative areas

  • March 17 – Rules on collection, characterization, and transport of biological material for laboratory testing for SARS-CoV-2 by real time PCR (The coronavirus PCR test is a genetic test to confirm SARS CoV-2 virus infection)

  • only a doctor of infectious diseases may order testing for COVID-19

  • only a physician may perform SARS-CoV-2 testing

  • specific procedures are given for the preservation of the biological material collected

Order No. 30/2020 of March17 on changing the work organization of WSS2 in connection with the epidemiological situation
  • work of specialist outpatient clinics was restricted

  • all planned admissions to hospital, treatments, and examinations were suspended (until further notice), except for oncology patients, drug programs, and KOS – infarction (cardiac care and rehabilitation programme)

  • performance of sterilization services for external entities suspended

  • relocation of primary care outpatient clinics to NaHH premises

  • a schedule was established for the availability of physicians on call for patients of specialist clinics and wards of the hospital

  • Information was provided to the hospital emergency room on referring patients with suspected or actual infection to specific treatment centers.

  • information to managers of organizational units (head of department) on absolute limitation of interdepartmental consultations, use of available means of communication (telephone, e-mail), absolute ban on transferring paper documentation between units

  • March 18 – Isolation procedure for patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 and use of personal protective equipment by staff

  • segregation of so-called “isolation” rooms and marking of these rooms

  • segregation of staff, on each shift, dealing with patients suspected of or infected with COVID-19 staying in isolation rooms

  • visits to the patient are prohibited

  • meals to be served in disposable containers

  • the need for staff leaving the isolation room to maintain complete hygiene

  • there is a precise sequence for putting on and removing personal protective equipment, which is disposable

IV.
  • April 3 – Ordinance of the Minister of Health of April 3, amending the Ordinance on the handling of remains and human remains

  • April 15 – Ordinance of the Minister of Health of April 15, 2020 amending the Ordinance on general terms and conditions of contracts for the provision of healthcare services

  • sets out detailed rules for the settlement of services contracted with the NFZ (National Health Fund) in the event of discontinuation of services under the concluded agreements for the treatment of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2

  • April 16 – Law of April 16, 2020 on specific support instruments in connection with the spread of the virus

  • Specified working hours, daily rest in health care services for the duration of the epidemic

  • April 17 – Guidelines of the team of epidemiological nursing consultants for measures to prevent the spread of SARS-CoV-2 infections in the hospital environment

  • define the conditions for isolation of patients with suspected or actual infection, the rules for maintaining cleanliness during isolation, handling the patient's linen, medical waste, and food,

  • determination of rules for handling dead bodies of infected persons

  • April 19 – Regulation of the Council of Ministers of April 19, 2020 on the establishment of certain restrictions, orders, and prohibitions in connection with the occurrence of an epidemic

  • April 21 – Ordinance of the President of the National Health Fund of April 21, 2020 amending the Ordinance on the principles of reporting and conditions of settlement of healthcare services related to the prevention, counteraction, and eradication of COVID-19

  • the possibility of concluding contracts for performing diagnostic RT-PCR tests for SARS-CoV-2 and their settlement was introduced

  • April 24 – Communication from the Minister for Health – referral for work to combat epidemics

  • presentation of remuneration to persons assigned to work to combat epidemics

  • April 25 – Polish diagnostic-therapeutic and organizational recommendations for the care of persons infected or exposed to SARS-CoV-2 infection:

  • defined the principles of pharmacotherapy, oxygen therapy, and management of patients in the ICU (intensive-care unit)

  • recommendations for the protection of medical personnel against infection are included

  • April 28 – Ordinance of the Minister of Health of April 28, 2020 on standards for restrictions on the provision of healthcare services to patients other than those suspected of or infected with SARS-CoV-2 by medical professionals having direct contact with patients with suspected or actual infection

  • changes have been introduced for medical professionals working with patients suspected of or infected with SARS-CoV-2, restricting their work with healthy patients

  • April 30 – Communication from the National Health Fund on additional measures for persons providing services in entities in connection with the COVID-19 outbreak

