Clinical-parasitological screening for respiratory capillariosis in cats in urban environments

Stepanović, P.; Despotović, D.; Dimitrijević, S.; Ilić, T.

Clinical-parasitological screening for respiratory capillariosis in cats in urban environments

Helminthologia

Volume 57 (2020): Issue 4 (December 2020)

By:

P. Stepanović, D. Despotović, S. Dimitrijević and T. Ilić

Open Access

|Nov 2020

Figures & Tables

Necropsy in one cat, light microscopy. A) Female C. aerophila with eggs embedded in the remnant uterus in the trachea of a cat, native preparation (100x magnification); B) Eggs of C. aerophila detected in microscopic examination of the tracheal lavage, native preparation (400x magnification)

Coprology examination, light microscopy. A) Eggs of C. aerophila (100x magnification); B) Egg of C. aerophila (400x magnification); C) Egg polar plugs of C. aerophila (1000x magnification). Missing thickening at the base of the bipolar plug (arrow).

(A) ventrodorsal and (B) right lateral thoracic X-rays of a two-year-old male cat with Capillaria aerophila infection. A complex lung pattern is visible across the pulmonary fields, characterized by bronchial and alveolar changes and mild reticular interstitial pattern, with the symptoms of the respiratory signs due to; tachypnoea, dyspnoea with abdominal breathing, and end-inspiratory crackles upon auscultation.

(A, C, D, E, and F) right lateral thoracic and (B) left lateral thoracic X-rays of the cats with Capillaria aerophila infection.
(A) Right lateral thoracic X-ray a 9 year - old female infected with C. aerophila. A complex lung pattern is visible across the pulmonary fields, characterized by bronchial and alveolar changes and mild reticular interstitial pattern and there is an enlargement of the cardiac silhouette with collapses tracheae and ascites.
(B) Left lateral thoracic X-ray an 8,5 year - old male infected with C. aerophila. An oedema pulmonum is present and there is a large enlargement of the cardiac silhouette due to the dilated cardiomyopathy with hydropericardium present with bronchial wall thickening and increased interstitial opacity.
(C) Right lateral thoracic X-ray a 6 year - old female infected with C. aerophila. Bacterial bronchopneumonia with complex lung pattern, characterized by bronchial and alveolar changes and emphysema and atelectasis of the diaphragmatic lobes.
(D) Right lateral thoracic X-ray a 9 year - old female infected with C. aerophila. The virus caused bronchopneumonia with secondary bacterial complications and complex lung pattern, characterized by bronchial and alveolar changes with atelectasis of caudal pulmonary lobes and increased interstitial opacity.
(E) Right lateral thoracic X-ray a 7,5 year -old male infected with C. aerophila. Bacterial bronchopneumonia complicated with pneumothorax and pulmonary hypertension - there is an enlargement of the pulmonary artery of the caudal lobar pulmonary artery.
(F) Right lateral thoracic X-ray a 7,5 year -old male infected with C. aerophila. Bronchoalveolar localization of Ca with oedema pulmonum characterized by bronchial and alveolar changes and very difficult respiratory signs due to; tachypnoea, dyspnoea with abdominal breathing, and end-inspiratory crackles upon auscultation. — (A, C, D, E, and F) right lateral thoracic and (B) left lateral thoracic X-rays of the cats with Capillaria aerophila infection. (A) Right lateral thoracic X-ray a 9 year - old female infected with C. aerophila. A complex lung pattern is visible across the pulmonary fields, characterized by bronchial and alveolar changes and mild reticular interstitial pattern and there is an enlargement of the cardiac silhouette with collapses tracheae and ascites. (B) Left lateral thoracic X-ray an 8,5 year - old male infected with C. aerophila. An oedema pulmonum is present and there is a large enlargement of the cardiac silhouette due to the dilated cardiomyopathy with hydropericardium present with bronchial wall thickening and increased interstitial opacity. (C) Right lateral thoracic X-ray a 6 year - old female infected with C. aerophila. Bacterial bronchopneumonia with complex lung pattern, characterized by bronchial and alveolar changes and emphysema and atelectasis of the diaphragmatic lobes. (D) Right lateral thoracic X-ray a 9 year - old female infected with C. aerophila. The virus caused bronchopneumonia with secondary bacterial complications and complex lung pattern, characterized by bronchial and alveolar changes with atelectasis of caudal pulmonary lobes and increased interstitial opacity. (E) Right lateral thoracic X-ray a 7,5 year -old male infected with C. aerophila. Bacterial bronchopneumonia complicated with pneumothorax and pulmonary hypertension - there is an enlargement of the pulmonary artery of the caudal lobar pulmonary artery. (F) Right lateral thoracic X-ray a 7,5 year -old male infected with C. aerophila. Bronchoalveolar localization of Ca with oedema pulmonum characterized by bronchial and alveolar changes and very difficult respiratory signs due to; tachypnoea, dyspnoea with abdominal breathing, and end-inspiratory crackles upon auscultation.

