Table 1
Morphometric data of female and four juveniles stages (J1, J2, J3 and J4) of Xiphinema santos from Brazil. Values are mean ± standard deviation (range).
| Nematode | Xiphinema santos | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stages | female | J1 | J2 | J3 | J4 |
| Morphometrics* | |||||
| n | 24 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 14 |
| L (mm) | 1.7 ± 0.1 (1.6 – 1.9) | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.9 | 1.3 ± 0.1 (1.1 – 1.4) |
| Odontostyle (μm) | 79.2 ± 2.4 (76 – 84) | 32.0 | 42.0 | 51.0 | 64.9 ± 2.4 (61 – 69) |
| Replacement odontostyle (μm) | – | 48.0 | 52.0 | 63.0 | 77.3 ± 2.9 (72 – 82) |
| Odontophore (μm) | 51.3 ± 1.8 (47 – 55) | 43.0 | 30.0 | 37.0 | 42.5 ± 1.7 (40 – 45) |
| Spear (μm) | 130.5 ± 2.9 (126 – 136) | 75.0 | 72.0 | 88.0 | 107.4 ± 2.7 (102 – 111) |
| Tail (μm) | 34.4 ± 1.8 (30 – 37) | 30.0 | 32.0 | 25.0 | 34.1 ± 2.2 (30 – 37) |
| Body diameter (μm) | 40.1± 2.9 (36 – 45) | 18.0 | 21.0 | 24.0 | 28.9 ± 2.6 (26 – 36) |
| V% | 51.8 0.9 (50.0 – 53.5) | – | – | – | – |
| a | 42.5 ± 2.8 (36.5 – 46.8) | 41.4 | 33.8 | 39.0 | 43.4 ± 3.2 (37.2 – 47.2) |
| b | 5.9 ± 0.7 (4.7 – 7.6) | 5.5 | 4.9 | 5.5 | 5.4 ± 0.9 (4.0 – 7.5) |
| c | 49.5 ± 3.0 (44 – 53) | 24.8 | 22.2 | 37.4 | 36.6 ± 3.2 (32.5 – 44.3) |
| c` | 1.6 ± 0.1 (1.4 – 1.8) | 2.5 | 2.5 | 1.8 | 1.8 ± 0.2 (1.2 – 2.1) |
[i] * length of body (L), position of the vulva in relation to the anterior end of the body expressed as a percentage of the length of the body (V %), body length divided by largest body diameter (a), body length divided by oesophageal length (b), tail length divided by body diameter at the anus (c’) and ratio of the length of the body and tail (c)].
Fig. 1
Light micrographs of Xiphinema santos from Brazil. Female anterior (A) and tail regions (B). Scale bars=10 μm.
Fig. 2
Principal component analysis of seven Xiphinema santos populations based on mean values of 11 morphometric characters (Table 1). Brazilian (XsBRA), Portuguese from Dao Region (XsPORDao), Azores (XsAzores), Braga (XsPORBraga) and Madeira (XsMadeira); Egyptian (XsEGP) and Spanish (XsESP) populations.