  • April 2 – Order No. 36/2020 of April 2 on organizational changes to minimize the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection

  • change in the organization of work in the administration area concerning, inter alia, matters related to the circulation of paper documentation, e.g., issue of pay slips, transmission of statistical cards to the Medical Statistics Department, issue of personnel certificates

  • closed-door office operation and reduction in personal contacts

  • April 3 – Decision of the Director on the detailed method of transmitting intra-hospital correspondence

  • April 6 – Director's recommendation to separate single rooms in each ward for initial isolation of patients with justified suspicion of infection (number of rooms depends on needs)

  • April 7 – Agreement between the Hospital Director and Trade Unions

  • the settlement period was extended from April 1, 2020 to December 31, 2020

  • an equivalent working time system was introduced, which allowed the daily working time to be extended to 12 h

  • shift work in administration was introduced

  • Information from the Director specifying the rules for delivering packages for hospitalized patients

  • April 14 – Procedure in ZOL (Care and Treatment Facility), ZPO (Health care team), and NaHH, POZ – in the case of suspected patient infection with SARS-CoV-2

  • Designation of three entrances to the building (second hospital location):

  • Entry No. 1: main entrance to ZOL, ZPO, NaHH–pediatric patients

  • Entrance No. 2: main entrance to POZ, NaHH–adult patients

  • Entrance No. 3: entrance to the staff bathroom after contact

  • rules of handing over packages for patients in ZOL and ZPO are defined

  • determines the procedure in the event of a patient presenting to the POZ and NON-POZ

  • April 15 – Order No. 39/2020 of April 15 on the isolation area for internal medicine patients suspected of SARS-CoV-2 infection requiring hospitalization

  • conversion of the Rehabilitation Ward into an isolation area

  • The principles of organization of work of the medical and nursing staff in the newly established isolatorium were determined.

  • recommendation of the director concerning the introduction of new principles of collecting material for testing for SARS-CoV-2

  • the need to take a swab for all patients to be hospitalized in the wards of the hospital

  • a special room was prepared for swabbing patients for planned hospitalization

  • April 16 – Director's decision on the introduction of new rules for patients reporting for examinations in the Diagnostic Imaging Department

  • April 23 – Director's order to change the place and hours of delivery of parcels for patients

  • April 27 – Management and organization of work in the operating theatre in the case of a patient suspected of or diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection

  • separate operating rooms for gynecological-obstetric patients suspected of or infected with SARS-CoV-2 in order to perform emergency Cesarean sections or natural deliveries

  • defined rules for the work of the surgical, anesthetic, neonatology, and cleaning teams

  • the procedure for the management of suspected SARS-CoV-2 infection in a trauma patient

  • indicates the principles for management of trauma patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 in the emergency room, operating theatre, and Diagnostic Imaging Department, and indicates the contact details of medical entities that have infectious wards treating trauma patients within their structure

Procedure to be followed in the case of suspected patient infection with SARS-CoV-2 – Pediatric Ward
  • defined management in the pediatric emergency room of a patient asymptomatic for SARS-CoV-2 but in contact with a person in whom SARS-CoV-2 infection has been confirmed and a patient with symptoms for infection

  • preparation of an isolation room for a child suspected of SARS-CoV-2 infection

  • Order 43/2020 of April 30 on the amendment of Order No. 22/2020 of March 10 on the introduction of organizational changes related to the epidemiological situation caused by SARS-CoV-2

  • pre-qualification of persons presenting themselves at specialized clinics has been introduced

  • April 30 – Order 44/2020 of April 30 on the resumption of physiotherapy workshops for outpatient physiotherapy and day center and specialist outpatient clinics

  • obliged the manager of the physiotherapy laboratory, the managing physician of the Rehabilitation Ward, and the manager of specialist outpatient clinics to draw up a schedule of patient admissions and to establish rules for the safe provision of services

  • the rules of initial qualification (sluice) of patients reporting to the physiotherapy area and specialist outpatient clinics are specified in detail

V.
  • May 2 – Regulation of the Council of Ministers on the establishment of certain restrictions, orders, and prohibitions in connection with an epidemic situation

