Figure 1.

Figure 2.

Figure 3.

Comparison between Related MSS Schemes and the Proposed Scheme_
| Type of image | Symmetric function | Sharing capacity | Quality of recovery | Share type | Management efficiency | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| [1] | Binary, Gray | No | (n, n + 1) | Lossless | Meaningless | Low |
| [2] | Gray | No | (n, n) | Lossless | Meaningless | Low |
| [3] | Gray | No | (n, n) | Lossless | Meaningless | Low |
| [4] | Gray | Yes | (n, n) | High quality | Meaningless | Low |
| [5] | Gray | Yes | (t, n) GAS | Lossless | Meaningless | Low |
| [6] | Gray | Yes | (n, n) | Lossless | Meaningless | Low |
| The Proposed Scheme | Gray | Yes | (n, n) | High quality | Meaningful | High |
Comparison between Related Meaningful and Multiple Share-based MSS Schemes and the Proposed Scheme_
| Parameters | [20] | [21] | [24] | [23] | The Proposed Scheme |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Type of image | Gray | Gray | Binary | Binary | Gray |
| Decoding method | Boolean [OR, AND, XOR] | Boolean [XOR] | Random grid | Boolean [XOR] | Boolean [XOR] |
| Sharing capacity Share type | (n, 3n) Meaningful | (n, n + 1) Meaningful and Meaningless | (n, 2) Meaningful | (n, n) Meaningful | (n, n) Meaningful |
| Average PSNR between meaningful shares and cover images | 57 dB (2n shares), Infinity (n shares) | 17.28 dB | < 11 dB | < 10 dB | 33 dB |
| Average PSNR between secret and recovered images | Infinity | 68 dB | Low | < 22 dB | 34.72 dB |
| Management efficiency | Low | Low | High | High | High |