Modifications from physiological parameters find on a general and special examination for 23 cats positive for C_ aerophila

													Blood count results
Cat N°	Sex	Age	(TM Kg)	Animal Condition	Fever Ower (°C) 38 - 39.5	Assessing Dehydration	Pulse 140-120	Heart Murmurs	Resp.Rate 20-30	Dyspnea and cyanosis	Crackles	Coffin	WBC 10⁹/L 3.8-19.5	Er10¹² g/L 5.0-10.5	Eo % 2-12%	RTG pic No:	Degre of infection Coprology	Diagnose	The outcome of treated cats
1	M	3.5	3.2	Critical	35.5	(O) 8-10	225	M 2/6	80	+++	++	++	23.000	4.5	6	-	+++	BP	DV, EX
2	M	5	5.0	Excellent	39.0	(A)	130	-	55	-	-	-	17.000	9.5	2	-	+	GIP	DV
3	M	2	3.8	Fair	(SF) 40	(M) 5-8	210	M T 23//6 6	75	++	+	+	21.000	5.5	3	A, 3 B	+	BP	DV
4	M	7	5.2	Good	38.5	(A)	156	-	50	-	-	-	17.500	7.5	2	-	+	GIP	DV
5	F	6	4.2	Fair	(WI) 40.3	(M) 5-8	196	-	75	++	+	++	22.000	5.0	4	3	++	BP	DV
6	F	9	3.5	Poor	36.5	(O) 8-10	240	-	80	++	+	++	6.000	5.0	2	4	+	DCa	DV, EX
7	F	4.5	8.0	Fair	38.5	(A)	150	-	50	-	-	-	15.000	6.0	2	-	+	GIP	DV
8	F	6.5	4.0	Fair	38.6	(A)	145	-	42	-	-	-	16.000	6.5	2	-	+	GIP	DV
9	F	5.5	4,6	Good	38.0	(A)	140	-	40	-	-	-	18.000	8.0	2	-	+	GIP	DV
10	F	3	3.6	Fair	38.7	(A)	140	-	36	+	-	+	17.000	8.0	2	-	+	GIP	DV
11	M	7.5	5.0	Fair	(WI) 40.2	(M) 5-8	230	M 3/6	80	++	+	+	21.500	6.0	5	5	++	PT	S, DV
12	F	6	4.6	Good	38.2	(A)	130	-	30	-	-	-	18.000	8.5	2	-	+	GIP	DV
13	F	6.5	5	Fair	38.4	(A)	136	-	32	-	-	-	16.500	8.0	2	-	+	GIP	DV
14	F	7	3.8	Fair	38.0	(A)	140	-	36	-	-	-	17.500	8.5	2	-	+	GIP	DV
15	M	8	5.3	Good	(WI) 40.1	(A)	195	A 2/6	70	+	-	+	26.000	5.5	3	-	++	GIP	DV
16	M	8,5	9.2	Fair	38.0	(A)	150	M 3/6	55	-	-	-	18.000	6.5	2	2	+	GIP,HP	DV
17	F	9	3.3	Poor	37.2	(M) 5-8	165	P T 12//6 6	60	-	-	++	7.000	6.0	4	1	++	HP, CHF CT, BP,	DV
18	M	3	3.5	Poor	(WI) 40.5	(M) 5-8	170	P M 43/6 /6	65	++	+	++	5.000	6.5	5	6	++	BaCa, BP	DV, EX
19	F	3.5	4.2	Good	38.0	(A)	130	-	30	-	-	-	18.600	7.0	4	-	+	GIP	DV
20	F	5	4.3	Good	38.3	(A)	135	-	35	-	-	-	16.000	6.5	3	-	+	GIP,	DV
21	M	7.5	5.5	Fair	38.1	(A)	126	-	28	-	-	-	14.500	7.0	4	-	+	GIP	DV
22	F	6	4.1	Fair	38.0	(A)	140	-	30	-	-	-	16.400	7.5	3	-	+	GI	DV
23	M	5	4	Fair	38.6	(A)	140	-	32	-	-	-	14.400	6.5	3	5	+	PT, GIP, CHF, DV