  • May 4 – Announcement of NFZ Headquarters regarding the provision of medical rehabilitation services

  • possibility of re-establishing activity in the scope of inpatient and outpatient rehabilitation

  • possibility of full-scale reinstatement of inpatient rehabilitation centers/units

  • May 5 – Message from NFZ Central Office to healthcare providers regarding SZOI portal (Information Management System)

  • updated documentation on electronic verification and confirmation of medical device orders

Opinion of a national consultant in family medicine on the conduct of balance studies in children during the COVID-19 pandemic
  • May 6 – Recommendations for the organization of long-term care services during the COVID-19 pandemic

  • limiting visits to patients

  • reducing to a minimum the number of staff required to work with patients in the long-term care area (separation of nursing sub-units and units)

  • limitation of employment of medical personnel

  • use of ICT systems by doctors to consult patients in long-term care facilities

  • May 8 – Resolution No. 321/2020/VII of the Regional Council of Nurses and Midwives in Katowice of May 8, 2020

  • A special financial aid for the members of the District Chamber of Nurses and Midwives in Katowice granted in the event of infection with the virus

  • May 11 – Communication of the Minister of Health concerning the possibility to perform a swab for COVID-19 on the 12th day of quarantine, under the condition of self-transport, without contact with other persons

  • announcement from the National Health Fund Headquarters about increasing the number of available swab points for SARS-CoV-2

  • communication of the Minister of Health on family childbirth

  • the need for a negative PCR test for COVID-19 for the person accompanying the childbirth

  • the need for an epidemiological interview of the pregnant woman and the attendant

  • the length of time the attendant has to stay at the birth is specified

  • May 12 – Regulation of the Minister of Health amending the regulation on the organizational standard of care in isolation facilities

  • May 29 – Regulation of the Council of Ministers of May 29, 2020 on the establishment of certain restrictions, orders, and prohibitions in connection with the occurrence of an epidemic

  • discontinuation of health services provided in mobile vehicles

  • discontinuation of rehabilitation services provided under contracts awarded by ZUS (Social Insurance Institution)

  • May 8 – Director's recommendation on the organization of work in the event of an influx of large numbers of patients suspected of or infected with SARS-CoV-2

  • the need to report the current occupancy and severity status of patients, vacant ventilators, and staff status

  • the order of procedure was established: suspension of admissions in the Admissions Chamber and reorganization of wards in case of exhaustion of isolation places in wards (Otolaryngology)

  • May 13 – Information from the Director on the launch of the electronic sending of payslips; creation of e-mail service boxes for each staff member, irrespective of the form of employment

  • May 21 – Procedure for dealing with patients admitted to hospital on an elective basis given the risk of transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic

  • define scheduled admissions to all wards of the hospital, with detailed epidemiological history taking by telephone before scheduled admission

  • defined planned admissions to the ward not exceeding two patients per day, except for ZOL and ZPO

  • it was recommended to perform a swab prior to admission for COVID-19

  • the rules of informing about admissions by the registration of the Admissions Chamber are specified

  • May 25 – Director's information on requiring staff to self-measure their body temperature before entering hospital premises. Director's recommendation regarding reporting of isolation vacancies in wards

  • May 27 – Director's recommendation defining rules for limited work in specialist clinics: one doctor = 10–12 patients; two doctors in Trauma and Orthopedic Clinic (previously 5)

  • May 29 – Director's decision on the mandatory maintenance of the national COVID-19 patient register (with effect from June 1, 2020)

  • WHOLE MAY – Establishment of “swabbing” teams within the framework of the established cooperation with the Pniówek mine in order to perform swabs for the presence of SARS-CoV-2 among the mine employees

VI.
  • June 1 – Message from NFZ Headquarters: – The possibility of resuming the operation of spas from June 16 only for patients with a negative diagnostic test result for SARS-CoV-2

  • June 3 – Communication from the Minister of Health – Update on recommendations concerning COVID-19 outbreak for family/primary care midwives

  • June 16 – Communication from the Minister of Health on the allocation of funds for the fight against the epidemic

  • Appropriation of funds from the program Knowledge Education Development for salary supplements for the staff of nursing homes, residential care units, and hospices, as well as for purchase of personal protective equipment and disinfectants, for the period of the COVID-19 pandemic

Regulation of the President of the NFZ no. 87/2020/DSOZ amending the regulation on detailed conditions of agreements in the system of basic hospital healthcare services
  • June 17 – Order of the President of the NFZ No. 86/2020/DEF on the change of the financial plan of the National Health Fund for 2020

  • Increase of costs of healthcare services in voivodeship plans by PLN 302.679 million.

