Skip to main content
Have a personal or library account? Click to login
After Trump’s Tariffs: Economic Disorder and Systemic Chaos Cover

After Trump’s Tariffs: Economic Disorder and Systemic Chaos

By:   
Open Access
|Jul 2026

References

  1. A2 CNN. (2025, May 16). “We do not trade with genocidal states”, tension between Israel and Spain after Sanchez’s statements.
  2. Akhtar, S. I. (2025, September 18). U.S.-EU tariffs and trade framework agreement. CRS In Focus, No. IF13107. Congressional Research Service.
  3. Arrighi, G. (1994). The long twentieth century. Verso.
  4. Arrighi, G., & Silver, B. J. (Eds.). (1999). Chaos and governance in the modern world system. University of Minnesota Press.
  5. Bermingham, F. (2026, January 31). Full pivot or anxious hedge? Europe’s leaders flock to China. South China Morning Post.
  6. Bown, C. P. (2025, November 14). US–China trade war tariffs: An up-to-date chart. Peterson Institute for International Economics.
  7. Bhuiyan, J. (2025, September 18). Nvidia to invest $5bn in Intel after Trump administration’s 10% stake. The Guardian.
  8. Cook, E., & Feng, J. (2026, March 4). Map shows US military operations around world in Trump’s second term. Newsweek.
  9. D’Aprile, F., Koehler, M., Maranzano, P., Pianta, M., & Strazzari, F. (2025). Europe’s military programmes: Strategies, costs and trade-offs. LEM Working Papers, No. 2025/25. Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna. Economic Policy Institute. (2025, August 5). Firing BLS Commissioner Erika McEntarfer.
  10. European Commission. (2025a, August 27). The EU–US trade deal: Restoring stability and predictability.
  11. European Commission. (2025b). White paper for European Defence – Readiness 2030.
  12. European Commission. (2026a). The EU–India trade agreement. European Commission. (2026b). EU–Mercosur agreement.
  13. European Parliament. (n.d.). EU-China Comprehensive Agreement on Investment (EU-China CAI). Legislative Train Schedule.
  14. European Parliamentary Research Service. (2025, November 24). China’s rare-earth export restrictions.
  15. Eurostat. (2025, February). EU trade with the United States – latest developments. European Commission.
  16. Frankel, J. (2025, December 29). Why haven’t Trump’s tariffs crashed the US economy? The Guardian.
  17. Freifeld, K., Bajwa, A., & Alper, A. (2025, August 13). Trump’s unusual Nvidia deal raises new corporate and national security risks. Reuters. Gamio, L. & Romm, T. (2026, April 28). Here Are the Countries and Products Subject to Tariffs Now. The New York Times.
  18. Guarascio, D. (2026). Imperialismo digitale. Laterza.
  19. Guarascio, D., & Pianta, M. (2025). Digital technologies: Civilian vs. military trajectories. LEM Working Papers, No. 2025/08. Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna.
  20. Jaillet, P. (2026, January 22). What responses can the European Union offer to Donald Trump’s trade aggression? Institut de Relations Internationales et Stratégiques.
  21. Joint Economic Committee. (2026, January 30). November trade deficit increased to $56.8 billion, rising 95% from October. U.S. Congress Joint Economic Committee.
  22. Kläffling, D., & Fricke, T. (2025). Beyond trade wars and economic nationalism – Towards a cooperative global governance. Intereconomics, 60(5), 261–265.
  23. Marimow, A. (2026, February 20). Justices Strike Down Trump’s Tariffs. The New York Times.
  24. Meredith, S. (2025, October 29). Nvidia becomes first company to reach $5 trillion valuation, fueled by AI boom. CNBC.
  25. Milanovic, B. (2025). The great global transformation. Allen Lane.
  26. Pandey, V. (2026, January 27). Trump’s shadow looms over India-EU trade deal. BBC.
  27. Payne, C., & Silver, B. J. (2023). Domination without hegemony and the limits of US world power. Political power and social theory, 39, 159–177. Peter G. Peterson Foundation. (2026, March 18). The federal government has borrowed trillions. Who owns all that debt?
  28. Pianta, M. (2025, July 16). America’s systemic chaos strategy: Europe must forge a new path. Social Europe.
  29. Poitiers, N. (2026, January 26). What can Europe learn from Trump’s Greenland tariff threats? Bruegel.
  30. President of the United States. (2025). National security strategy of the United States of America.
  31. Revoltella, D., & Maurin, L. (2025). How EU and US firms adjust to tariff shocks in times of uncertainty. Intereconomics, 60(6), 306–307.
  32. Rodrik, D. (2025). Shared prosperity in a fractured world. Princeton University Press.
  33. SIPRI. (2025). SIPRI yearbook 2025. Oxford University Press.
  34. Smith, T. J. (2026, January 9). U.S. Hiring Continues at Modest Pace, but Weaknesses Are Evident. The New York Times.
  35. Tooze, A. (2025). Towards the next world order – Lessons from history. Intereconomics, 60(5), 257–260.
  36. UNCTAD. (2025). On the brink: Trade, finance and the reshaping of the global economy. Trade and Development Report, 2025.
  37. UNCTAD. (2026, January 15). 10 trends shaping global trade in 2026.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/ie-2026-0033 | Journal eISSN: 1613-964X | Journal ISSN: 0020-5346
Language: English
Page range: 174 - 180
Published on: Jul 3, 2026
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 6 issues per year
Keywords:

© 2026 Mario Pianta, published by ZBW – Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.