Prevalence of endoparasites diagnosed in the feces of examined cats N =155 (number of cats tested); No= case number of infection; % = infection prevalence rate;

	Total number of cats tested		In Monoinfection*
ENDOPARASITES	N^o	N%	N^o	N%
Toxocara mystax	29	18.71	13	8.39
Capillaria aerophila	23	14.84	16	10.32
Isospora spp.	17	10.97	6	3.87
Ancylostomatidae	12	7.74	5	3.22
Dipylidium caninum	5	3.22	2	1.29
Toxascaris leonina	3	1.93	3	1.93
TOTAL: (67 positive cats of endoparasites) N% 43,22
*(45 positive cats with monoinfection) N% 29,03

Prevalence of mixed endoparasites infections diagnosed in the feces of examined cats N =155 (total number of cats tested); No= case number of infection; % = rate in coinfection;

ENDOPARASITES	N^O	N%	In Double infections	N^O	N%
Toxocara mystax	16	10.32	Toxocara mystax	4	2.58
Capillaria aerophila	7	4.52	Capillaria aerophila Isospora spp.	3	1.93
Isospora spp.	11	7.10	Capillaria aerophila Isospora spp.	5	3.22
Ancylostomatidae	7	4.51	Toxocara mystax Isospora spp.	3	1.93
Dipylidium caninum	3	1.93	Ancylostomatidae Toxocara mystax	4	2.58
Toxascaris leonina	/	/	Ancylostomatidae Toxocara mystax	3	1.93
			Dipylidium caninum
TOTAL: (22 positive cats of double infections) N% 14.19

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/helm-2020-0046 | Journal eISSN: 1336-9083 | Journal ISSN: 0440-6605

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Language: English

Page range: 322 - 334

Submitted on: Apr 3, 2020

Accepted on: Jul 24, 2020

Published on: Nov 19, 2020

Published by: Slovak Academy of Sciences, Mathematical Institute

In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

Publication frequency: 4 times per year

Keywords:

cat,

coprology,

physical examination,

Belgrade

Related subjects:

Life sciences,

Zoology,

Ecology,

Life sciences, other,

Medicine,

Clinical medicine,

Microbiology, virology and infection epidemiology

© 2020 P. Stepanović, D. Despotović, S. Dimitrijević, T. Ilić, published by Slovak Academy of Sciences, Mathematical Institute
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

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Clinical-parasitological screening for respiratory capillariosis in cats in urban environments

Figures & Tables

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

Modifications from physiological parameters find on a general and special examination for 23 cats positive for C_ aerophila

Prevalence of endoparasites diagnosed in the feces of examined cats N =155 (number of cats tested); No= case number of infection; % = infection prevalence rate;

Prevalence of mixed endoparasites infections diagnosed in the feces of examined cats N =155 (total number of cats tested); No= case number of infection; % = rate in coinfection;

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