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Diversity of parasites from Xenopus laevis (Amphibia: Pipidae) and their seasonal rate of infection in selected habitats in the Limpopo Province, South Africa Cover

Diversity of parasites from Xenopus laevis (Amphibia: Pipidae) and their seasonal rate of infection in selected habitats in the Limpopo Province, South Africa

Helminthologia
Volume 57 (2020): Issue 3 (September 2020)
By: E. M. Mbokane,  J. Theron and  W. J. Luus-Powel  
Open Access
|Aug 2020

Figures & Tables

Fig. 1

Map showing the natural distribution of Xenopus laevis in South Africa (circles).The distribution is based on De Busschere et al. (2016). Triangles indicate the sampling localities or geographical regions.
Map showing the natural distribution of Xenopus laevis in South Africa (circles).The distribution is based on De Busschere et al. (2016). Triangles indicate the sampling localities or geographical regions.

Fig. 2

Trichodina xenopodos, photomicrographs. A = Trichodina xenopodos from a wet preparation. B = T. xenopodos in a Petri-dish with saline. Scale bar: (400×)
Trichodina xenopodos, photomicrographs. A = Trichodina xenopodos from a wet preparation. B = T. xenopodos in a Petri-dish with saline. Scale bar: (400×)

Fig. 3

Protopolystoma xenopodis, photomicrographs. A = ventral view. B = illustration suckers. Scale bar: 100 μm.
Protopolystoma xenopodis, photomicrographs. A = ventral view. B = illustration suckers. Scale bar: 100 μm.

Fig. 4

Dollfuschella rodhaini, photomicrographs. A = ventral view of D. rodhaini. B = Enlarged sinus organ. Scale bar: A = 1100 μm, B = 10μm.
Dollfuschella rodhaini, photomicrographs. A = ventral view of D. rodhaini. B = Enlarged sinus organ. Scale bar: A = 1100 μm, B = 10μm.

Fig. 5

Progonimodiscus doyeri, photomicrographs. A = posterior view of the large acetabulum. B = micrograph of whole body of Pd. doyeri. Scale bar: 100 μm.
Progonimodiscus doyeri, photomicrographs. A = posterior view of the large acetabulum. B = micrograph of whole body of Pd. doyeri. Scale bar: 100 μm.

Fig. 6

Cephalochlamys namaquensis, photomicrographs. A = enlarged view of the scolex. B = micrograph showing segments and the position of gonopores. Scale bar: 100 μm.
Cephalochlamys namaquensis, photomicrographs. A = enlarged view of the scolex. B = micrograph showing segments and the position of gonopores. Scale bar: 100 μm.

Fig. 7

Camallanus kaapstaadi, photomicrographs A = wet preparation of Cm. kaapstaadi. B = tapering tail with three mucrons.C = enlarged buccal capsule with two large valves. Scale bar: A – B = (200x), C = (400x).
Camallanus kaapstaadi, photomicrographs A = wet preparation of Cm. kaapstaadi. B = tapering tail with three mucrons.C = enlarged buccal capsule with two large valves. Scale bar: A – B = (200x), C = (400x).

Fig. 8

Batrachocamallanus slomei, photomicrographs. A = opening of the anterior buccal capsule. B = posterior end showing mucrons.Scale bar: A = 10 μm, B = 100 μm.
Batrachocamallanus slomei, photomicrographs. A = opening of the anterior buccal capsule. B = posterior end showing mucrons.Scale bar: A = 10 μm, B = 100 μm.

Fig. 9

Prevalence of parasites recorded from Xenopus laevis from Modjadjiskloof, Mokopane and University of Limpopo in different seasons. Key: T. xenopodos = Trichodina xenopodos, Pt. xenopodos = Protopolystoma xenopodis, D. rodhaini = Dollfuschella rodhaini, Pd. doyeri = Progonimodiscus doyeri, Cp. namaquensis = Cephalochlamys namaquensis, B. slomei = Batrachocamallanus slomei, Cm. kaapstaadi = Camallanus kaapstaadi.
Prevalence of parasites recorded from Xenopus laevis from Modjadjiskloof, Mokopane and University of Limpopo in different seasons. Key: T. xenopodos = Trichodina xenopodos, Pt. xenopodos = Protopolystoma xenopodis, D. rodhaini = Dollfuschella rodhaini, Pd. doyeri = Progonimodiscus doyeri, Cp. namaquensis = Cephalochlamys namaquensis, B. slomei = Batrachocamallanus slomei, Cm. kaapstaadi = Camallanus kaapstaadi.