Regulation of the Minister of Health amending the regulation on infectious diseases causing the obligation of hospitalization, home isolation, and the obligation of quarantine or epidemiological surveillance
  • specified the duration of quarantine until a negative COVID-19 test result is obtained

  • June 19 – Information of the National Health Fund of June 19, 2020 on the possibility of settlement of diagnostic tests for SARS-Co-V-2 in medical students doing their student internships in medical institutions

  • regulation of the Council of Ministers on the establishment of certain restrictions, orders, and prohibitions in connection with the occurrence of an epidemic

  • June 26 – Regulation of the Minister of Health on the amount of basic monthly remuneration of physicians and dentists undergoing specialization within the framework of residency

  • determines the adjustment of remuneration of doctors during their residency

  • June 29 – Ordinance of the Minister of Health of June 29, 2020 amending the Ordinance on infectious diseases giving rise to the obligation of hospitalization, isolation, or home isolation and the obligation of quarantine or epidemiological surveillance

  • established a quarantine period for persons who had contact with an infected person of 14 days

  • June 3 – Information from the Director regarding the suspension (until further notice) of elective admissions due to the lack of isolation places for patients

  • June 17 – Director's recommendation to change the entrance to the NaHH

  • June 30 – Director's message on changing the entrance for patients reporting to specialist clinics and physiotherapy laboratories, with a new route for dependent patients and those in wheelchairs

  • crossing of traffic routes between patients and administrative staff

VII.
  • July 2 – Communication from the Minister of Health

  • a higher valuation has been established for POZ and AOS (Outpatient specialist care) facilities that issue electronic referrals

  • July 15 – Order of the President of the NFZ No. 109/2020/DEF on release of general reserve included in the financial plan of the National Health Fund for 2020

  • request for release of the general reserve in the amount of PLN 1.000 million

  • July 20 – Ordinance of the Minister of Health amending the ordinance on standards for restrictions on the provision of healthcare services to patients other than those suspected of or infected with SARS-CoV-2 by medical professionals having direct contact with patients suspected of or infected with SARS-CoV-2

  • introduced the possibility of providing services by restricted personnel only with the consent of the head of the health care unit

  • July 30 – Message from the Ombudsman

  • removes the stipulation necessitating attendants at family births to show a negative COVID-19 test result

  • July 16 – Information from the Director dated July 16, 2020 regarding the separation of the “SARS-Co-V-2 diagnostic area for elective admissions” and the schedule of swab collection by individual departments

Information regarding the possibility of visiting a family member with a dying or critically ill patient by prior arrangement with the managing physician
  • July 28 – Information from the Director on resumption of admission of patients for elective procedures

VIII.
  • August 7 – The Ombudsman's communication

  • impunity of doctors for manslaughter or grievous bodily harm is introduced

  • August 12 – Ordinance of the Minister of Health on the organizational standard of teleportation in primary health care

  • August 14 – Law of August 14, 2020 on amending certain laws to ensure the functioning of health care in connection with and after the COVID-19 pandemic

  • August 18 – Order of the Minister of Health on the appointment of a Team for purchasing COVID-19 vaccine

  • The term of office of the bodies of the professional chambers of medicine has been extended.

