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Alterations in lipids and minerals in relation to larval trematode infections of Nerita polita marine snails Cover

Alterations in lipids and minerals in relation to larval trematode infections of Nerita polita marine snails

Open Access
|Dec 2021

Figures & Tables

Fig. 1

Snail’s collection site at Obhor, Jeddah coast, Red Sea (by Google map).
Snail’s collection site at Obhor, Jeddah coast, Red Sea (by Google map).

Fig. 2

The collected snail species, Nerita polita, A: Dorsal view, B: ventral view
The collected snail species, Nerita polita, A: Dorsal view, B: ventral view

Fig. 3

Photomicrograph of the ocellate furcocercus cercaria, Trichobilharzia regenti (Faust,1918) collected from the snail, Nerita polita; eyespots (ES), penetration glands (PG) and fork tail (FT) (methylene blue-stained).
Photomicrograph of the ocellate furcocercus cercaria, Trichobilharzia regenti (Faust,1918) collected from the snail, Nerita polita; eyespots (ES), penetration glands (PG) and fork tail (FT) (methylene blue-stained).

Fig. 4

Photomicrograph of the xiphidiocercaria, Litorina saxatilis VII collected from the snail, Nerita polita; oral sucker (OS), stylet (S), penetration glands (PG), excretory bladder (EB) and small tail (TA) (methylene blue- stained).
Photomicrograph of the xiphidiocercaria, Litorina saxatilis VII collected from the snail, Nerita polita; oral sucker (OS), stylet (S), penetration glands (PG), excretory bladder (EB) and small tail (TA) (methylene blue- stained).

Fig. 5

The infection prevalence of Nerita polita in relation to snail length.
The infection prevalence of Nerita polita in relation to snail length.

Concentrations of triglycerides, cholesterol, and phospholipids in DGG (mg/g) of Nerita polita in infected versus uninfected snails_ T- test performed at 95 % confidence level (p≤0_05)_

Uninfected (mg/g)Infected with ocellate furcocercus cercaria (mg/g)P valueInfected with xiphidiocercaria (mg/g)P value
Triglycerides0.53 ±0.0210.3743 ±.0590.007*0.597 ±0.0580.021*
Cholesterol1.63 ±0.1261.380 ±0.2020.02*1.786 ±0.1780.03*
Phospholipids0.173 ±0.0540.664 ±0.1570.060.919 ±0.1650.010*

Minerals concentration in DGG of Nerita polita in infected versus uninfected_ T-test performed at 95 % confidence level (p<0_05)_

MetalUninfected (mg/g)Infected with ocellate furcocercus (mg/g)P valueInfected with xiphidiocercaria (mg/g)P value
Calcium (Ca)4.935±7.2615.002±9.6530.194.943±7.9630.179
Zinc (Zn)0.160±0.2120.499±0.1250.120.958±0.2860.256
Lead (Pb)0.009±0.0250.031±0.8960.090.033±0.6520.236
Sodium (Na)24.590±7.02325.400±8.6940.10328.330± 7.6530.019*
Manganese (Mn)0.012±0.0210.096±0.8950.2580.218±0.9860.325
Magnesium (Mg)2.858±4.5242.511±0.9650.6353.112±7.6530.145
Potassium (K)3.380±8.3052.807±0.8520.005*3.616±8.6430.796
Iron (Fe)0.243±0.1250.351±0.9860.0750.519±0.2560.142
Copper (Cu)0.051±0.6112.032±0.8960.049*0.833±0.5630.325
Cadmium (Cd)0.014±0.2100.008±0.5870.5980.021±0.9850.186

Concentrations of triglycerides, cholesterol, and phospholipids in SCW (mg/g) of Nerita polita in infected versus uninfected snails_ T-test performed at 95 % confidence level (p≤0_05)_

Uninfected (mg/g)Infected with ocellate furcocercus cercaria (mg/g)P valueInfected with xiphidiocercaria (mg/g)P value
Triglycerides1.8 ±0.130.691 ±0.0690.012*0.0232 ±0.00120.10
cholesterol1.765 ±0.6350.427 ±0.1960.004*0.573 ±0.3620.375
phospholipids0.045 ±0.00340.146 ±0.0530.2310.196 ±0.0230.031*

Concentrations of triglycerides, cholesterol, and phospholipids in hemolymph (mg/g) of Nerita polita in infected versus uninfected snails_ T-test performed at 95 % confidence level (p≤0_05)_

Uninfected (mg/g)Infected with ocellate furcocercus cercaria (mg/g)P valueInfected with xiphidiocercaria (mg/g)P value
Triglycerides0.380 ±0.0980.110 ±0.0540.005*0.141 ±0.0650.002*
Cholesterol1.339 ±0.3290.110 ±0.1050.003*0.684 ±0.02560.010*
phospholipids0.077 ±0.00770.523 ±0.0400.0750.253 ±0.01630.175

Minerals concentration in Nerita polita shell in infected versus uninfected snails_ T-test performed at 95 % confidence level (p<0_05)_

MetalUninfected (mg/g)Infected with ocellate furcocercus (mg/g)P valueInfected with xiphidiocercaria (mg/g)P value
Ca0.478±0.5630.645±0.7960.0704.927±0.8960.005*
Zn0.657±0.4560.577±0.4980.9350.884±0.6350.653
Pb0.060±0.4630.062±0.4630.3690.061±0.4930.492
Na20.750±7.65225.50±6.520.040*25.300±5.630.031*
Mn0.152±0.4680.225±0.680.6350.213±0.8600.365
Mg2.101±1.5682.320±0.6520.4522.596±0.4980.045*
K0.303±0.3560.983±0.3950.3981.194±0.9630.254
Fe0.036±0.4920.065±0.7830.1480.010±0.7960.053*
Cu0.026±0.4680.124±0.3610.3980.011±0.6980.235
Cd0.021±0.1480.102±0.9520.9850.001±0.4960.076
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/helm-2021-0039 | Journal eISSN: 1336-9083 | Journal ISSN: 0440-6605
Language: English
Page range: 346 - 355
Submitted on: Dec 2, 2020
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Accepted on: Sep 30, 2021
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Published on: Dec 25, 2021
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: Volume open

© 2021 A. H. Hassan, N. S. Alhazmi, A. AR. Filimban, M. N. Alsulami, published by Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Parasitology
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.