
Figure 1.
General surface model surface topology.

Figure 2.
Single tooth surface model based on triangular plane.

Figure 3.
General volume model topology.

Figure 4.
Single tooth volume model based on cube.
TABLE I.
Comparison of three modeling methods
| Modeling method | Instantaneity | Complexity | Computational accuracy | Robustness |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mass Spring Method | best | simple | general | general |
| Finite Element Method | general | complex | best | better |
| Boundary Element Method | general | more complex | better | better |

Figure 5.
Mass Spring Model

Figure 6.
Boundary Element Model

Figure 7.
Mass-spring-damper Model

Figure 8.
Common force feedback devices