  • August 25 – Order of the President of the NFZ No. 130/2020/DEF on the change of the financial plan of the National Health Fund for 2020

  • costs of healthcare services in regional branches were increased to the total amount of PLN 1.093.166 million

The Regulation of the President of the NFZ No. 131/2020/DSOZ amending the regulation on conditions for conclusion and performance of agreements on provision of healthcare services in the scope of basic healthcare
  • introduced obligation for doctors to report services provided remotely

  • August 27 – Communication from the Ministry of Health

  • the quarantine period for asymptomatic persons has been shortened to 10 days

  • August 18 – Director's note dated August 18, 2020 regarding the forwarding of paper correspondence to and from the main secretariat by designated secretaries at specific times

IX.
  • September 1 – Ordinance of the Council of Ministers of September 1, 2020 amending the Ordinance on the establishment of certain restrictions, orders, and prohibitions in connection with the occurrence of an epidemic

  • specified the necessity of a negative diagnostic result test for SARS-CoV-2 taken not earlier than 6 days before the designated date of admission to ZOL or ZPO (tests financed from public funds)

  • reduced quarantine period to 10 days

  • September 3 – Decision of the Silesian Voivode – WSS2 was instructed to prepare beds for patients with suspected SARS-CoV-2 infection, which meet the requirements ensuring prevention of the virus infection (isolation rooms)

Announcement of the Ministry of Health – an autumn strategy for combating COVID-19 was presented, which, among other things, refers to the establishment of three levels of hospital security
  • September 5 – Communication from the NFZ Headquarters on the recommendation of PCP (primary care provider) doctors to test for SARS-CoV-2

  • September 10 – Communication from the Minister of Health – rapid antigen tests allowing identification of the virus in 10–30 min have been allocated to EDs and Admissions Chambers

  • September 15 – Information to the President of the National Health Fund on SARS-CoV-2 screening for students of medical faculties and students of post-secondary schools training for medical professions

  • September 23 – Recommendation of the National Health Fund of September 22, 2020 with reference to the decision of the Voivode of September 3, 2020 to provide information on the cells in which isolation beds of level I were separated

  • September 23 – Communication from the Ministry of Health – rules for ordering SARS-CoV-2 tests and detailed algorithms for the management of independent and dependent patients have been established

  • September 8 – Response to the Voivode decision dated September 8, 2020

  • preparation of 22 places meeting the requirements in question:

  • OAiIT (anaesthesiology and intensive care unit) – one bed,

  • Department of Rehabilitation – one bed,

  • Neurosurgery Ward – two beds

  • Department of General Surgery – two beds

  • Department of Trauma and Orthopedic Surgery – two beds

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology Ward – one bed

  • Department of Otolaryngology – one bed

  • Urology Ward – one bed

  • Gastrologic and Internal Medicine Ward – one bed

  • Cardiology-Internal Ward – one beds

  • Ophthalmology Ward – one bed

  • Nephrology-Internal Ward – one bed

  • Dialysis Station – one bed

  • Neurology Ward – two beds

  • Pediatrics Ward – one bed

  • OICU (Obstetric Intensive Care Unit) – one bed

  • Accident and Emergency Department – one bed

  • September 10 – Announcement by the Director on the transfer of the NaHH for children to the second hospital site

  • September 15 – Procedure for visiting patients in special situations in ZOL and ZPO

  • September 21 – Information from the Director regarding the temporary closure of one of the two entrances/exits for hospital employees

  • September 29 – Order 103/2020 of September 29, 2020 on the organization of the work of WSS2 in connection with the epidemiological situation

  • entrance to specialist outpatient clinics reopened

  • Pre-qualification at the entrance to the green zone for outpatients was created.

  • Specific eligibility criteria were established

  • The main entrance was made available to patients collecting medical documentation (test results, discharges, photocopies of medical documentation)

  • A schedule is established for the issue of documentation by individual departments

X
  • October 7 – Information of the Silesian Voivode regarding the indication of medical entities that provide health services in selected specializations for infected patients

  • Act of October 7, 2020 amending certain acts to counteract the socio-economic effects of COVID-19

  • October 8 – The Ordinance of the Minister of Health of October 8, 2020 on the organizational standard of health care for patients suspected of or infected with SARS-CoV-2

  • specified detailed tasks of Primary Health Care physicians

  • Communication from the Minister of Health

  • 16 coordinating hospitals have been established

  • Regulation of the Minister of Health of 8 October 2020 amending the regulation on the organizational standard of care in isolation facilities

