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Autoimmunity in human CE: Correlative with the fertility status of the CE cyst Cover

Autoimmunity in human CE: Correlative with the fertility status of the CE cyst

Helminthologia
Volume 59 (2022): Issue 1 (March 2022)
By:
Open Access
|May 2022

Figures & Tables

Fig. 1

Show the structures of the fertile hydatid cysts removed from liver tissue. (A) Light microscopy of free evaginated hydatid protoscoleces in wet mount. (B,C) Determination of parasite viability using 0.1 % eosin dye-exclusion test showing viable and dead protoscoleces respectively. Note stalks are still joining protoscoleces to the germinal layer (red asterisk) in (C). (D) Developed brood capsules encompass protoscoleces. (E) Growing protoscoleces still attached to a piece of germinal layer from a fertile cystic echinococcosis are observed; note the cells with nuclei bigger than parasite cells within the germinal layer (arrows). (F) Laminated (L) layer adjacent to the adventitial layer (AL). (G) Adventitial layer encompasses mixed inflammatory cells (IC) with sinusoids (S) and collagen element. Scale bare, 50μm (A);100 μm (B-G).
Show the structures of the fertile hydatid cysts removed from liver tissue. (A) Light microscopy of free evaginated hydatid protoscoleces in wet mount. (B,C) Determination of parasite viability using 0.1 % eosin dye-exclusion test showing viable and dead protoscoleces respectively. Note stalks are still joining protoscoleces to the germinal layer (red asterisk) in (C). (D) Developed brood capsules encompass protoscoleces. (E) Growing protoscoleces still attached to a piece of germinal layer from a fertile cystic echinococcosis are observed; note the cells with nuclei bigger than parasite cells within the germinal layer (arrows). (F) Laminated (L) layer adjacent to the adventitial layer (AL). (G) Adventitial layer encompasses mixed inflammatory cells (IC) with sinusoids (S) and collagen element. Scale bare, 50μm (A);100 μm (B-G).

Fig. 2

Plasma concentrations of IL-17A (A), ANA-sera titres (B) and anti-CCP serological values (C) in cystic echinococcosis (CE) patients using ELISA test. Patients were assembled according to the fertility state of their infection, that is, fertile with high viability, fertile with low viability, or non-fertile cystic echinococcosis. Comparisons of the paired measurements within each group were performed using the non-parametric Wilcoxon signed rank test. All data are presented as means ± SD in the three independent groups.
Plasma concentrations of IL-17A (A), ANA-sera titres (B) and anti-CCP serological values (C) in cystic echinococcosis (CE) patients using ELISA test. Patients were assembled according to the fertility state of their infection, that is, fertile with high viability, fertile with low viability, or non-fertile cystic echinococcosis. Comparisons of the paired measurements within each group were performed using the non-parametric Wilcoxon signed rank test. All data are presented as means ± SD in the three independent groups.

Fig. 3

Photomicrography of IHC-stained hydatid slides for IL-17A obtained using Olympus, CX-23, USA microscopy. Fertile hydatid cyst with high viability: (A) frequent IL-17A immune reactive cells infiltrates marginal to AL. (B) immune reactive cells among the cellular territories of the parasite’s protoscoleces along the cuticle. Note the structural composition of a protoscoleces (black arrows) still attached to germinative membrane (G). Non-fertile hydatid cysts: (C,D) showing low immune-positive cell infiltration within fibrous elements.
Photomicrography of IHC-stained hydatid slides for IL-17A obtained using Olympus, CX-23, USA microscopy. Fertile hydatid cyst with high viability: (A) frequent IL-17A immune reactive cells infiltrates marginal to AL. (B) immune reactive cells among the cellular territories of the parasite’s protoscoleces along the cuticle. Note the structural composition of a protoscoleces (black arrows) still attached to germinative membrane (G). Non-fertile hydatid cysts: (C,D) showing low immune-positive cell infiltration within fibrous elements.