Fig. 10

Mean intensity of parasites recorded from Xenopus laevis from Modjadjiskloof, Mokopane and University of Limpopo in different seasons. Key: T. xenopodos = Trichodina xenopodos, Pt. xenopodos = Protopolystoma xenopodis, D. rodhaini = Dollfuschella rodhaini, Pd. doyeri = Progonimodiscus doyeri, Cp. namaquensis = Cephalochlamys namaquensis, B. slomei = Batrachocamallanus slomei, Cm. kaapstaadi = Camallanus kaapstaadi.
Mean intensity of parasites recorded from Xenopus laevis from Modjadjiskloof, Mokopane and University of Limpopo in different seasons. Key: T. xenopodos = Trichodina xenopodos, Pt. xenopodos = Protopolystoma xenopodis, D. rodhaini = Dollfuschella rodhaini, Pd. doyeri = Progonimodiscus doyeri, Cp. namaquensis = Cephalochlamys namaquensis, B. slomei = Batrachocamallanus slomei, Cm. kaapstaadi = Camallanus kaapstaadi.

Information on Xenopus laevis sampled at the three localities in the Limpopo Province, South Africa, during the four seasons (January 2007–October 2007)_

LocalitySeasonSexNumberStandard length
examined(mm)
AutumnMale884.75 ± 9.92
Female1088.87 ± 9.55
WinterMale1087.20 ± 13.04
ModjadjiskloofFemale1291.67 ± 9.77
SpringMale1191.09 ± 9.36
Female1094.70 ± 8.46
SummerMale1292.66 ± 8.46
Female1491.29 ± 8.79
AutumnMale1388.46 ± 8.51
Female1284.16 ± 9.28
WinterMale1581.80 ± 9.55
Female1393.77 ± 6.98
MokopaneSpringMale1288.50 ± 8.94
Female1084.40 ± 8.54
SummerMale1480.57 ± 6.97
Female1686.86 ± 10.07
AutumnMale1470.93 ± 4.64
Female1173.63 ± 7.21
WinterMale1073.90 ± 11.29
University of LimpopoFemale1570.87 ± 6.13
SpringMale866.94 ± 6.41
Female1772.75 ± 6.71
SummerMale1368.46 ± 5.21
Female1271.50 ± 10.45

Summary of surface water variables in the three localities_ Values are given as averages of four seasonal sampling periods_

VariableLocality
ModjadjiskloofMokopaneTurfloop
Temperature (°C)22.223.625.5
pH7.87.27.5
Conductivity (mS/m)50.7115.365.5
Turbidity (NTU)2.98.51.8
DO (mg-l)7.15.67.15

Summary of the occurrence of parasites from Xenopus laevis in relation to size and sex for surveys conducted in Modjadjiskloof, Mokopane, University of Limpopo, Limpopo Province, South Africa_

LocalityParasitesChi-squarep – value
Preference for sex
Trichodina xenopodos0.2020.653
Protopolystoma xenopodis0.0090.926
Dollfuschella rodhaini0.4040.525
ModjadjiskloofProgonimodiscus doyeri2.0630.151
Cephalochlamys namaquensis0.0100.920
Batrachocamallanus slomei2.9400.086
Camallanus kaapstaadi0.2920.589
Dollfuschella rodhaini1.0690.301
Progonimodiscus doyeri2.0160.156
MokopaneCephalochlamys namaquensis0.0470.829
Batrachocamallanus slomei0.0120.912
Camallanus kaapstaadi1.0830.298
Protopolystoma xenopodis1.2550.263
University of LimpopoBatrachocamallanus slomei0.2360.627
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/helm-2020-0027 | Journal eISSN: 1336-9083 | Journal ISSN: 0440-6605
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Language: English
Page range: 252 - 267
Submitted on: Aug 2, 2019
|
Accepted on: Apr 8, 2020
|
Published on: Aug 5, 2020
Published by: Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Parasitology
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 4 issues per year
Keywords:
Season,
Temperature,
Heteroxenous,
Monoxenous,
Infections
Related subjects:
Life sciences,
Zoology,
Ecology,
Life sciences, other,
Medicine,
Clinical medicine,
Microbiology, virology and infection epidemiology

© 2020 E. M. Mbokane, J. Theron, W. J. Luus-Powel, published by Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Parasitology
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

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