  • possibility for HCPs to refer patients to an isolation facility

  • no need to refer people waiting for a test result to an isolatorium

  • October 14 – Decision of the Silesian Voivode of October 14, 2020 on the necessity to create 45 beds for COVID-19 patients (including 7 ventilator beds) in WSS2 from October 16, 2020 with simultaneous maintenance of 22 isolation beds from September 15, 2020

Communication from NFZ Head Office
  • it was recommended to temporarily suspend scheduled services

  • October 19 – Communication from the Minister of Health

  • introduced a COVID-19 medical staff benefit of 100% for doctors, nurses, and paramedics

  • established 100% of remuneration for medics arriving in quarantine or isolation

  • voivodeship hospitals have been instructed to transform their internal medicine wards into “Covid” wards

  • October 20 – Decision of the Silesian Voivode concerning the reporting of: number of occupied and free beds for patients with suspected infection, number of occupied and free beds for infected patients, and number of occupied and free ventilator beds for infected patients

  • October 23 – Ordinance of the Minister of Health amending the Ordinance on the organizational standard of health care provision for patients suspected of or infected with SARS-CoV-2

  • Allows feldspersons to provide care for patients suspected of infection with SARS-CoV-2

  • October 24 – Announcement of the National Health Fund Headquarters – operation of health resorts suspended

  • October 28 – Announcement from the NHF Headquarters – conversion of some spa hospitals and sanatoriums into isolation facilities

  • October 30 – Information from the Consultant in Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Nursing on the necessity to prepare nursing staff to work with infected patients and to familiarize themselves within the framework of internal or individual training with materials concerning adaptation to work in the ICU and management of intubated patients – the information concerns the remaining nursing staff, i.e., those not experienced in work in the ICU

  • October 7 – Information from the Director about the need to immediately suspend admissions to the Ophthalmology Department due to the need to designate an area for ENT (Otolaryngology) patients, and to suspend the operation of the ophthalmology outpatient clinic

  • October 8 – Information from the Director on the need to immediately stop admissions to the Cardiology and Internal Medicine Department due to the need to prepare the Gastrologic and Internal Medicine and Nephrology Departments for hospitalization of patients with a positive test result for COVID-19 with simultaneous appointment of a contact person, update of reports once every 3 h

  • October 14 – Order 116/2020 of October 14, 2020 on the organization of work in connection with the epidemiological situation.

  • It was ordered to create hospital places for patients with a positive test result for SARS-CoV-2:

  • Gastrologic and Internal Medicine Department – 11 beds (October 16, 2020)

  • Rehabilitation Ward – seven beds (October 16, 2020)

  • Nephrology and Internal Medicine Ward – 18 beds (October 16, 2020)

  • Otolaryngology Ward – nine beds (October 22, 2020)

  • The establishment of an isolation facility for patients with unknown outcome was ordered:

  • Department of General Surgery – six beds

  • Trauma and Orthopedics Ward – six beds

  • an area was separated in the Ophthalmology Ward for the activity of the Otolaryngology Ward

  • the operation of the operating theatre was limited to two tables

  • admissions were suspended except for acute cases, oncology patients, children, and pregnant women

  • all medical staff were stopped from availing planned leaves, internships, and secondments

  • it was recommended to prepare seven “covidien” beds in the Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy Department

  • it was recommended to change the organization of the admission room in order to eliminate the crossing of communication routes (emergency and COVID-19 patients)

  • October 22 – Information from the Director that in the newly opened ENT Department, medical care shall be provided by doctors of the Cardiology and Internal Medicine Department

  • October 27 – Director's recommendation on the daily appointment of a COVID-19 coordinating physician

  • October 28 – Information from the Director concerning a change of location of the Information Centre (place of collection and return of keys to the premises)

XI
  • November 1 – Announcement from NFZ Headquarters: – Additional remuneration has been granted to the staff of EDs, emergency rooms, medical rescue teams, and laboratory diagnosticians in connection with the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic

  • November 2 – Regulation of the Council of Ministers of November 2, 2020 amending the regulation on the establishment of certain restrictions, orders, and prohibitions in connection with the occurrence of an epidemic state: – abolition of the obligation of quarantine for medical practitioners after the test

  • November 3 – Ordinance of the Minister of Health of November 3, 2020 amending the Ordinance on infectious diseases giving rise to the obligation of hospitalization, isolation, or home isolation and the obligation of quarantine or epidemiological surveillance: – recommended daily antigen test for personnel providing health services for a period of 7 days in order to avoid quarantine and thus removal from work

Ordinance of the Minister of Health of November 3, 2020 amending the ordinance on detailed requirements to be met by the premises and equipment of an entity conducting medical activity: – standards for field hospitals have been established
  • November 4 – Announcement from NFZ Headquarters – support has been granted to hospitals in the form of people working for the Territorial Defence Army in updating data on vacant beds

  • November 9 – Decision of the Silesian Voivode of November 9, 2020: – the need to create 145 beds for COVID-19 patients in WSS2 (130 oxygen beds for adults, 5 oxygen beds for children, 7 respiratory beds for adults, and 3 respiratory beds for children)

  • November 16 – Announcement from NFZ Headquarters – traditional hospitals have been divided into 4 types:

  • I level – hospitals for patients with suspected infection with SARS-CoV-2

  • II level – hospitals that treat patients infected with SARS-CoV-2

  • Level III – hospitals that treat patients infected with SARS-CoV-2, but the main reason for hospitalization is not COVID-19

  • Level IV – Hybrid hospitals, coordinating

  • November 18 – Information from the District Chamber of Nurses and Midwives on the new training rules for nurses returning to work after a break in their profession

  • November 26 – Order of the President of the NFZ No. 188/2020/DEF of November 26, 2020 on releasing the general reserve included in the financial plan of the National Health Fund for 2020: – general reserve was released for increasing the financing of healthcare services

  • November 27 – Decision of the Silesian Voivode

  • 95 “covidien” beds including 15 ventilator beds to be opened in WSS2

  • November 28 – Act of November 28, 2020 amending the law on certain acts in connection with countering emergencies related to COVID-19: – increased the minimum wage from 150% of the basic wage to 200% in the entity to which the employee was referred – allowed paramedics to collect material for COVID-19 testing

  • November 5 – Information from the Director concerning the reopening of the Hemodynamics Laboratory

  • November 6 – Information from the Director in connection with reorganization of the work environment and organization of work in the Central Sterilisation Department, enabling decontamination of rooms by employees of the Sterilisation Department after SARS-Cov-2 infected patients have vacated them

  • November 12 – Director's briefing on the opening of further “covidium” beds

  • maintenance of 67 beds, i.e., 22 observation beds + 45 beds for positive patients including 38 oxygen beds [Nephrology – Internal Medicine (18), gastrologic – Internal Medicine (11), Laryngology (9), and 7 ventilator beds (Rehabilitation Ward)]

  • in the decision from November 30 to provide 145 beds for patients with confirmed SARS-Cov-2 infection

  • creation of a 12-bed ICU for infected patients, in place of the current anesthesiology and ICU

  • establishment of a five-station anesthesiology and ICU for COVID-19 negative patients on the other side of the Rehabilitation Ward

  • creation of a 10-bed (ultimately 46) ward for COVID-19 positive patients in the place of the current Trauma and Orthopedics Ward

  • reduction of the rooms occupied by the Neurology Ward and the Stroke Ward to rooms in one section

  • change of the location of the Trauma and Orthopedic Ward – rooms in the vacated part of the Neurology and Stroke Ward

  • November 16 – Information from the Director on the absolute prohibition to enter the Personnel Department

  • November 19 – Director's Order 145/2020 of November 19, 2020 on the organization of nursing staff work in view of the epidemiological situation

  • instructed ward/coordinating nurses to appoint from among their staff a person to secure the “Covid” sections

  • presented the scheme of transfers of nurses from December 1, 2020

  • November 30 – Information from the Director about the possibility of transmitting to the Head of the Registry Office the Death Certificate in the form of an electronic document

