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Initial conditions and parameter values for model 1_
| Parameter | Value | Parameter | Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| 100000 | 2000 | ||
| 10000 | μT | 0.0027 | |
| μL | 5.48 × 10−04 | μH | 3.91 × 10−05 |
| ΛT | 54.79 | ΛL | 1.095 |
| ΛH | 0.39 | σH | 1/5 |
| γH | 1/8 | δH | 0.02 |
| ωR | 0.05 | σL | 1/4 |
| γL | 1/5 | βTL | 0.6 |
| βLT | 0.4 | βTH | 0.15 |
| βLH | 0.10 | βHH | 0.05 |
| kA | 5.0 | η1 | 2.0 |
| η2 | 0.5 | ωA | 0.10 |
Error norms for different state variables at different values of L_
| Variable | L = 8 | L = 16 | L = 32 | L = 64 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ST | 3.942 × 10−5 | 7.661 × 10−7 | 2.916 × 10−10 | 6.411 × 10−10 |
| IT | 3.942 × 10−5 | 7.661 × 10−7 | 2.849 × 10−10 | 6.834 × 10−10 |
| SL | 4.536 × 10−5 | 9.096 × 10−7 | 4.192 × 10−10 | 7.547 × 10−10 |
| EL | 1.563 × 10−5 | 3.058 × 10−7 | 4.842 × 10−9 | 4.842 × 10−9 |
| IL | 1.409 × 10−5 | 2.827 × 10−7 | 5.817 × 10−10 | 1.502 × 10−9 |
| SH | 6.783 × 10−6 | 1.421 × 10−7 | 3.452 × 10−9 | 9.442 × 10−9 |
| EH | 2.558 × 10−6 | 4.950 × 10−8 | 2.719 × 10−10 | 2.719 × 10−10 |
| IH | 2.538 × 10−6 | 5.004 × 10−8 | 5.485 × 10−11 | 1.067 × 10−9 |
| RH | 2.977 × 10−6 | 9.368 × 10−8 | 1.921 × 10−10 | 4.540 × 10−10 |
| A | 1.584 × 10−4 | 3.094 × 10−6 | 1.021 × 10−8 | 1.021 × 10−8 |
Description of the state variables in the CCHF transmission model_
| State variable | Description |
|---|---|
| ST(t) | Susceptible tick population. |
| IT(t) | Infected tick population capable of transmitting CCHF. |
| SL(t) | Susceptible livestock population. |
| EL(t) | Exposed livestock population in the latent stage. |
| IL(t) | Infectious livestock population. |
| SH(t) | Susceptible human population. |
| EH(t) | Exposed human population during the incubation period. |
| IH(t) | Infectious human population. |
| RH(t) | Recovered human population with temporary immunity. |
| A(t) | Level of public awareness and behavioral response. |
Description of the parameters used in the CCHF transmission model_
| Parameter | Description |
|---|---|
| ΛT, ΛL, ΛH | Recruitment rates of ticks, livestock, and humans. |
| μT, μL, μH | Natural mortality rates. |
| βTL | Transmission rate from infected ticks to livestock. |
| βLT | Transmission rate from infected livestock to ticks. |
| βTH | Transmission rate from infected ticks to humans. |
| βLH | Transmission rate from infected livestock to humans. |
| βHH | Human-to-human transmission rate. |
| σL, σH | Progression rates from exposed to infectious classes. |
| γL, γH | Recovery rates of livestock and humans. |
| δH | Disease-induced mortality rate in humans. |
| ωR | Rate of loss of immunity in recovered humans. |
| η1, η2 | Awareness generation rates. |
| ωA | Natural decay rate of awareness. |
| kA | Strength of awareness-induced behavioral response. |
Residual Error norms for different state variables at increasing values of L_
| Variable | L = 8 | L = 16 | L = 32 | L = 64 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ST | 1.100 × 10−5 | 2.245 × 10−7 | 5.839 × 10−12 | 5.843 × 10−12 |
| IT | 1.100 × 10−5 | 2.245 × 10−7 | 5.838 × 10−12 | 5.840 × 10−12 |
| SL | 5.670 × 10−5 | 1.490 × 10−6 | 5.841 × 10−12 | 5.843 × 10−12 |
| EL | 3.768 × 10−5 | 1.040 × 10−6 | 5.842 × 10−12 | 5.843 × 10−12 |
| IL | 1.631 × 10−5 | 3.916 × 10−7 | 5.842 × 10−12 | 5.840 × 10−12 |
| SH | 1.250 × 10−6 | 2.846 × 10−8 | 5.844 × 10−12 | 5.841 × 10−12 |
| EH | 1.165 × 10−6 | 2.007 × 10−8 | 5.843 × 10−12 | 5.841 × 10−12 |
| IH | 7.326 × 10−8 | 8.928 × 10−9 | 5.842 × 10−12 | 5.893 × 10−12 |
| RH | 9.888 × 10−9 | 4.579 × 10−10 | 5.840 × 10−12 | 5.846 × 10−12 |
| A | 2.373 × 10−6 | 4.574 × 10−8 | 5.857 × 10−12 | 5.897 × 10−12 |