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First report of Xiphinema diffusum from Pakistan Cover

First report of Xiphinema diffusum from Pakistan

Helminthologia
Volume 58 (2021): Issue 1 (March 2021)
By: E. Shokoohi,  K. Nasira,  E. Iqbal,  S. Hussain and  P. W Mashela  
Open Access
|Feb 2021
Figures & tables

Figures & Tables

Fig 1

Xiphinema diffusum Lamberti & Bleve-Zacheo, 1979. A: Anterior end. B: Amphid. C: Odontostyle and odontophore. D: Vaginal region. E: Female posterior end. F: Juvenile posterior end. G: Entire female.

Fig 2

Xiphinema diffusum Lamberti & Bleve-Zacheo, 1979. A: Anterior end. B: Odontostyle. C: Pharyngeal-intestinal junction. D, E: Vaginal region. E: Female posterior end. (scale bar = 20 μm)

Fig 3

MrBayes tree of the Xiphinema diffusum populations from GenBank and newly sequenced from Pakistan based on the 18S rDNA gene under GTR+I+G model ((-lnL = 4705.5454; AIC = 9583.090780; freqA = 0.2774; freqC = 0.2134; freqG = 0.2590; freqT = 0.2502; R(a) [AC] = 1.2052; R(b) [AG] = 2.9726; R(c) [AT] = 1.6440; R(d) [CG] = 0.4703; R(e) [CT] = 4.9113; R(f) [GT] = 1.0000; p-inv = 0.5080; gamma shape = 0.2770).

Morphometric of Xiphinema diffusum Lamberti & Bleve-Zacheo, 1979_ Mean ± SD (range) in μm except for L_

Females (n = 8)J1 (n = 1)J2 (n = 4)J3 (n = 1)
L1.736 ± 103.02 (1.6 – 1.9)(1063)1073 ± 33.5 (1.0 – 1.1)(1317)
a44.3 ± 1.8 (42 – 47)40.8 46.1 ± 0.9 (45.0 – 47.2)50.6
b6.2 ± 0.5 (5.7 – 7.1)5.04.7 ± 0.4 (4.3 – 5.3)4.8
c60.1 ± 2.5 (57 – 64)44.230.2 ± 3.5 (28.1 – 34.8)43.9
c’1.1 ± 0.1 (0.9 – 1.2)1.72.3 ± 0.5 (1.9 – 3.0)1.6
V52.4 ± 0.9 (52 – 54)–––
Odontostyle87.5 ± 1.7 (85 – 90)6262.2 ± 1.8 (60 – 64)71
Odontophore52.8 ± 1.1 (51 – 54)4237.2 ± 0.8 (36 – 38)42
Total stylet140 ± 0 (138 – 144)10499.5 ± 1.1 (98 – 101)113
Replacement odontostyle–7274 ± 3.1 (70 – 78)86
Oral aperture to guiding ring68.3 ± 5.41 (62 – 76)4647.2 ± 1.9 (45 – 50)57
Pharyngeal bulb length66.8 ± 2.6 (64 – 79)4451.5 ± 4.0 (46 – 57)56
Pharyngeal bulb width19.7 ± 0.6 (19 – 21)1815.7 ± 0.4 (15 – 16)18
Body diameter at lip region11.8 ± 0.7 (11 – 13)98.5 ± 0.5 (8 – 9)10
Body diameter at guiding ring27.7 ± 1.1 (26 – 29)2018.5 ± 0.5 (18 – 19)23
Body diameter at base of pharynx34.8 ± 1.1 (33 – 36)2623.5 ± 0.5 (23 – 24)29
Body diameter at vulva37.8 ± 3.4 (34 – 44)–––
Body diameter at anus26.8 ± 1.3 (25 – 28)1415 ± 0.70 (14 – 16)19
Body diameter at beginning of J13.3 ± 1.1 (12 – 15)65.7 ± 0.4 (5 – 6)7
Genital Primordium (GP %)–54.553.0 ± 2.2 (49.5 – 55.5)52.0
Hyaline portion of tail (J)7.9 ± 0.2 (7.5 – 8.0)67.0 ± 0.70 (6 – 7)7
Tail35.5 ± 5.5 (30 – 42)2429 ± 0.8 (28 – 30)30
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/helm-2021-0012 | Journal eISSN: 1336-9083 | Journal ISSN: 0440-6605
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Language: English
Page range: 92 - 99
Submitted on: Jun 3, 2020
Accepted on: Sep 10, 2020
Published on: Feb 10, 2021
Published by: Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Parasitology
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: Volume open
Keywords:
Prunus persica,
Xiphinema americanum group,
X. diffusum,
New record
Related subjects:
Life sciences,
Zoology,
Ecology,
Life sciences, other,
Medicine,
Clinical medicine,
Microbiology, virology and infection epidemiology

© 2021 E. Shokoohi, K. Nasira, E. Iqbal, S. Hussain, P. W Mashela, published by Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Parasitology
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

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