XII.
  • December 8 – Communication of the Prime Minister – announcement by the Government of the National Vaccination Programme

  • December 14 – Announcement from NFZ Headquarters – announcement of a list of hospitals that perform vaccinations for the staff of medical institutions

  • December 21 – Regulation of the Council of Ministers of December 21, 2020 on the establishment of certain restrictions, orders, and prohibitions in connection with the occurrence of an epidemic state: – removal of quarantine obligation for vaccinated persons; removal of restrictions for vaccinated persons when using care and treatment facilities

  • December 30 – Communication from the Minister of Health on Comirnaty – concentrates for the preparation of mRNA (messenger RNA) vaccine against COVID-19:

  • recommendation one vial allows the preparation of five doses,

  • the product is administered intramuscularly after dilution of the vial as a series of two doses 21 days apart

  • the dose to the patient is 0.3 ml

  • vial contains 5 doses with a possibility of up to seven doses

  • inject 1.8 ml NaCL0.9% into the vial

  • do not combine residual doses from two different vials

  • December 2 – Management order 166/2020 of December 2, 2020 on taking measures to increase the hospital's preparedness for an increase in hospitalizations related to SARS-CoV-2 infection

  • the role of hospital coordinator for “Covid” wards has been established

  • a scheme was prepared for the activation of additional posts with access to oxygen

  • an obligation was introduced to provide practical training to physicians on providing medical services to patients infected with SARS-CoV-2

  • December 11 – Information from the Director dated December 11, 2020 on the designation of the hospital as a vaccination point for personnel of medical entities performing therapeutic activities (nodal hospital): – It was recommended to prepare a preliminary list of those willing to be vaccinated against COVID

  • December 18 – Information from the Director regarding the suspension of the operation of the Pediatric and the Internal Medicine Wards due to the confirmation of SARS-CoV-2 infection among patients and staff of these wards

  • December 21 – Order No. 178/2020 of December 21, 2020 on the appointment of the COVID-19 vaccination coordinator

  • December 29 – Information from the Director concerning the dates of vaccination against COVID-19 for employees of the Hospital

Annual summary of SARS-CoV-2 infections [Map of COVID-19 infections 2021]

Month in 2020PolandSilesian Voivodeship
January00
February00
March2,311264
April10,5661,975
May10,9096,170
June10,6074,430
July11,2953,481
August21,6844,327
September24,1422,125
October249,32025,135
November649,97779,912
December304,06727,764

Number of patients treated in WSS2 in individual departments in 2020 [Own study]

DepartmentNumber of patients treated

010203040506070809101112
Pediatric Intensive Care8171289977139119
ICU353337273137383022383638
Obstetrics-Gynecology330327314250249291305304326280262240
Neurosurgery1191318838761039381108754054
General Surgery201193161108101118134127153130113106
Trauma-Orthopedics1651631336276114127119118966888
Otolaryngology537560141722273544402925
Urology223210154398812116415119112794122
Gastrological-Internal18015211810111610811994122129121139
Cardiology-Internal189206141107176167174163179155147169
Rehabilitation102109716002083916406
Ophthalmology1621801092214118318216921199133172
Nephrology-Internal106100887269691057471837375
Neurology168151117919295106102131897190
Neonatology119122140128130112120134131106106101
Pediatrics00074350495160523853

Assessment of the probability of infection by WSS2 employees [Own study]

Likelihood of infection (%)
Patient61.89
Collaborators62.24
Families51.39
Third parties (in a shop, walking, etc.)61.82
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/ijme-2022-0012 | Journal eISSN: 2543-5361 | Journal ISSN: 2299-9701
Language: English
Page range: 192 - 217
Submitted on: Feb 19, 2022
Accepted on: Jun 11, 2022
Published on: Jun 30, 2022
Published by: Warsaw School of Economics
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 4 issues per year

© 2022 Dariusz Masłowski, Ewa Kulińska, Mariusz Salwin, Karolina Pawlas, Karolina Kulińska-Jachowska, published by Warsaw School of Economics
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.