Figure 1.
Platform Deployment Architecture Diagram
Figure 2.
Mathematical Layer Architecture Diagram
Figure 3.
Network layer architecture diagram
Figure 4.
Device layer network topology diagram
Figure 5.
GIS data preprocessing diagram
Figure 6.
Unity 3D generates three-dimensional real-life imagesimages
Figure 7.
IoT server visual interface
Figure 8.
NodeMCU Development Board Pinout
Figure 9.
General Architecture Diagram of a Smart City
Figure 10.
Digital twin platform for a smart city
TABLE I.
Coupling, independent working, cross-platform verification table
| module | Coupling | working independently | cross-platform |
|---|---|---|---|
| Unity 3D | Low coupling | Yes | Yes |
| Web platform | Low coupling | Yes | Yes |
| IoT terminal | Low coupling | Yes | Yes |
| backend server | Low coupling | Yes | Yes |
TABLE II.
Software used in engineering and its functions
| software | effect |
|---|---|
| Visual Studio Code | Develop web platform and server and write corresponding code. |
| QGIS | Preprocess GIS data, such as data pruning. |
| Unity 3D | Generate 3D reality models. |
| Visual Studio 2022 | Write C# scripts for dynamic interaction in Unity 3D. |
| Arduino IDE | Hardware program writing and burning. |
| Postman | Data interaction API interface test. |
TABLE III.
Comparison of Architecture Development Cycle Times and Their Coupling Data Table
| Construction Methods | traditionally constructed | this paper constructs |
|---|---|---|
| digitalization layer | 24h(high coupling) | 18h(Low coupling) |
| network layer | 48h(high coupling) | 40h(Low coupling) |
| device layer | 10h(high coupling) | 8h(Low coupling) |
Figure 11.
Architecture upgrade flow chart