References
- 1791 Constitution, art. 17; art. 9 (Fr.)
- 2017 Constitution, art. 22 (Belg.).
- FISA Amendments Act § 702, 110th Cong. (2008).
- Grundgesetz [GG] [Constitution], 2019, art. 10 (Ger.)
- Note de suivi relative à la loi SILT (2018-03-12), p. 23 (¶ 3); Contrôle parlementaire de la loi renforçant la sécurité intérieure et la lutte contre le terrorisme (Dec. 7, 2018). Available http://www2.assembleenationale.fr/15/commissions-permanentes/commission-des-lois/controle-parlementaire-silt/controle-parlementaire-de-la-loi-renforcantlasecurite-interieure-et-la-lutte-contre-le-terrorisme/(block)/45410).
- PATRIOT Act, § 215, 107th Cong. (2001)
- U.S. Constitutional Amendment IV.
- European Convention on Human Rights (“ECHR”), art 8, Nov. 4, 1950, No. 2889, 213 U.N.T.S. 221.
- Protocol No. 11 to the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, restructuring the control machinery established thereby, Jan. 11, 1998, ETS No. 155, Council of Europe. Available https://www.echr.coe.int/Documents/Overview_19592017_ENG.pdf
- American Civil Liberties Union v. Clapper, 785 F.3d 787 (2nd Cir. 2015).
- Big Brother Watch and Others v. the United Kingdom, App. Nos. 58170/13, 62322/14 and 24960/15, 2018 Y.B. Eur. Conv. on H.R. (Eur Comm’n on H.R.).
- Boyd v. United States, 116 U.S. 616 (1886).
- Carpenter v. U.S., 138 S. Ct. 2206 (2018).
- Cases C-293/12 and C-594/12, Digital Rights Ireland Ltd v. Minister for Comms., 2014 E.C.R.
- Case C-362/14, Maximillian Schrems v. Data Protection Commissioner, 2015 E.C.R.
- Centrum För Rättvisa v. Sweden, App. No. 35252/08, 2018 Y.B. Eur. Conv. on H.R. (Eur Comm’n on H.R.).
- Clapper v. Amnesty International, 568 U.S. 398 (2013).
- Griswold v. Connecticut, 381 U.S. 479 (1965).
- In re Application of the FBI for an Order Requiring the Production of Tangible Things from [Redacted] (“2006 Primary Order”), No. BR 06-05, slip op. (F.I.S.C. May 24, 2006).
- California v. Greenwood, 486 U.S. 35 (1988).
- Katz v. U.S., 389 U.S. 347 (1967).
- Klayman v. Obama, 759 F. App’x 1, 3 (D.C. Cir. 2019).
- Rawlings v. Kentucky, 448 U.S. 98 (1980).
- Riley v. California, 573 U.S. 373 (2014).
- Schuchardt v. President of the U.S., 839 F.3d 336 (3rd Cir. 2016).
- Szabó and Vissy v. Hungary, App. No. 37138/14, 2016 Y.B. Eur. Conv. on H.R. (Eur Comm’n on H.R.)
- U.S. v. Jones, 565 U.S. 400 (2012).
- U.S. v. Knights, 534 US 112 (2001).
- Wikimedia Foundation v. National Security Agency, 867 F.3d 193 (4th Cir. 2017)
- Wikimedia Foundation v. National Security Agency/Central Security Service, et al., 2019 WL 6841325 (D. Md. 2019)
- BJORGE, Eirik. Domestic Application of the ECHR: Courts as Faithful Trustees, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2015.
- BLOOM, Robert M., BRODIN, Mark S. Brodin, Examples & Explanations for Criminal Procedure. New York: Aspen Publishers, 2019.
- BRAUCH, Jeffrey A., The Margin of Appreciation and the Jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights: Threat to the Rule of Law. Colombia Journal of European Law, 2004, vol. 11.
- ELVER, Hilal, The Headscarf Controversy: Secularism and Freedom of Religion. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012.
- GOITEIN, Elizabeth, “Beyond Snowden” Falls short on Upcoming Section 702 Re-authorization Debate, Lawfare: Privacy Paradox [online] (Sept. 7, 2017). Available https://www.lawfareblog.com/beyond-snowden-falls-short-upcoming-section-702-re-authorization-debate.
- GREER, Steven. The Margin of Appreciation: Interpretation and Discretion under the European Convention on Human Rights. Brussels: Council of Europe, 2000.
- KRATOCHVIL, Jan, The Inflation of the Margin of Appreciation by the European Court of Human Rights, The Netherlands Quarterly on Human Rights, 2011, vol. 29.
- TULKENS, Françoise, Conflicts between Fundamental Rights: Contrasting Views on Articles 9 and 10 of the European Convention on Human Rights. In Blasphemy, Insult, and Hatred. Brussels: Council of Europe, 2010, pp. 127–128.
- VERMULEN, Judith, Big brother may continue watching you, Strasbourg Observers [online] (Oct. 12, 2018). Available https://strasbourgobservers.com/2018/10/12/big-brother-may-continue-watching-you.
- Big Brother Watch v. United Kingdom, Open Society Justice Initiative [online] (June 19, 2017), Available https://www.justiceinitiative.org/litigation/big-brother-watch-v-united-kingdom.
- Clapper v. Amnesty—Challenge to FISA Amendments Act, American Civil Liberties Union Blog [online] (Feb. 26, 2015). Available https://www.aclu.org/cases/amnesty-v-clapper-challenge-fisa-amendments-act.
- Interview by John Oliver with Edward Snowden, NSA whistleblower, Last Week Tonight with John Oliver, (April 5, 2015). Available https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XEVlyP4_11M.
- Wikimedia v. NSA—Challenge to Upstream Surveillance under the FISA
- Amendments Act, American Civil Liberties Union Blog [online] (Sept. 6, 2018). Available https://www.aclu.org/cases/wikimedia-v-nsa-challenge-upstream-surveillance-under-fisa-amendments-act