Fig. 4

Immunofluorescence photomicrographs of hydatid cysts. I-(a-g) the deposits of immune complexes showed a predominant dispersal in the cellular territories of the germinal layer. (a) The rod and ring distribution pattern of ANA. (b) Protoscoleces (P) attached with stalks (s) to the germinal layer (g). (c) Protoscoleces bounded by germinal layer, brood capsules (b). (d) Protoscoleces with chief distribution of immunecomplexes in the hooklet region (h) and moderate to faint existence in the suckers (sk.) and outer rim of the protoscolix. (e) Mononuclear immune cells infiltrating adventitial layer in homogenous ANA pattern. (f) Sinusoidal endothelium showing positive immune reactivity with apparent defenestration (white arrows). II (a-e) Representative images of positive controls in group-1(fertile cyst with high viability stained with Hoechst dye showing total nuclear counts). In II (f), the negative control, healthy Guinea pig’s liver stained for ANA. Scale bar in pixels.
Immunofluorescence photomicrographs of hydatid cysts. I-(a-g) the deposits of immune complexes showed a predominant dispersal in the cellular territories of the germinal layer. (a) The rod and ring distribution pattern of ANA. (b) Protoscoleces (P) attached with stalks (s) to the germinal layer (g). (c) Protoscoleces bounded by germinal layer, brood capsules (b). (d) Protoscoleces with chief distribution of immunecomplexes in the hooklet region (h) and moderate to faint existence in the suckers (sk.) and outer rim of the protoscolix. (e) Mononuclear immune cells infiltrating adventitial layer in homogenous ANA pattern. (f) Sinusoidal endothelium showing positive immune reactivity with apparent defenestration (white arrows). II (a-e) Representative images of positive controls in group-1(fertile cyst with high viability stained with Hoechst dye showing total nuclear counts). In II (f), the negative control, healthy Guinea pig’s liver stained for ANA. Scale bar in pixels.

Fig. 5

Immunohistochemistry study of the hepatic hydatid cyst adventitial layer (AL) for interleukin factor IL-17A and ANA immunofluorescence in the three independent groups of hydatidosis patients. The level of significance was adjusted by the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests. The significant differences between the examined groups are indicated (P < 0.01).
Immunohistochemistry study of the hepatic hydatid cyst adventitial layer (AL) for interleukin factor IL-17A and ANA immunofluorescence in the three independent groups of hydatidosis patients. The level of significance was adjusted by the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests. The significant differences between the examined groups are indicated (P < 0.01).

Fig. 6

Correlation between IL-17A immunohistochemical profile and ANA fluorescent intensities in the three independent groups of hydatidosis patients: IL-17A showed positive correlation with ANA in the three hydatid cyst groups. Open symbols and lines represent mean intensities of the tested specimens of each group.
Correlation between IL-17A immunohistochemical profile and ANA fluorescent intensities in the three independent groups of hydatidosis patients: IL-17A showed positive correlation with ANA in the three hydatid cyst groups. Open symbols and lines represent mean intensities of the tested specimens of each group.

Distribution of patients into three groups based on fertility rate of hydatid cysts in the current study_

No of group, n=63Type of cystsMean value ± SD of protoscolecesMean value ± SD of brood capsules
Solitary cystsMultivesicular cysts
Group-1, n=2213(59.0%)13(59%)1020.45± 479.2218.82±9.28
Group-2, n=2618(70%)8(30%)498.08 ± 232.1618.65±8.78
Group-3, n=1514(93%)1(7%)00

Mean±S_D_ plasma concentrations of ANA and anti-CCP antibodies in each of the three groups of cystic echinococcosis patients versus their infection- free controls

Category of patientsAutoimmune- populationMean±SD of diseased groupMean±SD of control groupp -value
Group-1ANA405.45±589.99120.00±92.380.001
anti-CCP14.14±7.7111.32±6.520.109
Group- 2ANA158.46±171.7627.12 ±88.310.063
anti-CCP45.12 ±8.0910.58 ±6.310.291
Group- 3ANA218.67 ± 206.6737.73 ±23.720.084
anti-CCP74.47 ± 14.5912.60 ± 9.140.209

Spearman coefficient of IL-17A plasma levels with autoimmune populations_

Patient groups ANA autoimmune population sera titresAnti-CCP autoimmune population sera titres
Spearman rho-valuep valueSpearman rho-valuep value
Group-1-0.004-0.984-0.139-0.538
Group-20.0210.9190.1770.388
Group-30.2570.3550.4600.084
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/helm-2022-0011 | Journal eISSN: 1336-9083 | Journal ISSN: 0440-6605
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Language: English
Page range: 1 - 17
Submitted on: Sep 11, 2020
Accepted on: Jan 27, 2022
Published on: May 4, 2022
Published by: Slovak Academy of Sciences
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 4 times per year
Keywords:
CE,
ANA,
IL-17A,
anti-CCP antibodies
Related subjects:
Life sciences,
Zoology,
Ecology,
Life sciences, other,
Medicine,
Clinical medicine,
Microbiology, virology and infection epidemiology

© 2022 E. A. EL Saftawy, A. Abdelraouf, M. A. Elsalam, P. Zakareya, A. Fouad, E. A. Albadawi, A. H. S. Abobakr Ali, N. M. Amin, published by Slovak Academy of Sciences
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

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